Objective To develop measles and Japanese encephalitis(JE)combined attenuated live vaccine. Methods The independent development of China′s Shanghai 191 measles vaccine strains and Japanese encephalitis SA14-14-2 vaccine strains were selected to prepare two of monovalent vaccines solution,which were used to conduct the interference test,the ratio test,the screening test of protection agent,the screening test of dilution,and the alternative of the curve of freeze-dried.Results The preparation technology of measles and Japanese encephalitis combined live attenuated vaccine was determined.The batches of the products met the quality requirement of the three kinds of monovalent vaccine in the Pharmacopoeia of the people's Republic of China(edition 2005,volume 3).The cross-interference and increased response were not found in the animal test,and the immune response of mouse was not influenced,which indicated the safety and immunogenicity of with good combined vaccine.Conclusion Measles and Japanese encephalitis combined attenuated live vaccine was developed successfully.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of cold potato chips patching to prevent phlebitis caused by vinorelbine. Methods:50 cases with lung cancer were enrolled and randomly divided into cold potato chips patching group and the controlled group.The occurrence cases and severity of phlebitis were observed.Results:Phlebitis occurred to 8 cases (28.6%) of the 28 cases in the ice potato chips patching group:red-swelling type occurring to 5 cases and hard-section type,to 3 cases.In the controlled group,phlebitis occurred to 13 patients(59%):red-swelling type occurring to 8 cases; hard-section type,to 3 cases and necrosis,to 2 cases.The incidence of phlebitis in the cold potato chips patching group was significantly reduced(P

Objective To use the nested PCR technology to diagnose and identify a case of imported Plasmodium ovale wallikeri subspecies .Methods Blood sample was collected from 1 case of initially diagnosed imported tertian malaria and performed the ex‐amination of microscopy ,rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and nested‐PCR .Moreover the sequencing was conduced .Results RDTs showed the negative result ;the ring form and trophozoite of Plasmodium could be observed in the blood smear by microscopy ;the Plasmodium ovale wallikeri subspecies specific primer rOVA 1v/rOVA2v was adopted for conducting nested PCR ,the specicific am‐plification band appeared at 760 bp ,after sequencing and Blast aligning ,its coincidence with the partial sequence of Plasmodium ovale wallikeri subspecies in the Genbank database was 99% .Conclusion This patient is the first case of Plasmodium ovale wallik‐eri subspecies infection in Hubei province by nested PCR and sequencing analysis .

Objective　To observe the molluscicidal effect of a new molluscicide, 10% chlorosalicylicamide (LDS), against the intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni - Biomphalaria glabrata and Biomphalaria straminea, thus to provide the experimental foundation for the field application of this molluscicide. Methods　The 10% LDS was formulated into the series of standard solutions with effective concentrations of 0.400 0, 0.200 0, 0.100 0, 0.050 0, 0.025 0 mg/L and 0.012 5 mg/L, respectively. B. glabrata and B. straminea were separately immersed in these solutions in the laboratory. The deaths of the above snails were observed after immersing into the solutions for 24, 48, and 72 h, and the mortalities of each group were computed, as well as the median lethal concentration LC50 (s) and relative toxicity indexes were calculated. Meanwhile, 50% wettable power of niclosamide ethanolamine salt (WPN) was set as the drug group, and dechlorinated water as the blank control group. Results　 The effective concentration of LDS at or above 0.100 0 mg/L, or WPN at or above 0.200 0 mg/L resulted in a 100% mortality rate for B. glabrata and B. straminea after immersing 24, 48, and 72 h. The LC50 (s) at 24, 48, and 72 hours for Biomphalaria glabrata immersed in the LDS series concentration solution was 0.047 95, 0.046 52, and 0.037 10 mg/L, respectively; while the LC50 (s) of B. glabrata in WPN serial solutions was 0.063 48, 0.057 05, 0.057 05 mg/L for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. For Biomphalaria straminea, the LC50 (s) at 24, 48, and 72 hours in the LDS solution was 0.012 35, 0.013 99, and 0.008 40 mg/L, respectively; and for the WPN solution, it was 0.058 95, 0.025 71, and 0.0237 5 mg/L. Using WPN as the standard drug which had higher value of LC50, and the relative toxicity index of WPN was set to 1.00, the relative toxicity indexes of LDS against B. glabrata were 1.32, 1.23 and 1.54 for 24, 48 h and 72 h, respectively, while for B. straminea, it was 4.77, 1.84, and 2.83. After 24, 48, and 72 hours of immersion in LDS, the number of surviving B. glabrata was significantly higher than that of B. straminea, with a statistical significance (χ2=8.044, 5.263, 4.658, P<0.05, respectively). Conclusions　Compared to the traditional molluscicide WPN, 10% LDS shows a superior molluscicidal effect on B. glabrata and B. straminea, especially demonstrating heightened sensitivity and efficacy on B. straminea, suggesting its potential as a substitute agent for snail control.

