Objective To understand the level of nuclear radiation knowledge and attitude towards nuclear power plant construction among health emergency personnel around a nuclear facility, to enhance public awareness and education targeted at these individuals, to increase confidence in the safety of nuclear power plants, and to aid health emergency response work. Methods In September 2022, following the survey plan developed by National Institute for Radiological Protection, China CDC, a survey was conducted using a questionnaire designed by the institute. The survey was conducted by filling online questionnaire by 238 individuals engaged in health emergency gathered at their working units, including designated centers for disease control, hospitals, and township health clinics at the municipal, county, and township levels. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 22.0 statistical software. The categorical data were statistically described by proportion and subjected to chi-square test. The continuous data were described by \begin{document}$\bar{x} \pm s$\end{document} and subjected to correlation analysis using multiple linear regression. Results A total of 225 valid questionnaires were collected. The scores were relatively high for professional and technical personnel of radiation health protection agencies, personnel with postgraduate degrees, and male personnel, and their scores were 10.83 ± 2.13, 12.4 ± 1.67, and 10.48 ± 2.8, respectively. Sex and education were the factors influencing the level of radiation knowledge (P < 0.05). Most of the respondents were very concerned and worried about the safety of nuclear power plants, supported the construction of nuclear power plants by the state but took a neutral attitude towards the construction of nuclear facilities in the local area, and showed high level of trust in the government and the authoritative media. Conclusion According to the characteristics of the health emergency personnel, different publicity and education methods and activities should be used to enhance understanding of radiation knowledge. The authoritative role of the government and the media should be emphasized to build confidence in the safety of nuclear power plants.

Objective:To ascertain the basic situation of radiotherapy in Fujian in 2016.Methods:Based on the unified questionnaire, the types and quantity of radiotherapy and its corollary equipment, the number of radiotherapy staff and the work for quality control were surveyed in the radiotherapy units in the whole province, and the data on patients undergoing radiotherapy and other types of patients were collected from 26 hospitals. The total number of radiotherapy patients in the whole province was estimated by the correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Results:Radiotherapy was performed in a total of 32 hospitals in Fujian province in 2016. Among them, there were 62 sets of radiotherapy equipment, 33 sets of the simulators, 57 sets of treatment planning systems and 762 workers. The total number of 15 156 radiotherapy patients in 26 hospital were available for the survey. Multiple linear regression models showed that the frequency of application of medical electron accelerator was positively correlated with number of outpatients, emergency patients and inpatients, number of radiotherapy staff, number of electron accelerators ( r=0.311, 0.893, 0.956, P<0.05). Meanwhile, the frequency of aterloading brachytherapy was positively correlated with number of outpatients, emergency patients and inpatients, number of radiotherapy staff, number of aterloading brachytherapy units ( r=0.307, 0.966, 0.988, P<0.05). The frequency of radiotherapy was 0.54 patients per 1 000 population in Fujian in 2016. The delivered dose calibration of accelerators was performed in all hospitals involved in line with the relevant regulations, but the number of quality control equipment for radiotherapy was insufficient, such as the QA beam checker or well-type ionization chamber. Conclusions:In recent years, the rapid development of radiotherapy has been seen in Fujian province. The radiotherapy management should focus on standardenized and improved quality control and regulation in future.

Objective To estimate the application frequency of X-ray diagnosis in Fujian province in 2016 based on the examination number survey in sampled hospitals in 9 cities.Methods Using the national unified questionnaire and stratified typical sampling method,a total of 43 hospitals in 9 cities of Fujian province were selected for the survey.The survey information mainly contained the basic situation of sampled hospitals and the number of X-ray diagnostic examinees.The basic situation included the numbers of out-patient and emergency care,in-patient,X-ray diagnostic equipment and radiological staff,and the examinees were further classified by examination types,gender,ages and beam positions.Furthermore,based on the survey result,a prediction model of the application frequency of X-ray diagnosis in Fujian province was established,and the frequency in 2016 was also estimated.Results There were 418 sets of X-ray diagnostic equipment,and 1 230 radiological diagnostic staff in the 43 hospitals.The total number of out-patient,emergency care and in-patient was 30 919 162,and the number of X-ray diagnostic examinations was 4 277 518 in the hospitals in 2016.In 2016,the application frequency of X-ray diagnosis in Fujian province was estimated to be 695 examinations per thousand population.Among them,the frequencies of conventional X-ray photography and CT examinations were 373 and 293 examinations per thousand population,respectively.Conclusions Through this survey,the general situation of X-ray diagnostic application in Fujian province in 2016 was grasped,so as to provide reference data for improving the regulations and standards of radiation health protection and strengthening the supervision and management of the application of X-ray diagnostic equipment in Fujian province.

