Objective To explore the status of oxidative stress (OS) in the first-episode schizophrenia patients (FEP) and to examine the effects of antipsychotic drugs on oxidative stress of FEP. Methods The plasma total superox?ide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were measured in forty-seven FEP (case group) and forty-three healthy volunteers (control group) before and after treatment. Eighteen cases completed 6-week treatment with risperidone (risperidone group) and twenty-five cases completed 6-week treatment with olanzapine (olanzapine group). Results The activity of T-SOD and GSH-Px were lower (P<0.05) and CAT was higher (P<0.05 ) while there was no significant difference in T-AOC (P>0.05) in FEP compared to the control group. Risperidone and olanzapine significantly improved T-SOD and T-AOC, respectively (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the changes of oxidative stress indicators after treatment (P>0.05). Conclusion FEP has alterations of antioxidant enzymes, which may be related to the pathogenesis of schizo?phrenia. Antipsychotics risperidone and olanzapine may improve the oxidative stress in FEP.

Objective To analyze the clicinal feature and therapy of the children with severe pancreatitis.Methods The clinical data of 12 children with severe pancreatitis were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Results All the cases had acute onset,10 cases had abdominal pain and fever,6 cases had abnormal blood glucose,2cases had gastrointestinal bleeding.All these cases had abdominal distention,hypoactive bowel sounds,ascites,intestinal obstruction.All these cases had a higher level of blood and urine amylase than normal,and abnormal liver function.9 cases had elevated WBC,3 cases had descendant blood calcium,edematous and inflammatory thymus were presented in 12 cases,2 of whom were associated with expancreatical damage,such as liver,intestinal,and biliary tract stones.Conclusion The early stage of severe pancreatitis is not obvious in symptoms and signs,and is prone to multiple organ damage or failure to which all pediatric clinicians should have high alert.

Objective To establish a method for the preparation of long-circulating liposomes (LCL) containing etoposide and to observe its stability in rats plasma.Methods The etoposide-containing liposome was prepared by ethanol injection method. Polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (PEG2000-DSPE) was used to modify the membrane of the liposome. Reversed-phase high pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was used to detect the concentration of the liposome,and dynamic release method was used to study its stability in mice plasma.Results The mean size of the LCL containing etoposide was (180?26) nm,and the mean concentration of etoposide was (4.78?0.22) mg/mL,with the entrapment efficiency being (88.71?8.2)%. The leakage ratio of the conventional liposome containing etoposide and LCL containing etoposide in mice plasma were (80.14?1.59)% and (46.72?2.61)%,respectively.Conclusion LCL containing etoposide with high entrapment efficiency and low leakage rate can be obtained by using ethanol injection method. Additionally,modification by PEG2000-DSPE could raise the stability of the liposome.

BACKGROUND: The recurrent attack of infantile bronchiolitis is one of the main causes of hospitalization, and its recurrent attack is closely related to the formation of asthma. In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells have been widely used in disease research. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the preventive effect of human placental mesenchymal stem cells on bronchiolitis in mice induced by respiratory syncytial virus. METHODS: Forty Balb/c mice were randomly divided into mesenchymal stem cell pretreatment group, saline pretreatment group, model group, and normal group, with 10 in each group. The mice in the mesenchymal stem cell pretreatment group were pre-injected with 1 mL human placenta mesenchymal stem cells (containing 1 × 106 cells) in the tail vein. The mice in the saline pretreatment group were injected with the same amount of normal saline in the tail vein. The mice in the model group and the normal group were not treated. After 4 weeks of routine feeding, every week except the normal group, the model of bronchiolitis was established by nose drops, once a day, for 2 consecutive days. At 24 hours after the last nasal drip, cough and asthma, cyanosis around mouth and extremities and pathological changes of lung tissue were observed; interleukin-4 level in peripheral blood and GATA3 protein expression in lung tissue were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the model group, the symptoms and inflammation of lung tissue were significantly reduced in the mesenchymal stem cell pretreatment group. (2) Interleukin-4 level in peripheral blood and GATA3 protein expression in lung tissue were significantly lower in the mesenchymal stem cell pretreatment group than those in the model group (P < 0.01). (3) Interleukin-4 level in peripheral blood and GATA3 protein expression in lung tissue did not significantly change in the saline pretreatment group compared with the model group (P > 0.05). (4) Results suggest that pretreatment of placental mesenchymal stem cells can significantly reduce the content of inflammatory factors interleukin-4 and GATA3 in the peripheral blood of mice with bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus infection in the short term, and reduce the degree of inflammation of bronchiolitis.

Objective To establish a high-throughput evaluation model for anaphylactic reactions; To screen and identify potential anaphylactogens from TCM monomeric compounds.MethodsCell model of stably expressed MrgX2 was established. Recombinate plasmid pmCherry-C1-MrgX2 was transfected to HEK293 to establish cell line for screening model. MrgX2 agonist and antagonist were used to identify the validation and stability of the cell line. A small library consisting of 180 compounds was profiled by using a cell-based calcium mobilization assay to find novel compounds targeting the MrgX2 receptor. EC50 test, IC50 test, specificity validation and cytotoxicity evaluation were carried out to detect the function of the positive agonist.ResultsThe EC50 of C48/80 to MrgX2 model was 2.7 μg/mL and the IC50 of 2-APB (evoked by 10 μg/mL C48/80) was 46.29 μmol/L. The first generation cell model of MrgX2 was similar to the 20th generation, and the Z factor of MrgX2 cell model was 0.78. In the primary screening for agonist, isoliensinine was identified as a novel agonist targeting receptor MrgX2 with an EC50 of 4.5 μmol/L and IC50 of39.47 μmol/L. Moreover, isoliensinine was validated to activate MrgX2 receptor specifically without cytotoxicity. Conclusion A high-throughput evaluation method for anaphylactic reactions can be established in vitro through calcium mobilization assay. A potential anaphylactogen isoliensinine is identified and validated.