Objective To understand the malaria epidemic situation in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014,so as to provide the evidence for formulating the effective malaria elimination strategies and measures in this province. Methods The data from the Disease Reporting Information System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention were collected and analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological method for the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014. Results A total of 997 malaria cases were reported in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014,there were 618 cases of vivax malaria,352 cases of falciparum malaria,18 cases of Plasmodium ovale infection,and 9 cases of Plasmodium malariae infec?tion. Among all the reported cases,479 were local cases and 518 were imported cases. No local malaria cases were reported from Hubei Province since 2013. The overall imported malaria cases showed a gradual increasing trend from 2010 to 2014,the pro?portion of falciparum malaria increased quite significantly from 2010 to 2014. The malaria cases were mainly distributed in Xiangyang,Wuhan,Xiaogan,Yichang,Jingmen and Suizhou cities,reaching 81.85%of the cases of the whole province. There were 810 male cases and 187 female cases,with a sex ratio of 4.33∶1. The local malaria cases were mainly aged from 40 to 69 years,accounted for 78.29%of the total local cases,and 88.22%(457/518)of the whole local cases were concentrated in 20-49 age groups. The local cases were mainly farmers(67.01%). Among the imported malaria cases,the occupation distribution concentrated mainly on the worker,migrant worker,and farmer(63.90%). Conclusions The local malaria epidemic situation has been effectively controlled in Hubei Province,which reflects the initiative achievements of malaria elimination. However, there are still many imported malaria cases from abroad. Therefore,the imported malaria from abroad still remains the key of ma?laria control in Hubei Province.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between preoperative serum thyroglobulin (Tg) and clinical data with the risk of cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) .Methods:Data of 395 PTC patients who underwent surgery from Feb. 2016 to Jun. 2019 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were retrospectively analyzed. Based on whether cervical lymph nodes had metastasis, patients were classified into central lymph node metastasis positive group ( n=195 cases) , central lymph node metastasis negative group ( n=200 cases) , lateral lymph node metastasis positive group ( n=72 cases) , and lateral lymph node metastasis negative group ( n=323 cases) .Then the relationship between age, sex, multifocality, tumor diameter, capsular invasion, preoperative TSH and preoperative Tg with lymph node metastasis were analyzed by SPSS. Comparisons between groups were performed by χ2 test and rank sum test. Prediction efficiency of the preoperative Tg and Logistic regression model was estimated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. A total of 100 PTC patients confirmed by pathological results in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from Jul. 2019 to Apr. 2020 were selected as the validation data. Results:Multi-factor Logistic regression showed that age, tumor diameter, capsular invasion and preoperative Tg were independent risk factors of central cervical lymphatic metastasis ( P<0.05) ; Tumor diameter, capsular invasion, central cervical lymphatic metastasis and preoperative Tg were independent risk factors of lateral cervical lymphatic metastasis ( P<0.05) . The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for diagnosing central lymph node metastasis by preoperative Tg was 0.710, with a sensitivity of 49.2%, and specificity of 88.5%. The AUC for diagnosing lateral lymph node metastasis by preoperative Tg was 0.728, with a sensitivity of 59.7%, and specificity of 89.5%. The AUC for diagnosing central lymph node metastasis by the prediction model was 0.773, with a sensitivity of 78.5%, and specificity of 64.5%.The AUC for diagnosing lateral lymph node metastasis by the prediction model was 0.869, with a sensitivity of 84.7%, and specificity of 70.3%. Conclusions:The preoperative serum Tg level is correlated with cervical lymph node metastasis in PTC patients. But the Logistic regression model based on preoperative Tg and other independent risk factors shows a better predictive value.