Objective To compare the positive rates and complications of ultrasound?guided transperi?neal and transrectal prostate biopsies with 12+X method. Methods From January 2011 to January 2015,252 cases patients underwent ultrasound?guided prostate biopsies with 12+X method for suspected prostate carcinoma were selected as research subjects,including 114 cases were perineal puncture( transperineal group) and 138 ca?ses were transrectal puncture( transrectal group) . The positive rates and complications of biopsy were compared between the two groups. Results The positive rates in the transperineal and transrectal groups were 43. 5%( 50/114) and 41. 3%( 57/138) ,and there was no significant difference( P>0. 05) . No statistically significant differ?ences were observed between the two groups according to different PSA levels(≤4. 0,>4. 0-≤10. 0,>10. 0-≤20. 0,>20. 0 μg/L) ( P>0. 05) . There were no significant differences between two groups in complications such as:hematuria,lower urinary tract symptoms and acute urinary retention( P>0. 05) . The incidence rates of post?biopsy infection and rectal bleeding were remarkably lower(2. 6%(3/114) vs. 13. 0%(18/138),1. 8%( 2/114) vs. 11. 6%( 6/138) ,P=0. 005,0. 002) in transperineal group than in transrectal group. However,the perineal swelling rate was remarkably higher in the transperineal group than that in the transrectal group( 8. 8%( 10/114) vs. 0. 7%( 11/138) ,P=0. 003) . Conclusion Ultrasound?guided transperineal and transrectal pros?tate biopsies with 12+X method are both effective for the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma. The positive rates of the two approaches are similar,but the complications are different. The choice between the two approaches depended on the clinical features of the patients.

Objective:To study the current status and needs of Community Care for disabled elderly in Beijing and put forward the suggestions for improving the elderly Community Care system. Methods:Descriptive statistical a-nalysis, Chi-square test and Multivariate logistic analysis were adopted to analyze the situation of Community Care for Disabled elderly using data from the community survey of elderly population in Beijing. Results:The status of health is not optimistic for Disabled elderly, there are high demands for the community health services and welfare facilities for elderly and the needs for services provided by part-time home care, day care and volunteers are high, but those services and facilities provided by communities were found to be inadequate. Conclusion:China has a large popula-tion base of Disabled elderly and its number grows fast, but community care supply is in shortage and cannot meet the needs of those people. It is therefore urgent to improve community health services and community care system.

Objective To establish a respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) model of piglets and assess the therapeutic effect of pulmonary surfactant (PS) on gas exchange, lung mechanics and morphology. Methods Preterm newborn piglets were delivered by cesarean section at 94~97 days of gestation for determination of lung immaturity. Littermates were randomly divided into 4 groups: Group C50 were treated with 50 mg/kg for 6 h and group C100 with 100 mg/kg Curosurf; group C was the control group and group N received no ventilation. Blood-gas analyses and lung mechanic measurement were performed per hour. At the end of the experiment, the lungs were processed for biochemical, biophysical and histopathological analyses. Results Surfactant deficiency in RDS was shown with the low total phospholipids (TPL) level in bronchoalveolar lavage (BALF) in premature piglets at 94~97 days of gestation with marked difficulty in spontaneous respiration and morphological evidence of poor alveolar aeration and paucity of lamellar bodies in type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells. The group C had typical lung injury of RDS, the C100 and C50 group had variable but significantly improved alveolar phospholipid, alveolar aeration and wet-to-dry lung weight ratio. PaO_2/FiO_2 was improved from (92?37) mm Hg to (235?137) mm Hg, and the dynamic compliance (Cdyn) from (0.48?0.08) to (0.76?0.29) ml/(cm H_2O?kg) in group C100. But mild effects was shown in group C50. Conclusion A premature piglet RDS model is established and valuable for investigation of mechanism of lung injury in early life after born.

Objective To study the role of plasma levels of gastrointestinal hormones and gallbladder kinetics in the pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia. Methods Thirty two patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) and 20 normal subjects as controls were studied. Gallbladder ejection fractions (GBEF) were determined with 99m Tc radionucleography, and plasma levels of motilin (MTL)、cholecystokinin (CCK)、 vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and somatostatin (SS) were measured with radioimmunoassay. Results Both preprandial and postprandial GBEF and MTL levels were markedly lower in FD group than those in control group ( P 0.05), while the levels of postprandial CCK were significantly decreased in FD group ( P 0.05). Conclusion (1) Patients with FD might have a decreased level of preprandial and postprandial gallbladder emptying. The decrease of plasma levels of MTL、CCK and the elevation of VIP might be the cause of gallbladder slow emptying in FD. (2) Radionucleography is non invasive and safe. It can be used in the quantitative analysis and dynamic study of gallbladder and Oddi sphincter functions, and provide accurate, physiological results.

Objective To study the chemical constituents of Salvia miltiorrhiza f. alba Methods The compounds were isolated by chromatographic techniques and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. Results Four compounds were obtained from the plant and identified as 8, 9-dihydro-1, 6-dimethylfuro [3, 2-c] naphtha [2, 1-e] oxepine-10, 12-dione (Ⅰ), tanshindiol C (Ⅱ), salviolone (Ⅲ), 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9-hexahydro-1, 6, 6-trimethyl-3, 11-dioxanaphtho [2, 1-e] azulene-10, 12-dione (Ⅳ). Conclusion Compound Ⅰ is a new one, named salmilalbanone (8, 9-dihydro-1, 6-dimethylfuro [3, 2-c] naphtha [2, 1-e] oxepine-10, 12-dione), while compounds Ⅱ—Ⅳ are isolated from the plant for the first time.