Studies showed that low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) diet can improve the symptoms of gastrointestinal dysfunction of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, the mechanism may be related to decrease of secretion of intestinal liquid and production of gas.Specific carbohydrate diet and paleolithic diet may be suitable for IBD patients.This article reviewed the advances in study on effects of different diets on gastrointestinal dysfunction in patients with IBD.

This report summarized the nursing experience of caring for twice skin grafts in a patient with enteroatmospheric fistula after trauma.Keys to nursing success including:monitoring vital signs closely to prevent septic shock,blocking enteroatmospheric fistula (EAF) and sucking overflowed intestinal juice timely,promoting the protection of the graft on abdominal wall wounds,strengthing drainage and lavage with the application of abdominal double cannula to control abdominal infection,early nutrion support with parenteral nutrition in combination with trophic enteral nutrition to improve intestinal immune function,and attaching importance to post-traumatic stress disorder.Timely blocking of EAF is the bases of skin graft healing.

Purpose To investigate 1H-MRS in differentiating intracranial lymphoma from tumor-like demyelinating lesions. Materials and Methods Thirty-three cases of intracranial lymphoma confirmed by pathology and 18 cases of tumor-like demyelinating lesions confirmed by pathology or clinic were recruited in this study. Imaging data including single-voxel (TE=144 ms) 1H-MRS was retrospective analyzed. The Cho/Cr and Cho/NAA area ratios were calculated. The lipid and lactate peak was visually categorized into 5 grades based on the ratio of Lip-Lac peak to the height of the Cr peak. 1H-MRS findings of the intracranial lymphoma and the tumor-like demyelinating lesions were compared. The differentiation of the two diseases diagnosed by 1H-MRS and conventional MR were evaluated by use of receiver operating characteristic curves. Results There were significant difference of Cho/Cr, Cho/NAA ratio and Lip-Lac peak level between the intracranial lymphoma and tumor-like demyelinating lesions (P<0.001). It was more likely to be intracranial lymphoma when Cho/Cr ratio was>2.56, Cho/NAA ratio was>1.71, and Lip-Lac peak grade was>3. Cho/Cr, Cho/NAA ratio and Lip-Lac peak grade were found higher in atypical intracranial lymphomas when compared with those of tumor-like demyelinating lesions. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of conventional MR was increased from 0.827 to 0.870 when Cho/NAA ratio was added for analysis in the 28 uncertain cases. Conclusion 1H-MRS has great clinical significance for differentiating intracranial lymphoma from tumor-like demyelinating lesions. The values of Cho/Cr ratio>2.56, Cho/NAA ratio>1.71 and Lip-Lac grade >3 suggest intracranial lymphoma rather than TDLs. When the conventional MR imaging features can not do the differentiation, Cho/NAA ratio is a useful complement.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of short-term sensor-augmented insulin-pump (SAP) therapy for poorly controlled patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).Methods Sixty T1DM patients with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)>9.0% were randomly assigned to 2 groups treated with SAP or multiple daily insulin injection ( MDI) for 6 days, then all patients converted to MDI therapy. Results Compared with MDI group and before therapy, the mean blood glucose concentration ( MBG) , SD of blood glucose, mean amplitude of glycemic excursion ( MAGE) and 24-h area under curve at 10.0 ( AUC10.0 ) levels in SAP group significantly decreased after 6-day therapy ( compared with MDI group:t=1.761,P=0.028, t=2.569,P=0.037, t=2.712,P=0.020, t=2.985,P=0.014, compared with before therapy:t=3.128,P=0.006, t=2.689,P=0.024, t=2.966,P=0.013, t=3.076,P=0.009);while there was no difference in 24-h area under curve at 3.9 (AUC3.9) between groups (P>0.05).After 1 month follow-up HbA1c levels decreased in SAP group (t=2.344,P=0.023) and were significantly lower than those in MDI group (t=1.844, P=0.035).There was no difference in daily insulin dosage, fasting C peptide (FCP) and postprandial 2h C peptide (2hCP) between two groups (P>0.05).Age (t=2.125, P=0.012) and SAP therapy (t=3.376, P=0.009) were independently correlated with the HbA1c after 1 month.Conclusion Short-term SAP therapy is effective and safe for poorly controlled T1DM patients with rapid glucose lowering and glycemic excursions reduction.

This study was aimed to establish a method for the content determination of three components in Tribulus terrestris L., in order to compare index components of different growing periods, production places and medical parts for the scientific explanation of the harvesting time and growing places. Contents of three effective components inTribulus terrestris L., which were quercetin-3-O-β-D-gentiobioside, isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-gentiobioside and Terrestrinone A2, were determined by HPLC. The results showed that contents of three evaluation indexes all gradually increased until June and then started reducing. The contents in all evaluated indexes were in the order of the stem and leaf > fruit > root. And the content in the root was below the detection limit. The content indexes ofTribulus terrestris L. of the Inner Mongolia were much higher than that of other regions. It was followed byShandong,Hebei andShanxi province. It was concluded that the method was simple and accurate with good repeatability and stability, which was suitable for quality control ofTribulus terrestris L.