Objectives: The purpose of our study is to examine characteristics of body composition and anthropometric measurements in older Mongolian adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 268 individuals aged 45 years and older who visited national hospitals over a period of one month. Body weight, BMI, waist circumference (WC) and other body circumferences, and body composition (body fat percentages, fat-free mass index, skeletal mass index) were measured and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score was used to test the physical performance. Results: The sample was composed of 73.7% women and 26.3% men, and the mean age was 58.1±8.9. All measurements were relatively higher than the normal range in older Mongolian adults. Obesity in women was relatively higher than men. 77.1% of all participants were obese according to BMI, 92.5% were obese according to body fat percentage, and 96.2% were centrally obese according to WC. Among people aged 45-64 years, prevalence of obesity increased and then decreased in ages 65-74 years. Age was significantly correlated with WC and the SPPB score was indirectly correlated with age (p<0.05). Conclusion: Obesity in older Mongolian adults is comparatively higher for women and tends to increase with age.

Objectives: Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM) is a malignant disease of the B lymphocytes. We report on a patient in Mongolia having WM complicated with hyperviscosity syndrome. Methods: A 28 year-old Mongolian woman had symptoms due to hyperviscosity syndrome such as vision loss, headache, dizziness and, epistaxis. Upon examination, her morphology, biochemistry, histology, flow cytometry and serum protein electrophoresis indicated WM complicated with hyperviscosity syndrome. Results: The patient was was successfully treated with a combination chemotherapy and plasmapheresis. Conclusion: Hyperviscosity syndrome manifestations should be treated with plasmapheresis.