Communicable Disease Control ; Global Health ; Humans ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; prevention & control

ObjectiveTo study the impact of quercetin on LPS-stimulated macrophage inflammatory cytokine release.MethodsDetermined by MTT assay with different concentrations of quercetin on the activity of RAW 264.7 cells.Cells were divided into five groups:A (control group),B group (LPS intervention group),C (LPS+quercetin 50 μmol/L),D group (LPS+quercetin 150 μmol/L) and E group (LPS+quercetin 250 μmol/L).Cells expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88) and NF-kappa B (p65) mRNA in each group was determined by real-time determination; Supematant IL-6 and TNF-α secretion level was tested by ELISA determination.ResultsThe quercetin at 0 to 250 μmol/L concentration range on the activity of RAW 264.7 cells did not significantly affect.Compared with the control group,quercetin can effectively reduce the level of LPS-induced TLR4 and of MyD88 and of NF-κB (p65) of rmRNA expression and supematant IL-6 and TNF-α secretion,and dose-dependent manner(P＜0.01).ConclusionQuercetin may reduce macrophage inflammatory cytokine secretion by inhibiting the activation of TLR-Myd88-NF-κB pathway.

AIM: To investigate the changes of serum angiogenic factors including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF) in Mongolia patients with diabetic retinopathy ( DR) and to explore their roles in the progress of DR.
METHODS: Eighty - three patients with diabetes were divided into three groups according to the retinopathy, no DR group ( NDR, 25 cases), background DR ( NPDR, 31 cases) and proliferative DR group (PDR, 27 cases), and 36 age - matched healthy people ( control group) were selected. Serum concentrations of VEGF and bFGF were measured using ELISA method.
RESULTS: In Mongolia patients with diabetes, the serum concentrations of VEGF and bFGF were higher than those in control group; the serum concentrations of VEGF and bFGF in PDR group was higher than those of NDR and NPDR group (P< 0. 05); the concentrations of VEGF and bFGF in NPDR group was higher than that of NDR group (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: High level of VEGF and bFGF may be the important pathogenic factors for DR in Mongolia patients.

Clinical teaching and studying is suffering increasing hardship.This article analysises the present condition of clinical education problems and causes,and researches whether patients are obliged to coorperate clinical teaching and studying when they protect their rights.It also researches how to practice clinical teaching and studying in educational hospital and looks for effective pathway to go out of the clinical education problem.

Objective To explore predictive value of baseline red cell distribution width (RDW) determined in a routine blood count for severity of chronic heart failure (CHF) and mortality during hospitalization.Methods The study group comprised 135 patients hospitalized in the our hospital with CHF in the Ⅱ ～ Ⅳ class according to New York Heart Association (NYHA).The control group included 44 patients in class Ⅰ.Hematological and biochemical parameters were obtained and compared among groups.Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used for assessing predictive values.Results RDW increased significantly in class Ⅲ and Ⅳ compared to class Ⅰ [(14.3 ±2.3)％ and (14.3 ± 1.7)％ vs (12.9 ±0.8)％,P ＜0.01].Areas under ROCs (AUCs) of RDW,N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) for class Ⅳ HF was 0.817 and 0.840,respectively.RDW was significantly elevated in mortality group compared to survival group [(15.8 ± 1.8)％ vs (13.7 ± 1.7) ％,P ＜ 0.01],predictive value of RDW was lower than that of NT-proBNP but was comparable to white blood cell (WBC),neutrophil (NEU),lymphocyte (L),and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (N/L) for mortality during hospitalization with AUCs (0.837,0.939,0.858,0.891,0.885,and 0.885,respectively).RDW and NT-proBNP showed low predictive values for repeated admission (≥3).RDW was an independent risk factor for mortality (OR =2.531,95％ CI:1.371 ～4.671).Conclusions RDW increased significantly in class Ⅲ and Ⅳ patients and death group.The predictive value of RDW is comparable to NT-proBNP for class Ⅳ and lower than that of NT-proBNP for mortality.Elevated RDW is an independent risk factor for mortality.

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), the natural receptor of lipopolysaccharide(LPS), plays an important role in the regulation of acute inflammation, intracellular signal transduction and cell apoptosis. TLR4 over expresses in both acute inflammation and fibrotic tissues, which suggests that TLR4 may be essential in acute inflammation and subsequent fibrosis. Nowadays, some progress has been made in the exploration of TLR4 in pathogenesis and treatment of liver cirrhosis and pulmonary fibrosis. TLR4 may become a new target in the treatment of human fibrotic diseases including liver cirrhosis and pulmonary fibrosis. The research status of TLR4 in human fibrotic diseases and its future development are reviewed in this paper.

