Objective To study the clinical presentations,risk factors of delayed infection a fter AF internal fixation and find out an eff ective treatment for this complication.Methods Eight cases of delayed infection following AF internal fix ation were reviewed.Clinical sympt oms,laboratory tests and culture re ports were studied.All patients were treated with debridement,instrumentation removal and irrigation.The woun d was primary closed followed by posto perative administration of antibio tics.The specimen obtained in the op-eration was sent to bacteria culture.Results These 8patients experienced develo pment of late infection in10-27months(a mean of 18months)after the initial procedure.The cli nical presentations were variable b ut all patients reported back pain and t he development of draining sinus.Si x patients had elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate.None had elevated white blood cell counts.After re-operation,all patients gained reli ef of back pain and the wounds were healed u p.Low-virulence skin normal organi sms were yielded in 4cases with general culture.Conclusion These late infections after AF internal fixation may have been caused by i n-traoperative contamination.The in fection affect deep soft tissue with out involving the bone.It can be suc-cessfully treated with debridement ,device removal and irrigation,primary skin closure and short-term an-tibiotics.[

Nine female patients underwent resection of the middle and distal urethra and the urethra was reconstructed with labia majora fasciocutaneous flap.During the operation the bilateral inner side partial flap of labia majora was taken,and penetrated through the tunnel under the labia minora to the urethral incision,then the flap was sutured as tube-shaped and anastomosed with the urethral incision to reconstruct the urethra.Patients were followed-up for up to 11 years,all patients had normal urination,except 1 patient with adenocarcinoma who developed urinary incontinence 1 month after operation and recovered by pelvic floor muscle training.The application of labia majora fasciocutaneous flap is a safe and effective procedure with less trauma and fewer complications in reconstruction of female middle and distal urethra.