HIFU is a new technology of noninvasive tumorectomy, which take use of thermal effects, mechanical effects and cavitation effects, etc. Currently, One of the difficulties in clinical application is how to determine energy dose of HIFU and resulted biological change. This paper expounds the factors such as sound intensity, irradiation duration, treatment depth, sound environment,etc. ,which affect energy input and therapeutic efficiency in HIFU treatment.

[Objective]To observe the efficacy of Jianlifang granules on anti-kinetic and anti-mental fatigue by experimental research.[Methods]SPF ICR mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:negative control group,Sanlejiang group,low-dose Jianlifang granules group,middle-dose Jianlifang granules group and high-dose Jianlifang granules group.The experiments of swimming,hypoxia tolerance test,pole-jump test,sedation,analgesia and improving the ability of learning and memory were used to test the ability of anti-fatigue in mice.[Results]The time of swimming,hypoxia tolerance,pole-jump and locomotor activity was remarkably prolonged in different doses of Jianlifang granules groups and Sanlejiang group compared with the negative control;the reaction time of licking foot was delayed and the pain threshold was increased;the correct rate of water maze test was significantly improved and the time of reaching destination was shortened(P

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of beta-hydroxyisovaleryl shikonin (beta-HIVS) combined cisplatin on activities of ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 in vivo and its possible mechanisms.

METHODSCells were divided into the blank control group and six beta-HIVS groups (2 - 30 micromol/L). Effect of beta-HIVS at different concentrations on the activities of ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 was detected using MTT assay. SKOV3 cells were treated with cisplatin (10, 20, and 40 micromol/L) and beta-HIVS (0.25, 1, and 2.5 micromol/L) combined cisplatin. Effect of beta-HIVS combined cisplatin on the activities of ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 was determined by MTT assay. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax after treated by different concentrations of beta-HIVS was detected by Western blot.

RESULTSThe activities of SKOV3 were inhibited by different concentrations of beta-HIVS dose-dependently. The 50% inhibition rate (IC50) was 7.37 micromol/L. There was statistical difference in IC50 between each concentration beta-HIVS group and the blank control group (P < 0.05). There was statistical difference in IC50 between the beta-HIVS (1 and 2.5 micromol/L) combined cisplatin groups and the cisplatin group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The synergistic effect on beta-HIVS showed dose-dependent manner. Results of Western blot showed beta-HIVS at different concentrations (5, 7.5, and 10 micromol/L) could obviously up-regulate the expression level of Bax protein and inhibit the expression level of Bcl-2 protein, showing statistical difference when compared with the control group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS; HIVS could obviously inhibit in vitro growth of SKOV3 in a dose-dependent manner. With the range of concentration, beta-HIVS showed synergetic effect with cisplatin. Besides, along with increasing beta-HIVS concentrations, the synergetic effect was more significant. The synergetic effect might accelerate the apoptosis of SKOV3 through up-regulating Bax expression and inhibiting Bcl-2 expression.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cisplatin ; pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Naphthoquinones ; pharmacology ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Objective To analyze the growth and development condition of the children with cerebral palsy,and to investigate the influence of puberty on their adult height.Methods 56 children with cerebral palsy were selected as research subjects.34 healthy children were selected as control group.Their height and weight were measured,the development condition of their sexual character was checked,and then standard deviation of height and weight,height age and bone age were calculated,adult height and target height were predicted and analyzed.Results The standard deviation of height and weight in cerebral palsy group was (-1.29 ± 1.39) and (-0.77 ±1.20) respectively,which was lower than that of the normal control group[(0.40 ±0.95),(0.38 ± 1.01)] (t =-6.270,-4.6 7 6,all P ＜ 0.0 5).In preadolescent cerebral palsy group,the chronobiological age was bigger than their height age and bone age,the difference was significant (t =6.381,7.939,all P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between height age and bone age (P ＞ 0.05),there existed no significant difference between predicted adult height and target height(P ＞ 0.05).In adolescem cerebral palsy group,the chronobiological age and bone age were larger than their height age,which indicated significant difference (t =3.438,-3.759,all P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between the chronobiological age and bone age (P ＞ 0.05),the predicted adult height was lower than target height,the difference was significant (t =-5.204,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The growth and development of children with cerebral palsy would usually fall behind the normal children,but showed similarity in terms of starting age and process of puberty.After puberty,their bone age would increase dramatically,their predicted adult height would fall behind target height distinctly.

Objective To investigate the effect of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-associated apoptosis on renal interstitial fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in rats. Methods Eighteen healthy male Wistar rats undergoing UUO were sacrificed at 3,7,14 days after operation. Additional seven rats underwent sham operation. Histological changes were observed by HE and Masson staining. Immunohistochemistry was performed on renal tissue for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Chromatometry was used to detect the content of hydroxyproline. Apoptosis cells were determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and the electrophoresis analysis of genome DNA. The mRNA expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), which are important markers of ERS, were detected by RT-PCR. Western blotting was used to assess the protein level of GRP78 and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3 (caspase-3). Results Compared with sham operation group, the degree of renal interstitial and the level of hydroxyproline content of UUO group increased significantly (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry staining indicated that a-SMA extensively expressed in renal tubular and interstitial cells. The apoptotic cells in the renal tubular and interstitium were continuously increased from day 3 to the end of experiment of UUO group. As early as 3 days after surgery, the mRNA level of GRP78 in UUO group increased compared with sham operation group (P<0.01), while the protein expression increased on day 7 after surgery (P<0.01). Prolonged ERS triggered apoptosis, the protein expression of caspase-3 increased significantly on day 3 after surgery (P< 0.05), and the expression sustained high level during the experiment afterwards. There was a positive correlation between GRP78 protein expression and hydroxyproline content (r =0.657, P< 0.01) as well as caspase-3 protein expression (r=0.714, P<0.01). Conclusions UUO induces a significant up-regulation in endoplasmic reticulum molecular chaperones at early stage, indicating that ERS response is activated in the rat kidney. Prolonged ERS can lead to renal tubular and interstitial cell apoptosis, and caspase-3-mediated ERS associated apoptosis may contribute to the fibrosis.

