Sand bathing is a method of Uighur medical treatment that use natural conditions to treat diseases at Turpan, China. Its effects on heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, body weight and rheumatoid arthritis were discussed in various patients. Reduction in body weight (absolute decrease 1.46±3.8kg) was observed one hour after completing at 50-60°C sand bathing. The heart rate (absolute increase 16.33±7.5/min), systolic blood pressure (absolute increase 4.05±16.6mmHg) and body temperature (absolute increase 1.02±0.2°C) inceased gradually after 10 minute sand bathing and decreased gradually in 10 minutes after the sand bathing in 91 patients. Since heart rate and blood pressure could not recover after completing the sand bathing in a small part of patients, we considered that hypertensive patients should pay attention to taking the sand bathing. For 21 patients (70.0%) of 30 rheumatoid arthritis patiens treated by serial sand bathing for 15 days, joint pain was relieved signifcantly. However, for 5patients (16.7%) treated by the serial sand bathing, joint pain was not changed. For 4 patients (13.3%) treated by the sand bathing joint pain was worsened. From the above results it was considered that sand bathing may exert rather benfcial effects on rheumatoid arthritis patients.