AIM: To evaluate Ribbond ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber (UMWPF) on hamster's pouch by oral membrane irritation. METHODS: Experiments were performed at the Animal Experimental Center of Henan Province from July to December 2004. Ten healthy male golden hamsters aged 60-70 days were selected. The samples of UMWPF, positive and negative control group (n=10, diameter 4 mm, thickness 1 mm) were fixed on the oral membrane of hamster's pouch with medical thread. The thread should pass through membrane and fixed on the animals' skin. The experimental samples were on the one side of pouch membrane (UMWPF toward membrane); the positive and negative samples were on the cephalic and tail of the other side respectively. After two weeks' systemic and local observation, the local oral membrane specimens were viewed under microscope. RESULTS: Totally 10 hamsters were included in the final analysis. ①2 weeks after the surgery, the animals pouch membrane contacting with the experiment and negative samples showed no hyperemia, hydrops, erosion or ulcer, and where positive samples contacted showed rough; 7 of them showed light hyperemia and hydrops. ②The epithelia layer of the animal membrane contacting with experiment and negative samples were complete, which cells were in order, epithelial processes stretched to the basal layer. There was no inflammatory cells infiltration, congestion or edema in the connective tissue, but which showed contrast in the positive group. ③The epithelial cells of the experiment and negative groups had no changes in morphology, while in the positive group a few cells swelled and their nucleolus were more clear than normal, and their shapes were circle which was different from normal. There were no systemic or local abnormal response to UMWPF and that the histopathological findings were also normal. CONCLUSION: Ribbond ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber has no abnormal irritating response to oral membrane of golden hamster.

ObjectivesTo investigate the composition of clinical classiifcation and pathological patterns and their rela-tionships and change in children with renal disease undergoing biopsy.MethodsA retrospective analysis of pathological and clinical data obtained from children (≤14 year) with renal disease undergoing biopsy from 1984-1997 and from 1998-2011 was performed.ResultsOne thousand four hundred and sixty-two children underwent renal biopsy in 28 years, and 1313 patients were recruited in this study, 824 males (62.8%) and 489 females (37.2%). The mean age was 9 years and 4 months at renal biopsy. There were 921 children (70.1%) with primary glomerular disease (PGD) and 312 children (23.8%) with secondary glomerular disease (SDG). The main clinical classiifcations of PGD were nephrotic syndrome (NS, 31.2%), isolated hematuria (IH, 16.1%), and acute glomerulonephritis (AGN, 11.0%). The main pathological patterns of PGD were IgA nephrop-athy (IgAN, 27.6%), minimal change disease (MCD, 24.0%), and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN, 16.9%). The main causes of SGD were lupus nephritis (LN, 40.7%), Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura nephritis (HSPN, 34.3%), and hepatitis B virus related glomerulonephritis (HBV-GN, 19.6%). In this 28 years, the composition of PGD was decreased, however, the compositions of SGD and other renal diseases were increased. Compared with 1984-1997, the pathological manifestations of IgAN, MCD and focal segmental glomeralosclerosis were increased, MsPGN, IgMN, and crescentic glomerulonephritis were decreased in 1998-2011. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In SGD patients, HBV-GN was significantly decreased (P<0.05).ConclusionsPGD is the main disease in children undergoing renal biopsy. IgAN is the most common pathological pattern. NS is the most common clinical classiifcation. In this 28 years, the composition of PGD is decreased, SGD and other renal diseases are increased in children undergoing renal biopsy.