This article focuses on the issue of transfer of majors by college students in the advancement of flexible credit system in Chinese universities,in particular the challenges it brings about to the administration and management of the school.The author also explores the issues occurring under the current administration framework and evaluation mechanism of Chinese universities.

Objective To discuss the relationship age and pathologic type, tumor size (≥4 cm) and pelvic lymph metastasis in cervical cancer, and the relative factors of cervical cancer with metastasis of pelvic lymphaden and the possibility of ovarian conservation. Methods 166 cases of cervical cancer accepted radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy in our hospital from June 2002 to June 2007, and were analyzed retrospectively. 166 cases of cervical cancer were divided into two groups, the age in group A was less than 35, while in group B was more than 35. Results The possibility of adenocarcinoma, the tumor size (≥4 cm) and the metastasis of pelvic lymphaden were higher in group A than in group B. The higher the clinical stage, the higher the pathological type and grade were. The greater the tumor size were ,the higher the rate of pelvic lymphatic metastasis (P <0.01). The more tissue infiltrate were, the higher the rate of pelvic lymphatic metastasis (P <0.01). Conclusion The possibility of adenocarcinoma carcinoma, the tumor size (≥ 4 cm) and the metastasis of pelvic were more higher in young women. The rate of pelvic metastasis is closely related to clinical stage, pathological type and grade, tumor size, and tissue infitration.

Objective To evaluate the value of cardiovascular digital imaging and echocardiography in diagnosis of transposition of the great arteries.Methods Thirty cases of transposition of the great arteries were examined with cardiovascular digital imaging technique,two-dimensional echocardiography and color Doppler.11 cases of them underwent surgery.A comparison was made between the data obtained and surgical findings.Results The rate of coincidence of digital imaging and echocardiography with operation in diagnosing transposition of the great arteries was 92.3%(36/39)and 84.6%(33/39) respectively.Both echocardiography and cardiovascular digital imaging techique could clearly show the abnormalities of the heart and great vessels.Echocardiography was sensitive to valvular pathological changes,though cardiovascular digital imaging was superior to echocardiography in demonstrating abnormalities of great arteries and systemic-pulmonary collateral circulations.Conclusion Combination of echocardiography with cardiovascular digital imaging technique can greatly improve the rate of diagnostic accuracy for transposition of the great arteries.

Objective:To investigate the amplification of the telomerase RNA component (TERC) gene in cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) using dual-color interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and its significance in screening of cervical lesion. Methods:Cervical cast-off cell specimens were screened from 120 outpatients with cervical lesion, including normal cell from liquid based cytology (20 cases), CIN Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ and cervical cancer cell from liquid based cytology (each of 25 cases). The amplification of TERC gene in cervical cast-off cells was detected by dual-color interphase FISH. The results of normal samples were used to set up the threshold. Results:①The percentages of abnormal cells in CIN Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ and cervical cancer were significantly higher than threshold value ( P<0.05), and the percentage of abnormal cells was increased with the serious degree of pathological grade (P<0.01) ; ②The percentagesof 2:3,2:4,2:5 and great than or equal to 4:4 types in CIN Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ and cervical cancer were significantdifferences (all P<0.01). The percentages of 2:4,2:5 and great than or equal to 4:4 types in cervical cancer were significant higher than that in CIN Ⅰ (P<0.001) while the percentage of 2:3 type was significant lower than that in it (P<0.001);③The percentage of abnormal cells was increased with the serious degree of cytological grade (P<0.01) in different cytological grades. The percentages of 2:3,2:5 and great than or equal to 4:4 types in atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS), low-grade squamous intraepithe-lial lesions (LSIL) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) were significant differences (all P <0.01), and the percentages of 2:5 and great than or equal to 4:4 types in HSIL were significant higher than that in ASCUS( P <0.01) while the percentage of 2:3 type was significant lower than that in it ( P <0.01);④The detection rates of LSIL and HSIL with cytological examination in low grade and high grade CIN were 40% (10/25) and 62% (31/50) respectively, which were significant lower than the detection rates of FISH which was 100%(P<0.05).Conclusions:There is an abnormal amplification of TERC gene in CIN Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ and cervical cancer, and its copy numbers are increased with the serious degree of pathological and cytological grades. Detection of amplification of TERC gene in cervical cast-off cells with FISH has a certain value for screening cervival lesion and prediction of lesion progression.

