Poststroke aphasia is an acquired language disorder caused by stroke.It seriously affects the social ability in patients and reduces their quality of life.It might be an unbearable burden on the family and on society.However,the traditional treatment of aphasia has no positive effect.Therefore,pharmacotherapy of aphasia has received much attention.This article reviews the recent progress in researches on pharmacotherapy of poststroke aphasia.

This paper describes a calibration phantom system for QCT bone mineral density determination, which consists of 4-standard-solid-sample calibration phantom, a quality assurance (QA) phantom and the bone mineral density analysis software. The system adds to the new applications of CT systems, and provides a new method with a good accuracy and reliability for the examination, diagnosis, prevention, treatment of osteoporosis diseases and the observation of curative effect of drugs.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; instrumentation ; methods ; Algorithms ; Animals ; Bone Density ; Calibration ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Osteoporosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Software ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; instrumentation ; methods

Apoptosis of PK-15 cells induced by Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) in vitro was reported in this paper. Typical cell apoptosis was detected by use of Hoechst 33258 fluorescence probe, agarose gel electrophoresis and in situ end-labeling (TUNEL). After PK-15 cells were infected by titration of 4.8 lg TCID50/mL FMDV for 32 h, apoptosis characteristics of nuclear condensation, fragmentation, accompanied by apoptotic bodies formation (Hoechst 33258 staining), 180-200 integer-fold sized pieces DNA Ladders (agarose gel electrophoresis) and strong green fluorescence dots (TUNEL) were all exhibited, and cell apoptosis was approximately 20%. In addition, the quantitative analysis of apoptosis in PK-15 cells induced by FMDV showed that apoptosis was correlated with infection of virus, and it was also time-dependent. Results indicate that FMDV can induce apoptosis of host cells and apoptosis plays an important role in the cytopathogencity effect of FMDV.

OBJECTIVEAn HPLC method was developed to determinate Ibuprofen and Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride and Chlorpheniramine Maleate in Compound BuluoWeimaNamin Tablets.

METHODSUsing HPLC with Kromasil C18 column, and acetonitrile -0.5% SDS- phosphate (580:420:1) as the mobile phase. The wavelength for detection was 262 nm.

RESULTSBetter linearities and good correlation coefficients were obtained: the concentration ranges of ibuprofen, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and chlorpheniramine maleate were over 2.062-14.434 microg (r=0.9999), 0.296-2.072l microg (r=0.9999), and 0.0204~0.1428 microg (r=0.9998), respectively. The recoveries of ibuprofen, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and chlorpheniramine maleate were 99.98% (RSD=0.52%), 99.72 (RSD=0.82%) and 99.545 (RSD=0.76%), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe method was convenient, accurate and specific. It can be used as a method to control quality of Compound Buluoweimanamin Tablets.

Chlorpheniramine ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Ibuprofen ; analysis ; Pseudoephedrine ; analysis ; Tablets ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo establish a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatorgraphy (RP-HPLC) method for detecting the dencichine in Panax notoginseng extracts and drug preparations.

METHODDencichine was extracted with the borate buffer (pH 9. 18) and the clear supernatant was used for the derivatization. Pre-column derivatization was performed using 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC) to form derivatives. The mobile phase consisted of methanol and 0. 05 mol x L( -1) NaH2 PO4 (48: 52) (pH adjusted to 7.4 with NaOH solution) in a flow rate of 1.0 mL m min(-1). The ultraviolet (UV) detection wavelength was set at 262 nm.

RESULTThe linearity was demonstrated over a wide range of concentration from 1.76 mg L(-1) to 352 mg x L(-1) for dencichine. The detection limit was determined to be 60 microg x L(-1). The derivative was stable and the derivatization agent did not influence the measurement of dencichine. The average recovery rate was 95. 3% and the relative standard derivation (RSD) was 1. 7%. The method was used to determine dencichine in different P. notoginseng extracts and drug preparations.

CONCLUSIONThis method is simple, fast and sensitive, suitable for determining the dencichine in P. notoginseng extracts and drug preparations as well as for the study of the dencichine metabolism in vivo.

Amino Acids, Diamino ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Fluorenes ; chemistry ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results

OBJECTIVETo construct a mineralized collagen based composite by biomimetic synthesis for bone tissue engineering.

METHODSUsing the molecular collagen as the template, the calcium phosphate is deposited on it to produce a mineralized collagen based composite, then is combined with minute amount of poly lactic acid (PLA), the three-dimensional scaffold composite is prepared by liquid phase separation. Using osteoblast culture technique, the biocompatibility of this biomaterial in vitro is detected by x-ray diffraction, SEM, TEM, fluoroscopy and CLSM.

RESULTSBoth degree and the size of crystals in the composite are low, which are similar to that of nature bone. It possesses porous structure and the porosity of the composite is high. The typical fibrillar microstructure is self-assembled of the collagen and the nano-crystal hydroxyapatite (HA) in the composite, moreover, the x-ray diffraction graphic of HA crystal shows the [002]-oriented.

CONCLUSIONSThe biomimetic three-dimensional composite can serve as one of the optimal scaffold material for bone tissue engineering both on structure and on property.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Bone Substitutes ; Calcium Phosphates ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen ; chemistry ; Lactic Acid ; chemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Osseointegration ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; Polyesters ; Polymers ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tissue Engineering

Allergic diseases is a major worldwide health problem.The abnormal structure of intestinal microbiota is closely related to the occurrence and development of allergic diseases.The formation of intestinal microbiota in early life is influenced by many factors,such as the mode of delivery,feeding methods,the addition of probiotics or prebiotics,heredity and so on.The abnormal structure of intestinal microbiota in early life is an important factor influencing the occurrence of allergic diseases in the later life.In this paper, we will discuss the relationship between the abnormal structure of intestinal microbiota in early life and allergic diseases with the latest literature.