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of the application of Wondfo Rapid Diagnostic Kit (RDTs) in the diagnosis of imported malaria cases in the Malaria Reference Laboratory of Hubei Provence. Methods The complete blood samples of malaria cases and negative card deletion cases reported in Hubei Province from January 2015 to June 2018 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The results of the provincial malaria reference laboratory were used as the standard, and were compared with those results detected by RDTs, microscopic examination and nested PCR. The differences were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 440 complete samples were collected by the Malaria Reference Laboratory of Hubei Provence, of which 418 samples were confirmed as positive, and 22 samples were confirmed as negative. In terms of the identification ability of P. falciparum, RDTs performed the best, with a coincidence rate of 100.00%, and the coincidence rates nested PCR and microscopic examination were 97.49% and 91.40%, respectively. In terms of the identification specificity for another 3 species of Plasmodium (P. vivax, P. ovarian and P. vivax), nested PCR was the best, the microscopy method was the second best, and RDTs was the lowest. Based on the comprehensive analysis of 12 individual indicators, RDTs had the highest score (32), while the microscopic examination and nested PCR scored 24 and 19, respectively. Conclusion RDTs had certain advantages in the detection of malaria, but they had a low identification specificity for different species. Thus, they can be used as auxiliary tools for microscopic examination and widely used in surveillance work after malaria elimination in Hubei Province.

Objective To analyze the diagnostic quality of imported malaria in Hubei Province from 2019 to 2022, and to further improve the diagnostic level and consolidate the achievements in eliminating malaria. Methods The samples of reported malaria cases in Hubei were collected by the provincial reference laboratory (PRL) from 2019 to 2022. The microscopy and fluorescent PCR were performed to confirm the infection of plasmodium species of each case．The positive coincidence rate and species coincidence rate were analyzed and compared． Results A total of 257 imported malaria cases were reported in Hubei Province from 2019 to 2022. Among 229 malaria cases were confirmed, the overall coincidence for malaria diagnosis was 91.24% (229/251), and the overall coincidence rate for parasite species identification was 86.03% (197/229). The difference in species coincidence rate among different years was statistically significant (χ²=10.458, P<0.05). The coincidence rates of malaria diagnosis and parasite species identification in different cities (prefectures) of Hubei Province were 71.43% to 100.00% and 50.00% to 100.00%, respectively, with significant differences among different regions (χ²=29.283, P<0.05). The coincidence rates of malaria diagnosis and parasite species identification were 72.73% to 100.00% and 0.00% to 100.00% in different diagnostic institutions, and the coincidence rate of species identification in hospitals (87.61%) was higher than that in Centers for Disease Control institutions (54.55%) (χ²=81.275, P<0.05). The coincidence rates of Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae, and P. ovale identification were 91.50%, 88.57%, 80.00%, and 58.06%, respectively (χ²=19.777, P<0.05). Conclusion The quality of the qualitative diagnosis of malaria cases reported online from 2019 to 2022 is generally high. However, the ability of Plasmodium typing needs to be improved. In the future, technical training and quality control should be strengthened to improve the malaria surveillance capability during the post-elimination stage.