Based on the circulation of Chinese materia medica and value chain of quality of Chinese materia medica, this article analyzed the problems existing in the process of protection and development of Chinese materia medica: planting problems caused the efficacy weakening of Chinese materia medica, excessive sulfur because of the initial processing methods, large fluctuations in prices of Chinese materia medica for the market supply and demand imbalance. Then with the modern logistics as the starting point, this article explored the control of the circulation process of Chinese materia medica from the aspects of primary processing, transportation, storage, maintenance, and packaging. Automated initial processing can protect the quality of Chinese materia medica; standardized transportation can reduce the loss of Chinese materia medica; modern warehousing can help management of Chinese materia medica; scientific conservation can maintain the efficacy of Chinese materia medica; standardized packaging can protect Chinese materia medica in the whole course. At the same time, the use of information technology is conducive to the construction of circulation system and traceability system of Chinese materia medica, with a purpose to promote the information system of Chinese materia medica, to protect the authentic Chinese materia medica, to achieve the quality of Chinese materia medica, to enhance the protection and development of Chinese materia medica.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of rotational digital subtraction angiography(DSA).Methods The rotational DSA was performed 48 cases in 30 patients with PHILIPS V5000 digital imaging system.Among them,cerebral(n=8),carotid(n=2),limbs(n=7),hepatic(n=2),pulmonary(n=1),iliac(n=2),aortic(n=1),renal(n=2)and uterine(n=5)arteries were included.Results The origins,running,distributions,numbers and contours of diseased segments of arteries and pseudoaneurysm were clearly displayed in 28 of 30 patients with the technique of RDSA.Conclusion The RDSA is very useful in the preoperative diagnosis and selection of treatment for the diseased arteries.

Objective To evaluate their roles of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), cardiovascular digital imaging (CVDI) and electron beam computed tomography (EBT) in the diagnosis of complex congenital heart dieases (CHD).Methods Twenty-one patients with CHD were studied, including 12 cases of boys and 9 cases of girls. Fourteen cases of them underwent surgery. All of them were examined by two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) , color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and EBT, 11 cases of them were examined by CVDI.Results The rate of coincidence between EBT and CVDI in diagnosing complex CHD was 93.3% (28/30). The accurate rate of TTE and CVDI in diagnosing complex CHD was 77.8% (35/45) and 93.3% (42/45) respectively.Conclusion In diagnosing complex CHD,combination EBT with TTE can replace the technique of CVDI partially.

Objective:To evaluate the association between weight gain in late gestation and glycated albumin (GA),visfatin level and neonatal body composition in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients who are non-obese.Methods:200 pregnant women were enrolled.The preconception body mass index(BMI) of all the research object was less than 25 kg/m2.According to the speed of body mass growth from 28th week of gestation to delivery,the subjects were divided into two groups:excessive weight gain group (n =77) and appropriate weight gain group(n=123).Variance of serum GA,visfatin levels and neonatal birth weight(BW),the percent of body fat in newborn(F％) between two groups were compared,and the relationship between weight gain in late pregnant GDM patients and above values was analyzed.Results:①Serum GA,HbA1 c,visfatin and total cholesterol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein,very low density lipoprotein levels in excessive weight gain group were higher than those in appropriate weight gain group(P ＜ 0.05).②Mean gestational age,newborn Apgar score immediately,the ratio of baby boys and vaginal delivery rate in two group had no significant difference(P＞0.05).Compared with the appropriate weight gain group,the excessive weight gain group had higher average birth weight and lower blood glucose levels.The proportion of large for gestational ages(LGA) was increased in appropriate weight gain group,and the ratio of abdomen circumference (AC) and head circumference (HC) and the percent of body fat in newborn(F％) were significantly increased in this group(P ＜0.01).③The speed of body mass growth in late pregnancy in GDM patients was positively related with serum GA,visfatin,HbA1c levels and newborn birth weight and the percent of body fat in newborn(r=0.524,0.470,0.456,0.329,0.473,P＜0.001).Conclusions:The monitoring of the serum GA and visfatin levels may have certain clinical value to evaluate the weight gain in late pregnancy of GDM patients.The rapid body mass growth in those patients may accelerate the visceral fat accumulation and worsen existing glucolipid metabolic disorders,and is also closely related to the increase of neonatal BW and F％.

0.05). Conclusion Mb-MGM have good properties of drug-targeting and sustained drug releasing properties. Mb-MGM could be used for targeting spinal cord dorsal ganglia for nerve blocking after being injected into the subarachnoid space and under effect of magnet. The motor function is not affected.