Objective　To study the diagnosis and treatment of perforated congenital choledochal cyst(PTCC). Methods　The clinical data of 10 children with PTCC were retrospectively analysed.Results　6 males, 4 females, average age 4.5 years old. The cyst perforted time within 12 hours was in 4 cases, 12～72 hours in 3, and more than 72 hours in 3. Of these cases, 2 had infection and the others had no obvious discomfort before perforation. Of 7 cases undergoing cyst excision and biliary reconstruction, 5 cases were recovered without complications; 2 occurred anastomostic leakaged(1 case had infection before perforation and the other with perforcted time more than 72 hours). 3 cases subjected to external drainage at first, and cyst excision and biliary reconstruction were performed on three months later. Conclusions　If PTCC is treated earlier, cyst excision and biliary reconstruction can be performed as a primary operation.

Objective　To study radiotherapy in the treatment of uterine sarcomas and response to radiation in primary or recurrent uterine sarcomas. Methods　A total of 102 uterine sarcomas treated in the Cancer Hospital from May 1960 to June 1999. A retrospective review of 45 patients receiving surgery alone, 29 patients for postoperative radiotherapy, 4 radiotherapy alone, 24 recurrent sarcomas receiving radiotherapy. Results　The 5-year overall survival for 45 patients treated with surgery alone and 29 patients managed by postoperative radiotherapy were 56.7% and 58.6% respectively (P>0.05). The addition of radiotherapy significantly reduced the local recurrence rate from 42.2% to 20.7% （P<0.05）. The tumor was disappeared completely by treatment of radiotherapy alone in 3 patients of primary uterine cervix sarcomas. 1 patient was free of disease at 36 months. Other 2 patients died 9 and 11 months later because of distant metastases. The complete and partial response rate of radiotherapy was 50.0% for recurrent tumors. The radiotherapetic sensibility of endometrial stromal sarcomas, mixed mesodermal sarcomas and leiomyosarcomas was downward tendency in turn.Couclusions　The postoperation adjuvant radiotherapy reduced the pelvic recurrent significantly. Radiotherapy should be used in the treatment of uterine sarcomas as an important part of combination therapy.

Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) are an emerging class of targeted therapeutics with the potential to improve therapeutic index over the traditional chemotherapy. However, it is difficult to control the site and stoichiometry of conjugation in mAb, typically resulting in heterogeneous mixtures of ADCs that are difficult to optimize. New methods for site-specific drug attachment allow development of more homogeneous conjugates and control of the site of drug attachment. In this article, the new literature on development of ADCs and site-specific ADCs is reviewed. In addition, we summarized the various strategies in production of site-specific ADCs.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; chemistry ; Antibody Specificity ; Binding Sites, Antibody ; Immunoconjugates ; chemistry

BACKGROUND:Since the meniscal blood supply is only in the red zone, the synovial fluid becomes the main nutrition source of the meniscus. As its poor self-healing ability, the meniscus is almost impossible to heal in non-blood supply regions. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the expression and characteristics of transforming growth factor-β3 in the rat meniscus during postnatal development. METHODS:Meniscus tissues of Wistar rats with different ages (1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 days) were adopted, and immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR methods were performed to detect the location and expression pattern of transforming growth factor-β3 within the meniscus. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Immunohistochemistry results revealed that the expression of transforming growth factor-β3 started from the joint capsule, and gradualy extended to the red zone, gray zone, and white area;RT-PCR results showed the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-β3 in the rat meniscus at different ages, and during development process gradualy increased until adult stage (rat weight > 100 g), which remained relatively stable.

Objective To analyze the correlation between the metal components and MRI signal intensities of gallstones, to investigate the causes of gallstone signal features on MRI. Methods The MRI data and the metal components of the gallstones in vivo and in vitro of 30 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The MR sequences, namely 3D fast spoiled gradient-echo with fat saturation T1-weighted imaging (3D-FSPGR-FS T1WI), fast spoiled gradient-echo with fat saturation T1-weighted imaging(FSPGR-FS T1WI), fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition(FIESTA)and fast spin-echo T2-weighted imaging with fat saturation(FSE-FS T2WI), were performed on the gallstones in vivo and in vitro. According to the characteristics of the surface and cross section, gallstones were divided into pigment gallstones( n=16) and cholesterol gallstones(n=14). The MR signal characteristics of the gallstones were observed and the signal intensity rates of the gallstones were calculated. Preoperatively, the signal intensity rates of cholesterol and pigment stones of each MR sequence were compared by using t test and Mann-Whiteney U test. Postoperatively,the signal intensity rates of the fresh,dried and re-soaked gallstones were compared by using paired t test and Wilcoxon test. The correlation between the signal intensity rates of gallstones on the 3D-FSPGR-FS sequence and their metal components was analyzed by using Linear Regression analysis. Results The pigment gallstones showed high signal intensity on the 3D-FSPGR-FS T1WI. The signal intensity rates of the pigment gallstones were higher than the rates of the cholesterol gallstones on the 3D-FSPGR-FS T1WI, which were 2.02 ± 0.53 and 0.51 ± 0.24 (t=10.26,P< 0.01), respectively. On the 3D-FSPGR-FS T1WI, the signal intensity rates of the drying pigment stones were significantly lower than the rates of the fresh ones, the rates of the two states of the pigment gallstones were 0.21±0.06 and 1.42±0.35(t=13.49,P<0.01),respectively. The signal intensity rates of pigment gallstones showed significant rebound after re-soaking, the rates of the two states of the pigment gallstones were 0.21±0.06 and 1.68±0.86(t=-6.63,P<0.01),respectively. The metal components of pigment gallstones were significantly higher than the cholesterol stones. In the pigment gallstones and cholesterol gallstones, the medians of the Calcium were 28.186 and 2.347 mg/g(Z =-4.66,P< 0.01),respectively.For pigment gallstones, there was a significant correlation between the calcium and the signal intensity rate on 3D-FSPGR-FS T1WI. The regression equation of linear regression analysis was SI=65.40 logCa-166.67. Conclusions The pigment gallstones containing much more water and metal showed high signal intensity on 3D-FSPGR-FS T1WI. The Calcium in the pigment gallstones may be the main cause for this MR appearance.