OBJECTIVETo establish a neonatal pig model of hemolytic jaundice.

METHODSTwelve seven-day-old purebred Yorkshire pigs were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group (n=6 each). Immunization of New Zealand white rabbits was used to prepare rabbit anti-porcine red blood cell antibodies, and rabbit anti-porcine red blood cell serum was separated. The neonatal pigs in the experimental group were given an intravenous injection of rabbit anti-porcine red blood cell serum (5 mL), and those in the control group were given an intravenous injection of normal saline (5 mL). Venous blood samples were collected every 6 hours for routine blood test and liver function evaluation.

RESULTSThe experimental group had a significantly higher serum bilirubin level than the control group at 18 hours after the injection of rabbit anti-porcine red blood cell serum (64±30 μmol/L vs 20±4 μmol/L; P<0.05). In the experimental group, the serum bilirubin level reached the peak at 48 hours (275±31 μmol/L), and decreased significantly at 96 hours after the injection (95±17 μmol/L), but all significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). At 18 hours after the injection, the experimental group had a significantly lower red blood cell (RBC) count than the control group [(4.58±0.32)×10(12)/L vs (5.09±0.44)×10(12)/L; P<0.05]; at 24 hours, the experimental group showed further reductions in RBC count and hemoglobin level and had significantly lower RBC count and hemoglobin level than the control group [RBC: (4.21±0.24)×10(12)/L vs (5.11±0.39)×10(12)/L, P<0.05; hemoglobin: 87±3 g vs 97±6 g, P<0.05]. The differences in RBC count and hemoglobin level between the two groups were largest at 36-48 hours.

CONCLUSIONSThe neonatal pig model of hemolytic jaundice simulates the pathological process of human hemolytic jaundice well and provides good biological and material bases for further investigation of neonatal hemolysis.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Bilirubin ; blood ; Disease Models, Animal ; Erythrocyte Count ; Female ; Hemoglobins ; analysis ; Jaundice ; etiology ; Male ; Rabbits ; Swine

OBJECTIVESerum pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) is increased in acute coronary syndrome patients and related to prognosis. We investigated the effects of C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on PAPP-A mRNA expression in monocytes.

METHODSMonocytes were isolated by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation from blood of healthy volunteers. The PAPP-A expressions at mRNA level post CRP or rhTNF-alpha stimulation were measured by RT-PCR.

RESULTSPAPP-A mRNA expression in peripheral blood monocytes increased 2 hours (0.2128 +/- 0.0136) and peaked 24 hours (0.6837 +/- 0.1360) after CRP (20 mg/L) stimulation compared with control group (0.1842 +/- 0.0101). PAPP-A mRNA expression increased rapidly, peaked 2 hours (1.2546 +/- 0.0866) and remained elevated up to 24 hours (0.8203 +/- 0.0413) after rhTNF-alpha (100 ng/ml) stimulation. The effects of CRP and TNF-alpha were dose-dependent. PAPP-A mRNA expression of monocytes were 0.2544 +/- 0.0611, 0.4177 +/- 0.1200, 0.5828 +/- 0.0152, 0.6837 +/- 0.1360 after stimulated with CRP (1, 5, 10, 20 mg/L), and 0.2424 +/- 0.1378, 0.3335 +/- 0.0196, 0.5742 +/- 0.0131, 0.6913 +/- 0.0219 and 0.8203 +/- 0.0413 after stimulated with rhTNF-alpha (5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 ng/ml). Actinomycin D, the DNA-directed RNA polymerase inhibitor, completely blocked CRP and TNF-alpha induced PAPP-A expression.

CONCLUSIONSPAPP-A mRNA expression could be stimulated by CRP and TNF-alpha in human peripheral blood monocytes which might be responsible for the increased serum PAPP-A level in patients with acute coronary syndromes.

C-Reactive Protein ; adverse effects ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Monocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVEUsing Markov model Monte Carlo simulation to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of screening Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection to prevent gastric cancer.

METHODSThe Markov model was developed based on the natural course from H. pylori infection to gastric cancer. Two strategies were compared: (1) screening for H. pylori and treatment for those with positive tests, and (2) without screening and treatment. Data used for model simulation including transition probability, efficacy of test and treatment were collected from related research publications. Markov model Monte Carlo simulation combined with bootstrap method was used to perform base-case analysis and estimate the confidence interval of cost-effectiveness ratios. The probability sensitivity analysis was used to estimate the cost-effectiveness in multiple uncertainty factors.

RESULTSAssuming H. pylori eradication will prevent 50% of attribute gastric cancer, the screening strategies would prevent 16.6% cases of gastric cancer. Cost-effectiveness were 10,405 Yuan (95% CI: 4,238 - 27,727 Yuan) per GC prevented, 64 Yuan (95% CI: 31 - 97 Yuan) per QALY saved and 1,374 Yuan (95% CI: 352 - 86,624 Yuan) per life year saved.

CONCLUSIONScreening and treatment for H. pylori infection in population was potentially effective in the prevention of gastric cancer, and screening in high incidence area of gastric cancer would be more effective and economic.

Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Helicobacter Infections ; complications ; diagnosis ; Helicobacter pylori ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Markov Chains ; Probability ; Stomach Neoplasms ; prevention & control