Parkinson's disease (PD) caused by the deficiency of DA in the substantial nigra-striatum system in the brain is a chronically progressive disease. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment PD can prolong work time and improve life quality of the patient. There are three primary approaches to increase activity of dopaminergic system:vicarious treatment to compensate DA; promote releasing DA in nerve endings of dopamine neurons and to prevent decreasing DA metabolism,as well as application of agonists that stimulate dopamine receptors. Some specialists suggest that application of dopaminergic agonists in the initial stage can not only delay the occurrence of syndrome on side effects with long-term use of levodopa,but also prevent the damage of dopaminergic cell caused by levodopa or its metabolite,and delay the development of PD. There are positive and adverse effects with DA agonists. This paper discussed the usage and side effects of classic and new dopaminergic agonists.

Objective To investigate the differential diagnosis of early-stage Parkinson disease(PD) and vascular Parkinsonism(VP) by 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 single photon emission computed tomography brain imaging.Methods 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 SPECT brain imaging was performed on 47 patients with early-stage PD,26 with early-stage VP and 30 age-matched healthy control subjects.The radioactive ratio of striatum to cerebullum was calculated by region of interest(ROI) technique.The results were analyzed and compared.Results The distribution and quantities of 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 uptake were reduced in contralateral striatum to clinically symptomatic side of the patients with early-stage PD(P0.05).The radioactive ratio of striatum to cerebullum contralateral to the affected limb in the patients with early-stage PD was lower than that in the healthy control subjects while that to patients with early-stage VP were similar to that in the healthy control subjects.Conclusion 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 single photon emission computed tomography brain imaging and semiquantitative analysis are useful to differentiate VP from PD.

The purpose of applying antibiotics prophylaxis in perioperative orthopedic surgery is to prevent or decrease the risk of infection.The opportune administration is the key point for prevention of infection.The application principle,classification and current situation are reviewed in this paper,its perspective and prospects are also investigated.

The change of lung lymph after endotoxin-induced lung injury was studied using a sheep model with chronic lung lymph fistula. After endotoxin injection Ppa、PMV、 Q_L、CL_p、L_A/P_A、and Kf all increased markedly. The ratios of effects of pressure and permeability on Q_L were 1:0.53 and 1:2.31 during phase I and phase H respectively. The results indicated that the formation of pulmonary edema after injury related mainly to the increases of PMV and Kf and to the decrease of effective colloid osmotic pressure. The PMV was the main factor of formating edema during phase I and the permeability was that during phase Ⅱ.

A high dose E. Coli endotoxin was infused into unanesthetized sheep withchronic lung lymph fistula. The contents of substance P in plasma, lung lymph, lungparenchyma and also TXB_2 and 6-keto-PGF_1? were measured. The results showed that 120min after infusion substance P increased in plasma and lymph, but its content in paren-chyma decreased at 360 min after infusion. At 30 min after infusion, TXB_2 and 6-keto-PGF_1? levels in plasma showed a marked increase, but their peak values in lung lymphwere shown at 60 min after infusion, and the levels of TXB_2 were much higher than thatof 6--keto--PGF_1?

Sheep with chronic lung lymph fistula were used as model, lung injurywas induced with endotoxin, changes of pulmonary phospholipase A_2(PLA_2) activity wasmeasured and the effect of dexamethasone on PLA_2 activity was also observed. The resultsshowed that after endotoxin infusion PLA_2 activity, thromboxane B_2 (TXB_2) and 6-Keto- prostaglandin F_1? (6-Keto-PGF_1?) increased markedly (P

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed in healthy subjects (n = 12) and patients with bronchial asthma (n = ll). Between two groups there were no significant differences in total cells and percentage of alveolar macrophages (AM), lymphocytes, ncutrophils, cosinophils in BAL fluids. When AM were cultured in vitro and stimulated with dermatophagoides farinae(DPF) antigen, the quantity of PGE released by AM was significantly increased in asthmatics. When asthmatics' AM were sensitized with specific IgE positive serum and stimulated with DPF, they released more PGE, PGF2a than that when specific IgE negative serum was used (P

Supernumerary tooth is common,but symmetrical supernumerary tooth on both sides is rare.A case of symmetrical supernumer-ary tooth of maxillary posterior teeth area is reported in this paper.

Objective To establish a reverse transcription-PCR(RT-PCR) assay for detecting ASPP1 mRNA expression levels in normal blood monocyte and leukemia jurkat,HL-60 and K-562 cell lines.And to analyze the differences in relative expression levels of ASPP1 in respective cell line by calculating the value of ASPP1/?-actin for evaluating the effects of ASPP1 on inhibiting the malignant transformation of normal cells.Methods The monocyte isolation reagent was used to isolate normal blood monocyte,and the RPMI 1640 medium was used to culture jurkat,HL-60 and K562 cell lines.The cell RNA was extracted with TripureTM reagent and amplified by RT-PCR.The amplified products were E.B.stained and 10?l of the products were used for agarose gel electrophoresis.The expression levels of ASPP1 mRNA and ?-actin in respective cell line were measured and then compared.Result The ASPP1 mRNA was expressed both in normal blood monocyte and all the leukemic cells.The value of ASPP1/?-actin was 0.545?0.019 in normal blood monocyte,and it was 0.155?0.081,0.199?0.016 and 0.191?0.015,respectively,in the leukemic cells jurkat,HL-60,and K-562.The expression level of ASPP1 mRNA was higher in normal cells than that in the three leukemic cell lines.Conclusion On the process of tumor development,an ASPP1-p53 compound is formed by collaborated effects of ASPP1 and p53,which may act on the arch-apoptosis gene promoter,specifically enhance the ability of p53 binding DNA,and reinforce the function of p53 in enhancing apoptosis.The declined expression and/or deprived function of ASPP1 might lead to tumorigenesis,implying that the function of ASPP1 in enhancing p53 apoptosis may play an important role on inhibiting the malignant transformation of normal cells.

Objective To study the diagnosis and treatment of restless legs syndrome(RLS)in the elderly.Methods The diagnosis of RLS was based on criteria proposed by the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group.Ten elderly patients with RLS were enrolled in the research. The clinical presentation and treatment results were analyzed retrospectively.Results All 10 patients were complained of compelling urge to move their limbs.The sensory symptoms were involved in the 4 patients' legs,involved both arms and legs in another 5 patients.It occurred unilaterally in the left of I patient.All patients complained of syndromes aggravated in the night, other three patients also had distinct syndromes in the daytime.Three patients had family history of RLS.The unpleasant sensations were partially or totally relieved by movement.Neurophysiological tests in 5 patients were normal.The iron deficiency occurred only in 1 patient with low serum ferritin and iron levels,Rebound and augmentation were observed in 1 patient in the course of three years treatment with Sinemet.All patients administered a dopamine receptor agonist(pergolide)and showed positive results.Oral administration of iron improved RLS symptoms in a patient with iron deficiency. Conclusions The diagnosis of RLS is usually based on the patient's clinical presentation,which has characteristic feature in the elderly.Rebound and augmentation are serious side-effects in the course of long-term treating with L-DOPA.Therapy of RLS with dopamine receptor agonists is firstly chosen.