Objective:To explore the main risk factors and to assess the risk of thyroid 131I exposure among nuclear medical workers. Methods:From March to October in 2019, cluster sampling was adopted to collect the number of 131I automatic packer and patients treated for thyroid cancer, hyperthyroidism and liven cancer used 131I, the practicing categories, job rotation and 131I operation condition of nuclear medical staff were also investegated in the 21 nuclear medicine hospitals in Fujian Province that carried out 131I nuclide diagnosis and treatment in 2018. 131I aerosol and personnel thyroid 131I were measured in 20 hospitals using 131I for thyroid cancer or hyperthyroidism. The main risk factors leading to thyroid 131I exposure of nuclear medical staff were found and aninternal exposure risk assessment model was established. Results:The detection rate of 131I aerosol and personnel thyroid 131I were 80.0% (16/20) and 25.5% (62/243) in 20 hospitals. The situation of packaging and administration about 131I in the nearly 10 effective half-life, the concentration of 131I aerosol in the nuclear medicine workplace, the number of patients treated with 131I for thyroid cancer or hyperthyroidism were the main risk factors leading to thyroid 131I internal exposure ( OR=5.857, 6.808, 1.983, 1.150, P<0.05) . Conclusion:131I exposure is common among nuclear medical workers, attention should be paid to the protection of internal radiation, strengthen the control of main risk factors, so as to reduce the risk of internal radiation.

Objective To investigate the number and categorical distribution of non-medical radiation institutions in Fujian Province, China, and to explore the current situation of radiation occupational hazards prevention and control and the occupational health management of radiation workers in employing units. Methods The industrial enterprises engaged in the application of nuclear technology in our province were investigated, and different types of employing units were selected to monitor the radioactivity level in the workplace. Results A total of 377 non-medical radiation institutions were reported in the province, with a total of 5221 radiation workers (except luggage detector units); 1246 radiation workers held radiation worker certificates, accounting for 23.87%; 5103 radiation workers carried out personal dose monitoring, accounting for 97.74%; 5061 radiation workers participated in radiation protection knowledge training, accounting for 96.94%; a total of 4895 (93.76%)radiation workers received physical examination. Conclusion Health supervision authorities in Fujian Province should strengthen the supervision of non-medical radiation institutions, further improve the level of occupational health management, and protect the health rights and interests of radiation workers to the maximum extent.

Objective: To investigate the ⁹⁰Sr concentration levels in the monitoring areas and the control area at Ningde Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). Methods: Food samples were collected from the monitoring areas in 30 km of Ningde NPP and the control area far away. The radioactive levels of ⁹⁰Sr in food samples were analyzed using the chromatography with 2-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate fast extraction method. Results: In this survey, ⁹⁰Sr radioactive concentrations in 30 varieties of foods in 6 categories were analyzed. In the monitoring area, ⁹⁰Sr radioactivity concentration in the samples collected were in the range of 0.017-1.830 Bq/kg for cereals, beans and potatoes, 0.021-0.318 Bq/kg for vegetables, 0.007-7.690 Bq/kg for quatic products, and 0.009-0.184 Bq/kg for meats; whereas, in the control area, cereals, beans and potatoes in 0.017-0.700 Bq/kg, vegetables in 0.034-0.677 Bq/kg, aquatic products in 0.038-3.360 Bq/kg, and meats in 0.019-0.054 Bq/kg. Conclusions The ⁹⁰Sr radioactive concentrations in foods were far below the food standard limits in this survey. The contribution of evaluated to the public from the ⁹⁰Sr in foods was neglectable.

Objective To investigation the radioactivity level of ⁹⁰Sr in tea leaves within and outside 30 km range of Ningde nuclear power plant. Methods The tea leaves within and outside the 30 km range of Ningde Nuclear Power Plant were collected from 2013 to 2018. According to“Radiochemical analysis of strontium-90 in water and ash of biological samples” (HJ 815—2016), the separation and analysis of ⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y were carried outusing the method of di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (HDEHP) chromatography. Results During the period of 2013-2018, the radioactivity concentrations of ⁹⁰Sr in the tea leaves within the range of 30 km around the Ningde nuclear power plant were 0.486～13.29 Bq/kg and that of ⁹⁰Sr in the tea leaves outside the range of 30 km around the nuclear power station were 1.021～17.19 Bq/kg. Conclusion During the six years of operation in Ningde Nuclear Power Plant, there was no increase in the radioactivity level of ⁹⁰Sr in the tea leaves around the nuclear power plant.