Objective To analyze the false-positive results of Treponema pallidum antibody caused by 3 different assay in comparison with Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA).Methods Research group included 3957 clinically asymptomatic syphilis patients,and control group was 344 outpatients with sex-transmitted diseases (STD).The serum samples from the patients who were TPHA-positive were tested in parallel by enzymeimmunoassay (EIA) and syphilis toluidine red untreated serum test (TRUST).Western blot (WB) was performed as confirmatory test.Results In the clinically asymptomatic patients,60 were TPHA-positive.Among them 57 were confirmed by western blot assay,and 1 was false-positive and 2 were borderline in WB.Of the 60 TPHA-positive patients,53 were positive in EIA and 23 were positive in TRUST.In STD patients 40 were TPHA,WB and EIA-positive but 32 were TRUST-positive.Conclusions The results of TPHA and EIA were consistent for diagnosis of syphilis patients who may suffer from previous or latent infection.

Objective To investigate the effect of remifentanil preconditioning on hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury to human hepatocytes.Methods Human HL7702 hepatocytes were cultured in vitro and randomly divided into 6 groups (n =16 each):control group (group C),H/R group,preconditioning with low,median and high concentrations of remifentanil groups (groups RP1-3) and normal saline group (group NS).H/R was produced by 8 h exposure of cells to 94％ N2-5％ CO2-1％ O2 in glucose-free DMEM liquid culture medium followed by 4 h reoxygenation.Remifentanil with the final concentrations of 0.5,5.0 and 50.0 ng/ml were added before hypoxia in groups RP1-3 respectively.Normal saline equal to the volume of remifentanil was added before hypoxia,the culture medium was replaced with glucose-free DMEM liquid culture medium 1 b later and H/R was produced in group NS.At 4 h of reoxygenation,the cell viability was measured by MTT,and activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate amino transferase (AST) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in the culture medium and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the cells were determined.The cell morphology was also examined.Results Compared with group C,the cell viability was significantly decreased,the activities of AST,ALT and LDH in the culture medium and MDA content in the cells were significantly increased in the other groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with groups H/R and NS,the cell viability was significantly increased,the activities of AST and LDH in the culture medium and MDA content in the cells were significantly decreased in group RP2 (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in groups RP1 and RP3 (P ＞ 0.05).The degree of damage to the hepatocytes was significantly reduced in group H/R compared with group RP2,and comparable in groups H/R,RP1 and RP3.Conclusion Preconditioning with the median concentration of remifentanil (5 ng/ml) can reduce H/ R injury to the human hepatocytes,while the low (0.5 ng/ml) or high (50 ng/ml) concentration of remifentanil has no such effect.

Objective To investigate the undergraduates′cognition ,attitude and behavior about low‐carbon life and then to provide a relatively scientifically strategy .and provide scientific basis to formulate countermeasures about undergraduates′low‐car‐bon lifestyle .Methods By multistage sampling ,382 students′knowledge ,attitude and practice about low‐carbon life in Wuhan Uni‐versity of science and technology were analyzed .Results The students′cognition about low‐carbon life was good ,the awareness rate of girl was higher than that of boy ;Their attitude was positive ,grade and knowledge awareness were the two influence factors ;the behavior situation was unsatisfactory ,the origin of students and attitude enthusiasm were the elements affect rationality of be‐havior .Conclusion Undergraduates should strengthen the cognition of low‐carbon life ,improve attitude enthusiasm ,and form a good behavioral habit of low‐carbon life .

Objective: To observe the effect of JianLiKeLi(JLKL) on immune function of rat with exercise-induced fatigue and discuss the mechanism of its anti-fatigue.Methods: SPF healthy SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:the control group,the SLJ group,the low dose of JLKL group,middle dose of JLKL group and high dose of JLKL group.The chronic fatigue model was established by exhaustive swimming.Eyeball was removed to collect blood,and the ability of T lymphocyte proliferation,NK cells,IL-1 and IL-6 were tested.Results: Compared with the control group,T cells proliferation in the high and middle dose of JKLL groups increased,the activities of NK cells,IL-1 and IL-6 in the three doses of JLKL groups and the SLJ group were all higher(P

AIM:To investigate the impact of palmitate-stimulated macrophages on the invasion and migration of HepG2 cells and to explore the underlying mechanism .METHODS:Human acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 were induced to macrophages by phorbol myristate acetate and were stimulated with palmitate (0.16 mmol/L).The culture supernatants were collected and used to incubate HepG 2 cells.The effect of palmitate on migration of the macrophages was detected by Transwell chamber assay .The mRNA expression of target genes was measured by RT-qPCR.The invasion and migration of the HepG 2 cells were assessed by invasion assay and scratch test .RESULTS:Palmitate promoted the migra-tion of the macrophages and increased the mRNA levels of interleukin -1β( IL-1β) , interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) , tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in the macrophages.The invasion and migration of the HepG2 cells incubated with conditioned media from palmitate-stimulated macrophages were greater than those of the HepG 2 cells incubated with conditioned media from macrophages without palmitate .The media of palmitate-stimulated macrophages up-regulated the mRNA expression of cytokines and N-cadherin, and down-regulated the mRNA expression of E-cadherin in the HepG2 cells.CONCLUSION:Palmitate-stimulated macrophages promote the invasion and migration of HepG 2 cells through paracrine/endcrine loop.