Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) is one of important coagulant factors. Endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces thrombosis by stimulating PAI-1 secretion of vascular cells (EC). Using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Northern blot, was investigated the effects of Chinese medicine ligustrazini on PAI-1 expression in EC and LPS-stimulated EC. The results showed that ligustrazini inhibited both basal and LPS-induced PAI-1 mRNA expression in EC. The effect of ligustrazini on LPS-induced PAI-1 secretion worked in a dose-dependent manner. This study provided theoretic and experimental evidence for use of ligustrazini against septic shock and cardiovascular diseases.

Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) is one of important coagulant factors. Endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces thrombosis by stimulating PAI-1 secretion of vascular cells (EC). Using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Northern blot, was investigated the effects of Chinese medicine ligustrazini on PAI-1 expression in EC and LPS-stimulated EC. The results showed that ligustrazini inhibited both basal and LPS-induced PAI-1 mRNA expression in EC. The effect of ligustrazini on LPS-induced PAI-1 secretion worked in a dose-dependent manner. This study provided theoretic and experimental evidence for use of ligustrazini against septic shock and cardiovascular diseases.

Objective: To investigate the needs for license skill training among grassroots public health personnel in Hohhot City, so as to provide the advice for improvements in training among grassroots public health personnel in Hohhot City. Methods: A total of 1 802 staff were sampled from 108 grassroots healthcare institutions in four districts, four counties and one banner of Hohhot City using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Participants' demographics and five dimensions of training needs, including professional knowledge, professional skills, basic public health service guidelines, epidemiological survey and development of interventions, were collected through questionnaire surveys, and factors affecting the training demands were identified using a generalized linear mixed-effect model. Results: The respondents included 789 men (43.78%) and 958 individuals at ages of 31 to 50 years (53.16%). There were 1 379 respondents (76.53%) that wished to receive training on professional knowledge, 1 312 respondents (72.81%) that wished to receive training on professional skills, 1 012 respondents (56.16%) that wished to receive training on basic public health service guidelines, 333 respondents (18.48%) that wished to receive training on epidemiological survey and 206 respondents (11.43%) that wished to receive training on development of interventions. Participants at ages of 41 to 50 years and 61 years and older, participants with a specialty in nursing, and participants that worked on construction of resident archives and health management of patients with tuberculosis had higher demands for training on professional knowledge; participants that worked on construction of resident archives, children healthcare management and health management of patients with chronic diseases had higher demands for training on professional skills; participants with a specialty in general practice, preventive medicine and public health, participants that worked on construction of resident archives, health management of pregnant and lying-in women, health management of elderly people and health management of patients with severe mental disorders, report and response of infectious diseases and emergency public health events had higher demands for training on basic public health service guidelines; participants that worked on vaccination, report and response of infectious diseases and emergency public health events and assisted management of health and family planning supervision had higher demands for training on epidemiological surveys; participants that worked on health management of patients with chronic diseases, assisted management of health and family planning supervision, and participants with experiences of clinical practices had higher demands for training on development of interventions (all P<0.05). Conclusions The grassroots public health personnel have a high demand for license skill training in Hohhot City, and age-, specialty- and job-specific training is required.

Summary: A prokaryotic expression recombinant plasmid pET-PIB to express porin B (PIB) of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in E.coli DE3 was constructed in order to provide a basis of research in detection, prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine against the pathogen infection. The gene encoding PIB was amplified by PCR from Neisseria gonorrhoeae and cloned into prokaryotic expression plasmid pET-28a(+) to construct a pET-PIB recombinant, which was verified by restriction endonuclease and DNA sequencing. Protein PIB was expressed in E.coli DE3 induced with IPTG. The antigenicity of the expressed protein was evaluated by indirect ELISA. Rabbits were immunized with the protein and serum was collected after immunization. To assess the immunogenicity of the protein, the titer of serum to protein PIB was determined by ELISA. DNA sequence analysis showed that the nucleic acid sequence of PIB gene was 99.28 % of homology compared with that (NGPIB18) published in GenBank. A 41 kD fused protein was detected by SDS-PAGE and was proven to have reactivity with anti-PIB polyclonal antibody from mouse. A polyclonal antibody to PIB of 1:4000 titer determined by indirect ELISA was obtained from rabbit immunized with the purified product. Recombinant plasmid encoding PIB of Neisseria gonorrhoeae was constructed. Protein PIB with antigenicity and immunogenicity was successfully expressed.