Objective To explore clinical characteristics of chronic total occlusion(CTO) in population with routine coronary angiography,and to cumulate therapeutic experience.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of 57 cases with CTO selected from 825 patients undergone coronary angiography.Results Among 57 cases,the percentage of male,myocaridial infarction,diabetes mellitus,hyperlipidermia and left ventricular dysfunction was 73.7%,84.2%,22.8%,73.7% and 22.8%,respectively.The types of lesions included single branch(n=11),double branches(n=29) and three branches(n=17).Of 70 branches lesion vessels,44 were TIMI 0 of blood flow classification and 26 were TIMI1.The position of lesions occurred at left anterior descending branch(n=32),left circumflex branch(n=16),right coronary artery(n=22).The occlusion time was less than three months(n=41) and more than three months(n=29).The lengths of lesion was divided into less than 20 mm(n=43) and more than 20 mm(n=27).The shapes of terminal lesion looked like rat-tail(n=42) and blaze knife-edge(n=28).The coronary stents were performed at 57 lesions among 70 branches and the successful rate of operation was 82.9%.Conclusions Timely coronary angiography and selecting suitable treatment on different kinds of lesions for male patients with myocardial infraction,especially complicated with diabetes mellitus,might play important roles in prevention of CTO and in improvement of the successful rate of percutanous coronary intervention for the complex lesion.

Objective To investigate the effects of ulinastatin on the number of peripheral blood lymphocyte and the percentage of its subsets in patients with severe sepsis. Methods The scores of APECHE II and SOFA, the number of lymphocyte and the percentage of different subsets in these sepsis patients at different treatment time were measured. Results After treatment, the scores of APECHE II and SOFA of severe sepsis patients were decreased, the number of lymphocyte elevated and the percentages of different subset were corrected. Sepsis caused by Gram- positive pathogens had stronger suppression of peripheral blood lymphocyte and subsets compared with Gram - negative pathogens. Conclusion Patients with severe sepsis had less peripheral blood lymphocyte and abnormal subsets. Ulinastatin could help to correct such abnormality.

BACKGROUND:Calcitonin gene-related peptide has been confirmed to induce osteogenic differentiation, but whether it can induce the osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells under three-dimensional culture to construct tissue-engineered bone is rarely reported.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the feasibility of exogenous calcitonin gene-related peptide to induce osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells combined with calcium alginate gel in three-dimensional condition.
METHODS:Adipose-derived stem cells were gained by col agenase I digestion of the subcutaneous adipose tissue of both inguinal regions of New Zealand rabbits. Passage 3 cells were mixed with sodium alginate to prepare calcium alginate gel, and then the cells were assigned into two groups and cultured in 24-wel plates. Adipose-derived stem cells in the control group were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium/Ham’s nutrient mixture F-12 supplemented with 10-2 mol/Lβ-glycerophosphate sodium, 10-7 mol/L dexamethasone, 50 mg/L ascorbic acid, 10%fetal bovine serum. While, adipose-derived stem cells in the experimental group were incubated with the same medium as above, but 1.5 μg/L calcitonin gene-related peptide was added. The cells proliferation and the mRNA expressions of col agen I and osteocalcin were detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and reverse transcription-PCR respectively, and alkaline phosphatase and calcium concentration were detected at different induction time.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The cellproliferation curves were S shaped. The absorbance values of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group at1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 days after osteogenic induction (P<0.05). Alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red staining of adipose-derived stem cells was al positive, but golden round nodes became more and bigger in the experimental group compared with the control group after 2 weeks. At 7 and 14 days, col agen I and osteocalcin mRNA expressions were higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium concentration of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group at 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks after osteogenic induction (P<0.05). Results showed that the calcitonin gene-related peptide can induce the osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells combined with calcium alginate gel.

Objective: To observe the effects of Saponin Extracted from Zea Mays L(ZMLS) on reducing blood sugar in pathogenic diabetic mouse models.Methods: The pathogenic diabetic mouse models were established successfully by intravenous injection of small dose of alloxan and intragastric administration of glucose.Modeling state of pathogenic diabetic mice and the effects of Saponin Extracted from Zea Mays L(ZMLS) on pathogenic diabetic mouse models were observed through the levels of blood sugar and serum of insulin and the pathology changes of islet cells.Results: It was successful to establish pathogenic diabetic mouse models by intravenous injection of small dose of alloxan and intragastric administration of glucose.ZMLS had good action of lowering the level of blood glucose on this model and had good action of preventing the pancreatic island ?-cell from the injury induced by drugs.Conclusion: ZMLS has good therapy effects on pathogenic diabetic mouse models induced by intravenous injection of small dose of alloxan and intragastric administration of glucose.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial contamination situation in infant formula powder during the processes of production.Methods A total of 880 samples were collected from Gansu Province,which included raw materials,manufacturing facilities,personnel swabs and final infant formula powder.The detection method conducted in this study were complied with the standard of the SN/T 0738-1997 and GB 4789,and the microbial species detected in this study included Enterobacteriaceae,Enterobacter sakazakii,and Bacillus cereus.Results The detection rate of Enterobacteriaceae was 28.41％ (250/880),the detection rates of Enterobacter sakazakii and Bacillus cereus were 0.46％ (4/872) and 16.94％ (31/183) respectively.The prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae (40.00％,40/100) was the highest in raw materials.Four Enterobacter sakazakii strains were isolated from the pretreatment workshop,equipment and environment surface.The prevalence of Bacillus cereus was 22.73％ (10/44) in final product.Conclusion The microbial contamination was existent widely in infant formula powder and the production procession.Rigid laws and managements should be conducted to reduce the microbial contamination in raw materials,production processes and the environment,which might improve the quality of infant formula powder.