Coating agents are used in medicine to protect tablets from air or moisture, to mask bitter tastes, or to provide special characteristics for drug release, such as enteric release. There are three main coatings: sugar coating , film coating, and enteric-coating. In this review, we discuss the status of the most commonly used pharmaceutical film coating materials and data were obtained from electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and other scientific websites. There are various materials for creating a tablet coating, but the most commonly used material is a water soluble polymer which is used for making a water-soluble film coating.

Excipients are important in the composition of drugs and are the most important requirements for maintaining the stability of drug form, dosage, and physicochemical parameters. Excipients act as protective agents, bulking agents and can also be used to improve bioavailability of drugs in some instances Auxiliary substances included in the composition of medicines are classified as natural, animal, synthetic and semisynthetic. Excipients can become inactive due to chemical, microbiological and physiological effects. Commonly used pharmaceutical excipients are fillers, stabilizers, preservatives, flavor and aroma modifiers, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, lubricants, solvents, and coating agents. Excipients can be considered as indispensible component of medicinal products and in most of the formulations they are present in greater proportion with regards to active pharmaceutical ingredient, as it forms the bulk of the formulation it is always necessary to select an excipient which satisfies the ideal properties for a particular excipient. In this review, materials about coating agents widely used in pharmaceutical practice were compiled from electronic databases such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, and other scientific web pages, using keywords such as Drug excipient interaction, Stability in Oral Solid, and Excipient. .

The incorporation of botanical elements such as Inula helenium L., Astragalus mongolicus Bge., Iris tenuifolia Pall., Ribes diacanthum Pall., and Oxytropis pseudoglandulosa Grubov plays a pivotal role in the formulation of immune-enhancing and kidney-protective Mongolian traditional medicines. These herbal constituents bear rich historical significance in traditional remedies. Ensuring the purity of these herbs is a vital stride in the production of efficacious supplements and medications. Thus, meticulous decontamination of microorganisms assumes paramount importance. The selection of an appropriate sterilization method is important for manufacturers. Sterilization methods divide within three main categories: thermal, chemical, and radiation. This spectrum encompasses many techniques, ranging from moist heat and dry heat to gamma irradiation, ethylene oxide, ozone, and UV treatment. This comprehensive review discusses the efficacy of gamma irradiation, dry heat, moist heat, and chemical treatments, presenting a comparative analysis of their merits. Practically, heat sterilization emerges as a simple and cost-efficient choice. The utilization of an autoclave, subjecting powdered spice paprika to temperatures between 108-125°C for 120 seconds, yielded a substantial reduction in microbial load without compromising the integral bioactive compounds. Gamma irradiation, a common practice in the healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors, stands as another choice in the area of sterilization techniques. Beyond sterilization, upholding rigorous standards of sanitation and hygiene remains a key in the preparations of medicinal plants.

Abstract Saposhnikovia divaricata, a perennial herb belonging to the family Umbelliferae, is widely distributed in many provinces of Mongolia. The dried root of Saposhnikovia divaricata has been used for the treatment of arthritis and as a painkiller in Mongolian folk medicine. Moreover, its dried root (Radix Saposhnikoviae) is used as a Chinese herbal medicine for the therapy of immune system, nervous system, and respiratory diseases. According to phytochemical and pharmacological studies, the main ingredients of Saposhnikovia divaricata are chromones, coumarins, acid esters, and polyacetylenes. These compounds indicate anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, antiproliferative, and immunoregulatory activities. Cimifugin is an active ketone ingredient from Saposhnikovia divaricate, Rhizoma cimicifugae. Cimifugin has been reported to have bacteriostatic and antiviral effects. Studies have reported that cimifugin inhibits allergic inflammation by reducing the levels of cytokines. The aim of this review is to provide extensive information on the traditional use, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology mechanism of action, and health products from Saposhnikovia divaricata .

Introduction: Since 1993, the Inula helenium L. plant has been planted in the production area (Bulgan Province, Dashinchilen Sum) of the Traditional Hatchery Science and Production Corporation’s medicinal plant introduction and cultivation experience. At the Drug Research Institute, there is also a botanical institute for medicinal plants where it is grown. In traditional Mongolian medicine, the roots and rhizomes of Inula helenium L. are used to reduce inflammation, boost immunity, enhance hunger, and improve intestinal motility. Inula helenium L. roots and rhizomes contain biologically active compounds such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, phenols, flavonoids, and polysaccharides. Methods: The roots and rhizomes of Inula helenium L. were extracted with water and 70% ethanol at the following ratios 1:10 (2% of WAC), 1:8, and 1:6 by partial maceration at 700C for 2 hours each, extracted and concentrated. The dry extract was obtained by the spray drying procedure. High-performance liquid chromatography for determining the content of alantolactone, thin-layer chromatography for qualitative analysis. Spectrophotometer for determining the content of polyphenolic compounds, colored compounds with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent for qualitative analysis. Spectrophotometer for determining the content of inulin, and colored compounds with phenol and sulfuric acid solutions for qualitative analysis. Conclusion In determining the content of polyphenolic compounds, inulin, and alantolactone in the dry extract taken from the roots and rhizomes of cultivated Inula helenium L., the content of polyphenolic compound in dry extract A was 2.50±0.08%, and alantolactone was 1.39±0.11% in the raw material of the plant, while B dry the extract had a high concentration of inulin of 58.51±0.66%.