Objective To analyze the spatial clustering of human schistosomiasis at the village level in key counties in Hubei Province, to provide scientific evidence for formulating strategies for human schistosomiasis prevention and control in the next stage. Methods Gong^'an County and Jiangling County in Hubei Province were selected as representative counties for this study. A town or village was set up as a research unit. Schistosomiasis cases of a positive fecal examination in 2015 and cases with positive detection for schistosomiasis serological antibody titer equal or above 80 in 2016-2018 were selected as research subjects in these two counties. The Kulldorff circular scan statistic was used for the spatial clustering analysis of human schistosomiasis infection status in the population. Results There was spatial clustering of positive schistosomiasis cases of fecal examination, at the level of a town or village in both counties in 2015. There was spatial clustering of positive human serological antibody detection at the level of town or village from 2016-2018. Eighty-six endemic villages in five towns in the northeast of Gong^'an County, along the Yangtze river,including Mahaokou Town, Zhakou Town, Yangjiachang Town, Jiazhuyuan Town and Douhuti Town, were the most prominent. There was no spatial clustering of positive results of human serological antibody detection at the town and village level in Jiangling County, in2017, while there was spatial clustering of human serological antibody detection in 2016 and 2018,respectively. Fifty-seven endemic villages in two towns (Puji Town and Xionghe Town) in the southwest of Jiangling County, along the Yangtze river,were the most prominent. Conclusion There were spatial clustering of human schistosomiasis epidemic at village level both in Gong^'an County and Jiangling County, Hubei Province. Compared with the previous studies, there was a trend of shrink and decline of clustering areas. Therefore, the current situation of the epidemic has put forward higher requirements for the implementation of precise prevention and control in the progress of schistosomiasis elimination work in various epidemic areas.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and diagnosis of imported Plasmodium malariae and P. ovale malaria cases in Anhui Province, Hubei Province, Zhejiang Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Henan Province from 2014 to 2021, so as to provide insights into malaria control in these five provinces. Methods All data pertaining to malaria cases reported in five provinces of China were captured from Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System from 2014 to 2021, and the epidemiological characteristics of imported P. malariae and P. ovale malaria cases were analysed using a descriptive epidemiological method. The duration from onset of malaria to initial diagnosis, duration from initial diagnosis to definitive diagnosis, institutions of initial and definitive diagnoses, and proportion of correct malaria diagnosis at initial diagnosis were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 1 223 imported P. malariae and P. ovale malaria cases were reported in Anhui Province, Hubei Province, Zhejiang Province, Henan Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2014 to 2021, there were 158 P. malariae malaria cases (12.92%) and 1 065 P. ovale malaria cases (87.08%). Totally 98.53% (1 205/1 223) of the imported malaria cases were from Africa, with Angola (18.99%, 30/158), Nigeria (11.39%,18/158), Cameroon (10.76%, 17/158), Ghana (10.13%, 16/158) and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (10.13%,16/158) as predominant countries where P. malariae malaria cases were from, and Ghana (23.19%, 247/1 065), Cameroon (14.74%, 157/1 065), Nigeria (9.39%, 100/1 065) and Angola (6.95%, 74/1 065) as predominant countries where P. ovale malaria cases were from. There were significant differences in the duration from onset of malaria to initial diagnosis (χ² = 27.673, P = 0.000) and duration from initial diagnosis to definitive diagnosis of P. malariae and P. ovale malaria cases (χ² = 29.808, P = 0.000), and the proportions of correct initial diagnosis of P. malariae and P. ovale malaria cases were 38.61% (61/158) and 56.53% (602/1 065). There were 74.69% (118/158) of P. malariae malaria cases with definitive diagnosis in county-, city-, and province-level medical institutions, and 79.25% (844/1 065) of P. ovale malaria cases with definitive diagnosis in county- and city-level medical institutions and county-level centers for disease control and prevention. Conclusions The imported P. malariae and P. ovale malaria cases in Anhui Province, Hubei Province, Zhejiang Province, Henan Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2014 to 2021 were mainly returned from Africa and the proportion of correct diagnosis of P. malariae and P. ovale malaria was low at initial diagnosis. Persistent improvements in the diagnostic capability of malaria are required in medical institutions.