[Objective] To explore the curative effect of synthetic surgical therapy on severe flexion deformity knees.[Methods]There were 22 patients(35 knees)with flexion deformity knees who were treated by synthetic surgical therapy during March 1999 to February 2008.Evaluation with HSS scoring system at preoperative and postoperative period were made.[Results]All patients were followed up.The mean followed-up time was 3.1 years(range 13 months to 7 years).The mean HSS score of knee joint was 23.5 points at preoperative period(range-6 to 35)and it was 79.8 points at postoperative period(range 62~91).The result showed statistical significance(P

Objective To explore the relation ship between the high-risk human papillomavirus(HPV) and prognosis of ovarian carcinomas.Methods In situ hybridization technique was used to examine HPV16/18 DNA in 32 cases of benign ovarian epithelial tumors,25 cases of borderline tumors and 45 cases of ovarian carcinoma.Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of VEGF and ki-67 protein,which compared to usual ovarian tissues. Results (1)The positive rate of HPV16/18 was significantly different between ovarian carcinoma and normal epithelial ovarian tissues or benign epithelial ovarian tumors(P

0.05).Their a verage values were 6.47?0.80,4.36?0.68,9.89?0.73,5.83?1.63, 3.55 ?0.69 an d 6.81?0.93 respectively. In the male and famale LRa-TC was 3.84?1.16 and 3.1 5?0.76(P0.05).Their average v alues were 5.44?1.03,4.09?1.58,3.75?0.75,4.20?0.84 and 7.70?1.13 respective ly. In the male and famale URa-PC was 7.14?1.16 and 6.62?0.88(P0 .05).Their average values were 6.06?0.91,3.20?1.48,4.52?0.69 and 8.53?0.98 r espectively. In the male and femal URa-PC was 7.49?1.01 and 6.94?0.74(P

One-and-a-half syndrome with facial diplegia, also referred to as the fifteen-and-a-half syndrome, is an extremely rare clinical entity caused by involvement of bilateral tegmentum of pons. Herein, we report a 52-year-old male who presented with one-and-a-half syndrome with left facial paralysis, which was consistent with the so-called eight-and-a-half syndrome. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed pontine infarction. Five days after initiation of antiplatelet therapy, the patient developed right facial paralysis, a diagnosis of fifteen-and-a-half syndrome was made, repeat MR imaging revealed bilateral pontine tegmentum infarction. Fifteen-and-a-half syndrome is a newly proposed concept associated with pontine infarction. The clinicoradiological features of this specific disease are as yet unclear due to its extreme rarity. The current case would help advance the current understanding of the disease spectrum of pontine infarction.

Objective To investigate the value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in predicting and monitoring the response of uterine cervix cancer to concurrent chemoradiation. Methods Seventeen patients with uterine cervix cancer underwent conventional MRI and DWI examinations before therapy and at one month and two months after the initiation of concurrent chemoradiation, and 8 of them underwent additional examinations at 15 d after therapy. The longest diameter of tumor before and after treatment was measured on axial T2WI. The mean ADC value among pre- and post-treatment of each group (CR, PR and SD) was compared. Results The mean ADC value before therapy of CR group was statistically lower than that of PR group (P＜0.05). There was negative correlation between mean pretreatment ADC value and percentage size reduction of tumor after concurrent chemoradiation at two months (r=-0.574, P＜0.05). The percentage ADC change of tumor at one month correlated positively with percentage size reduction of tumor at two months after concurrent chemoradiation (r=0.572, P＜0.05). Fifteen days after the initiation of concurrent chemoradiation, the mean ADC value of 8 patients increased significantly, however, the longest diameter of tumor showed no statistically significant changes compared with pre-treatment tumor diameter. Conclusion DWI has the ability to predict the response of uterine cervix cancer to concurrent chemoradiation, and it can monitor the treatment response as well.