As technologies are progressing rapidly in many aspects, microPET has been developing worldwide at present. The principle, up-to-date status and development of microPET, as well as its existing problems which should be solved, have been introduced in this paper.
Positron-Emission Tomography ; methods ; trends

Objective To explorethe mechanism and down stream signaling pathways of ZNF185 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Methods The expression of ZNF185 was knocked down by conducting shRNA transfection of esophageal squamous carcinoma cell lines,and the changes of mRNA expression were detected by transcriptome sequencing technology. The differential genes were screened based on sequencing data,and the differential gene-related functions and signaling pathways were analyzed by GO functional analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis. The interactions of differential proteins were analyzed by STRING,and the related protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was constructed to analyze the keynode proteins. Results There were 3859 differential genes between shZNF185 group and the control group,including 2112 genes with elevated expressionand 1747 genes with decreased expression. RNA splicing cell-matrix junction,local adhesion were significantly enriched in GO analysis. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that ZNF185 might be related to HIF-1 signaling pathwayand p53 signaling pathway,and key proteins such as BMP2 and OAS2 were identified in PPI network. Conclusion The possible signaling pathways involved in the regulation of esophageal squamous carcinoma by ZNF185 werescreened out by transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis, which provide a newidea to elucidate the pathogenesis associated with esophageal squamous carcinoma.

Autonomic nerves play a bidirectional regulatory role in the central nervous system and enteric nervous system， influencing gastrointestinal motility， digestion， and absorption. Heart rate variability has been increasingly studied as an index to assess autonomic function in functional gastrointestinal disorders （FGIDs）. This article reviews the role of autonomic nerves in the pathophysiological process of FGIDs and related clinical applications， with the aim to provide new ideas for the research and clinical treatment of FGIDs.

Abdominal pain is a prominent syndrome in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which greatly affects the quality of life of patients. Due to the complexity of etiology and great individual variation, abdominal pain treatment in IBS patients is still a clinical difficulty. The treatment of IBS pain includes non ‑ drug therapy (lifestyle intervention such as diet and exercise, gut microbiota modulation), drug therapy (antispasmodics, peppermint oil, antidepressants, non ‑ absorbed antibiotic) and psychological behavior intervention. This article reviewed the status and progress of pain treatment in IBS, so as to provide evidences for clinicians.

Intestinal mucus barrier is a gel network composed of mucin, water and antimicrobial peptides. It is the first line defense of host against intestinal pathogens, and is also important for the survival and proliferation of symbiotic bacteria. Mucins are mainly synthesized and secreted by goblet cells of intestine, forming different structures in different intestinal segments. Nowadays more and more studies have shown that the mucus barrier is not only closely related to intestinal infection, inflammatory bowel disease, intestinal tumor and other intestinal diseases, but also involved in the occurrence and development of some extraintestinal diseases, such as acute pancreatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which may become a new target for the treatment of various related diseases in the future.

Piezo proteins, including Piezo1, Piezo2, are non-selective mechanosensitive ion channels. They have similar biophysical characteristics, which can transform mechanical signals into biological electric signals. Studies have shown that Piezo proteins play important roles in mechanical-relevant physiological functions and pathophysiological changes of a variety of organs, including gastrointestinal tract. This article reviewed the relationship between Piezo1/2 proteins and digestive system diseases, and discussed the roles of Piezo1/2 under mechanical stress in the development of digestive system diseases, so as to provide a novel target in the study of pathogenesis and treatment of relevant digestive system diseases.