PurposeDiffusion weighted imaging (DWI) can significantly improve the diagnosis of non-enlarged lymph node metastasis. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between the DWI findings and the prognosis, and to identify prognostic factors.Materials and Methods Forty-seven patients with colorectal cancer underwent MRI scan including DWI sequence before surgery. Imaging ifndings were compared with the pathologic results to determine the metastatic lymph nodes (DWI positive) or non-metastatic lymph nodes (DWI negative). Postoperative disease-free survival and overall survival for 5 years of the patients with DWI positive and DWI negative lymph nodes were compared. Correlation between the prognosis and the related factors were investigated including regional DWI-positive lymph nodes, short axis diameter and long axis diameter of the largest DWI-positive lymph node, and number of DWI-positive nodes.Results Of 47 patients,10 (21%) patients had regional DWI-positive lymph nodes showed high signal intensity on diffusion-weighted images. The patients with regional DWI negative lymph nodes had a signiifcant better ifve-year disease-free survival and overall survival (P<0.05). The short axis diameter of the largest DWI-positive lymph node was correlated with distant metastasis (AUC=0.77,P<0.05). The short axis diameter and long axis diameter of the maximum metastatic lymph nodes were correlated with overall survival (AUC=0.84 and 0.75,P<0.05). Five-year disease-free survival and overall survival of the patients with short axis diameter of the largest DWI-positive lymph node ≤9 mm were higher than the patients with lymph node short axis diameter >9 mm (P<0.05). Five-year disease-free survival and overall survival of the patients with long axis diameter of the largest DWI-positive lymph nodes ≤11 mm were higher than the patients with long axis diameter >11 mm (P<0.05). Five-year disease-free survival of the patients with all DWI positive lymph nodes resected was higher than the patient without DWI-positive lymph nodes resected (P<0.05).Conclusion The patients with regional DWI-negative lymph node had a better prognosis. Of the patients with DWI-positive lymph nodes, the patients with smaller lymph nodes have better prognosis than who have larger lymph nodes.

Public cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)is an important strategy and method to deal with sudden cardiac death outside hospital by relying on the wisdom and strength of the whole society in China. The article summarizes the definition of public CPR, the subject of implementation, the core of construction and the implementation steps. With the support and guidance of the government, the public should join together,with the construction of the first responder, automatic external defibrillator and comprehensive prevention and control system as the core, and promote the implementation of training,practice and scientific research to achieve the ultimate goal.

Objective To assess the feasibility of heterogeneous acellular dermal matrix(ADM)seeded with adipose derived stem cells(ADSC)for urethroplasty in a rabbit model.Methods ADSC were isolated from a rabbit and expanded in vitro,then identified by flow cytometry.We seeded ADSC onto the ADM and made it into tissue-engineered urethra.12 male rabbits were removed 1 cm urethra and divided into experiment group and control group.There were 6 rabbits in each group.Reconstructed urethra with tissueengineered urethra was used in experiment group,while unseeded ADM were used in control group.Urethrography was performed at 6 months after surgery.The animals were scarified at 3 and 6 months after surgery and the repaired urethra were harvested.H&E staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed with cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and smooth muscle desmin makers.Results The morphology of isolated ADSC was with long spindle cross-links,and had multicentral growth.Flow cytometry showed that the ADSC expressed CD166,CD105,CD90 and CD44,but not expressed CD45 and CD13.The cells could growth well on the ADM and showed good biocompatibility with it.All animals could void normally,urethrography showed there was no significant stenosis.3 months after surgery,the experiment group appeared regenerated smooth muscle but not in the control group,both groups did not regenerate urothelium.At 6 months urothelium and smooth muscle cells could be observed in the experiment group,but only the smooth muscle was evident in the control group.Conclusions By applying tissue engineering methods,we can seed the ADSC onto the heterogeneous ADM and make it into tissue-engineered urethra,which can help improve the reconstructive effect of urethra.

Objective To investigate the role of skin homing T lymphocytes in the development of psoriasis vulgaris(PV). Methods Indirect immunofluorescent double staining technique was employed to study the expression of infiltrating skin homing T lymphocytes in normal, uninvolved perilesional and lesional psoriatic skin in different stages (progressing, stable or regressing) and in normal human skin. Results ①Expression of cutaneous lymphocyte associated antigen (CLA) was found in the majority of CD3+T lymphocytes in normal human skin and in lesions of PV, and CD45RO phenotype was expressed in almost all CLA+T lymphocytes. ②In psoriatic lesions, the number of CD4+CLA+and CD8+CLA+cells was higher in progressive stage than that in stable stage(P