Objective To study the absorption features of isoimperatorin in intestine of rat.Methods Establish a single-pass intestinal perfusion model of rat,take phenolsulfonphthalein as a marker for the detection of isoimperatorin concentration from crude extracts of notopterygium,and observe the absorption features of isoimperatorin and its reference substance in intestine of rat.Results The content of isoimperatorin in crude extracts was (0.43±0.02)% (n=5).The absorption parameters of duodenum,jejunum,ileum,colon were (5.28±0.82),(4.47±0.56),(4.17±0.94),(4.32±0.68)×10-5 cm·s-1,respectively.There were no significant differences among them (P>0.05).Compared with the reference substance of isoimperatorin,crude extracts showed better absorption features.Conclusion Isoimperatorin from crude extracts have better characteristics of absorption.This study can provide theoretical basis for design of notopterygium oral formulation.

OBJECTIVE To study the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral colon targeted pH-sensitive hydrogel of hydrocortisone sodium succinate(HSS-GEL). METHODS The plasma concentration changes of HSS-GEL and HSS in the mice were investigated; 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS)-induced mouse model of ulcerative colitis(UC) was established, disease activity index(DAI), colon length, myeloperoxidase(MPO) and organ index were used as indicators to investigate the therapeutic effect of HSS-GEL on colitis. RESULTS The results showed that the Tmax, Cmax and AUC of HSS-GEL were significantly different from those of HSS(P<0.01). The Tmax of HSS-GEL was significantly longer than that of HSS, and the time of drug absorption into the blood was significantly delayed. The Cmax of HSS-GEL group was significantly lower than that of HSS. The AUC of the HSS-GEL group was 39.38% of the same dose of HSS, indicating that the amount of the drug absorbed into blood was significantly reduced after the HSS was made into HSS-GEL orally. After modeling, DAI, MPO activity and organ index were increased, while the colon was shortened due to the inflammatory reaction, with the treatment of HSS-GEL, DAI, MPO activity and some organ index of mice were significantly decreased comparing with TNBS group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The degree of reduction of MPO activity and some organ indexes of the mice in the TNBS+HSS-GEL group were significantly greater than those in the TNBS+HSS group, indicating that HSS-GEL had good therapeutic effect on TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis, and the effect was better than that of HSS. CONCLUSION The HSS-GEL prepared has good colon targeting characteristic and colitis treatment effect.

Objective: To explore the clinical significance of metastasis of lymph nodes between sternocleidomastoid and sternohyoid muscle (LNSS) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Methods: A total of 175 patients with PTC who underwent thyroidectomy with LNSS dissection were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the independent risk factors for LNSS metastasis in PTC. Results: The rate of detectable LNSS was 70.9% (124/175) and metastasis rate was 7.4% (13/175). Of 13 cases with LNSS metastasis, 10 with the coexistence of cervical lymph node metastasis. Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that multiple focal cancer, tumor located in the lower pole of thyroid, belt-shaped muscle invasion, lateral cervical lymph node metastasis, cN+ , the number of cervical lymph nodes with metastasis and the number of lymph nodes with metastasis in level Ⅳwere the risk factors for LNSS metastasis (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis suggested that tumor located in the lower pole of thyroid and the number of cervical lymph nodes with metastasis >6 were the independent risk factors for LNSS metastasis (P<0.05). Given the number of cervical lymph nodes with metastasis as a predictor for the LNSS metastasis, the sensitivity was 92.3%, the specificity was 66.7% and the accuracy rate was 68.6%. Conclusions LNSS metastasis is commom in PTC, with a metastasis rate of 7.4%. PTC in the lower pole of thyroid and the number of cervical lymph nodes with metastasis > 6 are independent risks for LNSS metastasis.

Renal fibrosis, especially tubulointerstitial fibrosis, is the most common pathway of all chronic kidney diseases progressing to end-stage renal diseases. Several adaptive reactions occur in renal tubular epithelial cells after chronic injury, such as changes in glycolipid metabolism, unfolded protein response, autophagy and senescence, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and G2/M cell cycle arrest. Maladaptive repair mechanisms can induce tubulointerstitial fibrosis. This article will discuss the molecular mechanism of these adaptive responses of renal tubular epithelial cells driving renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and provide a basis for exploring new drug targets for renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis.