1.Symptom Relief for Lymphedema-caused Malignant Soft Tissue Tumors in Two Patients with Advanced Stage Disease
Kenichiro HAMADA ; Seiji IKEDA ; Masaki YOSHIKAWA ; Masaharu SHIMA ; Susumu JOYAMA ; Nobuhito ARAKI
The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 2013;50(6):448-452
Limb lymphedema is a serious complication following surgery or radiation therapy for malignant soft tissue tumors. We have recently experienced two cases where we provided symptomatic relief for lymphedema as part of palliative care for patients with sarcoma in the advanced stage. For the treatment of lymphedema, complex physical therapy (manual lymphatic drainage, compression, and exercise therapy), elevation of the affected limb, and skin care were carried out after ruling out the presence of deep venous thrombosis. Inelastic bandaging provides containment and effectively arrests the progression of swelling that stretches the skin. Since obstructive masses interrupt the entire lymphatic quadrants, lymphatic drainage is focused on creating a collateral flow in the truncal territories and in the limb. No complications associated with treatment were observed. In spite of refractory edema due to disease progression in both cases, the swelling of the affected limb or patients' subjective symptoms were temporarily improved by the treatment. While aiming to reduce swelling, the provision of comfort, relief from pain or other swelling-related symptoms, and maintenance or restoration of function are desirable and beneficial outcomes. Palliative therapy for lymphedema may lead to an improvement of the quality of life (QOL) of patients with sarcoma in the advanced stage.
2.Results of mass screening for breast cancer in rural districts of Akita prefecture.
Akira Suzuki ; Hironori Kato ; Susumu Kishibe ; Yuji Ono ; Cho Morooka ; Kazuhiko Takano ; Tadanobu Watanabe ; Tomio Matsuoka ; Toshio Ikeda ; Takeshi Sugaya
Journal of the Japanese Association of Rural Medicine 1985;34(4):803-807
This present study was conducted among the nine centers of Akita prefectural Welfare Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives. This applied to women over 30 years of age, and carried out following to the standard method of the Japan Cancer Society.
The total of women examined by the first screening from April 1983 to January 1985 amounted to 15903, of which the number of women over 60 years of age was only 7 per cent of the total. According to the type of screening, the number of women slightly more in the center screening than in the local screening. However, in both types of screening, the number of women examined by the combination method, for example, anemia or uteric cancer, was much higher than that of the mass screening for breast cancer alone.
The second screening rates indicaded a marked difference of 0.4 to 21.7 per cent depending on the location of the center. The over-all average for the second screening was 3.8 per cent. As a result of the second screening, breast cancers were detected in 12 cases (0.07%). The breast cancer detection rate increased with age. It is notable that the breast cancer detection rate for women over 60 years of age was 5 times higher than for women over 40 years of age. Among other diseases detected in the second screening were mastpathy (233 cases), fibroadenoma (15 cases), mastitis (40 cases) and others.
As far the stage distribution and screening history for detected breast cancers, 60 per cent of all cancer cases were diagnosed as stage I, and 70 per cent were the initial screening. Seven out of 12 cases were aware the breast lump themselves before the first screening. From this point of view, it was suggested that every women should be educated in order to perform selfexamination.
3.The effects of hyperoxia on exercise tolerance in serious ischemic heart disease patient.
KAZUO TSUYUKI ; NAOKO ONO ; SUSUMU IKEDA ; SACHIKO KAMEDA ; TAMAE OGATA ; YASUO KIMURA ; HIROKI HASE ; TAKAHIRO OKUDA ; MASAHIKO AIHARA ; KENJI NINOMIYA ; KWANGCHOL CHANG ; KUNIO EBINE
Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine 1996;45(2):319-328
A study was conducted to clarify the effect of hyperoxia (HO) on exercise tolerance andhemodynamics in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) . The subjects were 10 patients with serious IHD who showed ischemic ST depression during low-intensity exercise testing. In all subjects, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) was performed using two types of inhalation : normoxia (NO) and HO (O2: 60%, N2: 40%) . Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), elapsed exercise duration and pressure rate product (PRP) were measured, and ECG was recorded during CPX according to the Bruce protocol. The peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) was calculated using the appropriate formula. These data were compared between the NO and HO groups, and the following results were obtained.
ST depressions on ECG, BP, HR and PRP after 20 min of rest showed no changes under NO. The other hand, only ST depression was improved after 20 min of rest under HO. The exercise duration in HO group was longer than in the NO group, and the VO2peak in the HO group was higher than in the NO group. However, peak RPE showed no significant difference between the HO and NO groups. The incidence of ST depression as an endpoint of CPX showed no significant difference between the two groups. BP, HR and PRP at the CPX endpoint showed no significant differences between the HO and NO groups. In patients whose exercise duration was prolonged beyond the mean value by HO, peak HR and PRP were increased significantly. However, this tendency was not seen in patients whose exercise was prolonged for less than the mean value.
In conclusion, these results suggest that an increase in the oxygen supply to peripheral working muscles may play an important role in increasing exercise tolerance under HO in IHD patients.
4.Chronic Kidney Disease As a Risk Factor of Stroke
Kenji KIKUCHI ; Kazuo SUZUKI ; Hisashi KOJIMA ; Katsuya FUTAWATARI ; Kenji MURAISHI ; Yoshitaka SUDA ; Junkoh SASAKI ; Susumu FUSHIMI ; Yasunari OTAWARA ; Toshirou OOTSUKA ; Hidehiko ENDO ; Makie TANAKA ; Naoko SUZUKI ; Kimiyo TAKAHASHI ; Yuko KIKUCHI ; Kozue IKEDA ; Mutsumi NITTA ; Mikiko FUJIWARA ; Miyuki NANBU ; Akiko TAKAHASHI ; Shousaku OGASAWARA
Journal of the Japanese Association of Rural Medicine 2014;63(4):596-605
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has recently been reported to be an independent risk factor for stroke. However, a detailed analysis was yet to be conducted according to stroke subtype. We attempted to determine the risk factors for stroke using data from the “specific health checkup” for metabolic syndrome conducted by the 9 hospitals affiliated with the Akita Prefectural Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives, and evaluate and determine the risk factors for stroke. There were 401 patients who had undergone metabolic syndrome checkups from 2007 and 2010 and suffered from stroke afterwards within 3 years after the screening. The controls were all 69,407 subjects who were screened during the same period. The predictors examined were sex, age, blood pressure, BMI, cholesterol values (HDL・LDL), history of diabetes mellitus, presence of atrial fibrillation, CKD, and drinking and smoking habits. Analysis was conducted using logistic regression. The risk factors for stroke as a whole were male sex, age, blood pressure, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, CKD, and smoking history. For cerebral infarction, the risk factors were male sex, age, blood pressure, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, CKD, and smoking habit. The risk factors for cerebral hemorrhage were age, blood pressure, and CKD. For subarachnoid hemorrhage, the risk factors were female sex, age, blood pressure, low HDLemia, and CKD. In conclusion, CKD is an independent risk factor for the 3 subtypes of stroke, and in particular plays an important role as a higher risk factor for cerebral hemorrhage. Smoking cessation and controls of blood pressure, diabetes and atrial fibrillation are the important measures for stroke prevention. In addition, the further intervention should also be targeted to those with the result of CKD revealed by specific health checkups.