No abstract available.
Food Safety

A total of 160 street food samples were examined for microbiological quality and food color additives. All food samples were not used unpermitted food color additive, and the rate of microbiological contamination was 20.6%. No S.aureus were found at the lowest dilution used for all samples of cooked meat. Foods served hot had low bacterial contamination.
Food ; Safety

Safety ; Freedom

This article introduces the process and principles of variety selection for medical device supervision and inspection, and it analyzes the reason and consideration of the variety selection data of national medical device supervision and inspection from 2017 to 2019, it also put forward a collection of selected varieties for reference in the future by sorting out the classified catalogue of medical devices and diagnostic reagents.
Equipment Safety

There is limited evidence to substantially describe the state of Patient Safety (PS) in the Philippines.1,2 With most publications reflecting respondent-based assessments of institutional patient safety culture, patient-sensitive and records-based indicators are scarce.3 Despite the Institute of Medicine’s4 call to action to address preventable errors and the publication of patient safety indicators5, there has been slow progress in patient safety in the country.
Patient Safety

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

There is a call for changes in health professions education to help address current and future challenges. For the effective management of change in institutions involved with health professions education, it is important to consider organizational readiness for change and psychological safety. In organizations, the presence of psychological safety facilitates learning that is integral in organizational development, especially those undergoing changes. There are tools available to measure organizational readiness to change and psychological safety but they are separate and tend to be lengthy. The study developed and validated a brief, straightforward tool that integrates psychological safety in the measurement of organizational readiness for change. It can be useful in the assessment of academic organizations undergoing change in order to facilitate implementation and promote effective change.

The study used a sequential exploratory mixed methods design. A conceptual framework on organizational readiness to change which included psychological safety was developed from a review of literature. Relevant constructs were defined and corresponding questions were constructed and scaled. Five content experts qualitatively assessed the scale and removed items which were redundant, lacked clarity, or were irrelevant. The items were then reviewed by selected participants to ensure face validity. Finally, the questionnaire was administered to members of a unit (N=89) which was undergoing organizational change to ensure construct validity. Construct validity, internal consistency, convergent validity, and discriminant validity were determined using PLS-SEM and yielded acceptable results.

The scale developed addressed components of organizational readiness to change and psychological safety. The scale was deemed to have good content validity by five experts, good face validity as tested by a small pilot group, and acceptable construct validity, internal consistency, convergent validity, and discriminant validity.

The quantitative scale developed for measuring readiness to change was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively, and deemed to have relevance and validity. It can be used by academic units embarking on change initiatives to assess organizational readiness with due consideration for psychological safety. Quantitative results from the tool can be supplemented with qualitative measures such as observations, interviews or focused group discussions to better identify and address areas needing attention. The study has the potential to make a significant contribution to both the theory and practice of change management.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine effects of patient safety culture and burnout on safety management activities with a focus on clinical experience of nurses in general hospitals. METHODS: Self-administered questionnaires were given to nurses in a general hospital in C Province, and 107 questionnaires were used for final analysis. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 21.0 Program for t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression. RESULTS: The highest score as perceived by general hospital nurses for patient safety culture was for 'Immediate superior/Manager'(3.84), for burnout, the highest score was for 'Emotional exhaustion' (4.13), and for safety management activities, the highest score was for 'Prevention of infection' (3.96). Patient safety culture and safety management activities perceived by general hospital nurses showed significant positive correlations (r=.35 p<.001). The correlations between burnout and safety management activities perceived by the nurses showed significant negative correlations (r=-.37, p<.001). Results of hierarchical regression analysis conducted to identify factors that affect safety management activities showed that patient safety culture (β=.40 p<.001) was effective for controlling safety management activities. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate a need to build a patient safety culture that fits the characteristics and situations of various hospitals.
Hospitals, General* ; Humans ; Patient Safety* ; Safety Management*

OBJECTIVES: Approximately 2000 phase-in substances are subject to registration according to the Act on the Registration and Evaluation, etc. of Chemical Substances (KREACH), and the expected testing cost is 2.06 trillion Korean won assuming all the test data required for registration are acquired. The extent to which these enormous test costs can be reduced depends on the availability of existing data that can be used to meet the requirements of the K-REACH we examined the current availability of test data that can be used for chemical substance registration. METHODS: We analyzed the possibility of utilizing the existing test data obtained from 16 reference databases for 369 of 518 kinds of phase-in substances subject to registration that were reported in last October 2014. RESULTS: The physical and chemical properties were available for 57.1% of substances, whereas data regarding human hazards and environmental hazards were available at considerably lower rates, 8.5% and 11.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Physical and chemical properties were available for a fairly high proportion, whereas human hazards and environmental hazards were reported for considerably fewer substances.
Chemical Safety ; Hazardous Substances ; Humans ; Safety Management

This article presents some suggestions about how to strengthen the management of medical devices so as to remove the hidden perils and risks of medical safety.
Equipment Safety ; Equipment and Supplies ; Safety Management

China ; Equipment Safety ; Equipment and Supplies ; Safety Management