Objective To investigate the chnicopathogenical significance of c-jun N-terminal kinase(JNK) and multidrug resistance associated protein 1 (MRP1) expression in colorectal cancer. Methods The expression of JNK and MRP1 was detected in a tissue microarray containing 72 spots of colorectal cancer tissue and 40 spots of nor-mal colorectal tissue by immunohistochemisty. Results The positive expression rate of JNK and MRP1 expression was 47.22% and 51.39% respectively in colorectal cancer,significantly higher than that in normal colon tissue. JNK protein expression was not closely related to gender, age, tumor size and location (P>0.05), but closely related to tumor differentiation,lymph node metastasis,distsnt metastasis and Dukes staging (P<0.05). MRP1 protein expres-sion was not closely related to gender,age,tumor size,location and tumor differentiation(P> 0.05), but closely relat-ed to lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, Dukes staging (P<0.05). Conclusions The JNK expression in cancer is corrlated with maligant biological behavior and may be involved in the chemotherapeutic resistance by upreg-ulating the expression of MRP1.

Objective To study the supportive personnel system reform for implementing the essential medicine system in Guangxi,as well as its impacts on the township hospitals and problems so incurred.Methods Deans (and/or vice deans)and financial staff of 24 townships hospitals were interviewed,while 80％ of medical staff of health centers in 8 counties were subject to a questionnaire survey,to evaluate impacts of the essential medicine system on township hospitals.Results As shown in the outcomes,44.02％of those surveyed were less enthusiastic after the new system was put in place,township health center doctors found their average salary decreased(P=0.027),and the rewarding salary failed to distinguish differences among posts,which all worsened the brain drain of these doctors.Conclusion The new personnel system is found with setbacks of poor incentive mechanism and poor operability.Thus further improvement should be made in scientific measurement of the gaps found in the performance-based pay,and the implementation of thetwo-way flow of medical personnel policy.

China ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; statistics & numerical data ; Solvents

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is an important stabiliser of the knee and is commonly torn in sports injuries. Common indications for imaging after ACL reconstruction include persistent symptoms, limitation of motion and re-injury. Important postoperative complications include graft failure, impingement, arthrofibrosis and graft degeneration. This article aimed to familiarise the radiologist with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging appearances of properly positioned intact ACL grafts and to provide a comprehensive review of MR imaging features of complications following ACL reconstruction.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Postoperative Complications ; diagnostic imaging ; Transplants ; diagnostic imaging ; Wound Healing

A 58-year-old man presented with knee pain and swelling, following a previous injury. A displaced bucket-handle tear of the medial meniscus was diagnosed on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and subsequently confirmed by arthroscopy. MR imaging is accurate in diagnosing bucket-handle tears. The different MR imaging signs of bucket-handle tears include the double posterior cruciate ligament sign, displaced fragment in intercondylar notch sign, absent bow-tie sign, anterior flipped meniscus sign and coronal truncation sign. Specificity is increased when a combination of the different imaging signs is present. Understanding the meniscal anatomy and potential mimics of the bucket-handle tear is important in order to ensure an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.
Humans ; Knee Injuries ; diagnosis ; Knee Joint ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Menisci, Tibial ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Tibial Meniscus Injuries

Lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage due to enteric fever is uncommon and potentially fatal. The majority of patients recover with conservative treatment, with surgery reserved for life-threatening bleeding. Given the advances in radiologically guided procedures, there have been numerous reports of successful embolisation for gastrointestinal haemorrhage, although few of these involved enteric fever as the causative agent. We report an uncommon case of haemorrhagic enteric fever treated successfully with embolisation using polyvinyl alcohol particles and coils.
Adult ; Angiography ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; instrumentation ; methods ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; therapy ; Humans ; Polyvinyl Alcohol ; chemistry ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; Typhoid Fever ; therapy

Objective To investigate the effect of embryotrophic factors(ETF)from human oviductal cells on gene expression of mouse early developmental embryos and discuss the role of fallopian tube in early development of embryos.Methods ETF was isolated from conditioned medium of human oviductal cell line by sequential liquid chromatographic systems.Mouse embryos were treated by ETF in vitro.Using differential display RT-PCR,the gene expression of embryos treated by ETF was compared with embryos without ETF treatment.The differentially expressed genes were separated,re-amplified,cloned and sequenced.Results Gene expression profiles of embryos with ETF treatment was different from embryos without this treatment.Eight differentially expressed genes were cloned and sequenced.These genes functioned in RNA degradation,synthesis,splicing,protein trafficking,cellular differentiation and embryo development.Conclusion Embryotrophic factors from human oviductal cells affect gene expression of early developmental embryos.The human oviductal cells play wide roles in early developmental stages of embryos.

INTRODUCTIONTrauma is the fifth principal cause of death in Singapore, with traumatic brain injury (TBI) being the leading specific subordinate cause.

METHODSThis study was an eight-year retrospective review of the demographic profiles of patients with severe TBI who were admitted to the neurointensive care unit (NICU) of the National Neuroscience Institute at Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, between 2004 and 2011.

RESULTSA total of 780 TBI patients were admitted during the study period; 365 (46.8%) patients sustained severe TBI (i.e. Glasgow Coma Scale score ≤ 8), with the majority (75.3%) being male. The ages of patients with severe TBI ranged from 14-93 years, with a bimodal preponderance in young adults (i.e. 21-40 years) and elderly persons (i.e. > 60 years). Motor vehicle accidents (48.8%) and falls (42.5%) were the main mechanisms of injury. Invasive line monitoring was frequently employed; invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring and central venous pressure monitoring were used in 81.6% and 60.0% of the patients, respectively, while intracranial pressure (ICP) measurement was required in 47.4% of the patients. The use of tiered therapy to control ICP (e.g. sedation, osmotherapy, cerebrospinal fluid drainage, moderate hyperventilation and barbiturate-induced coma) converged with international practices.

CONCLUSIONThe high-risk groups for severe TBI were young adults and elderly persons involved in motor vehicle accidents and falls, respectively. In the NICU, the care of patients with severe TBI requires heavy utilisation of resources. The healthcare burden of these patients extends beyond the acute critical care phase.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic ; economics ; epidemiology ; therapy ; Critical Care ; economics ; statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; economics ; statistics & numerical data ; Intracranial Pressure ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Public Health ; Resource Allocation ; Retrospective Studies ; Singapore ; Young Adult