The process of unfolded or misfolded proteins accumulated in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen termed endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), which can result in a variety of prevalent disease, such as autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders and cancer.In order to alleviate the pressure of ERS, eukaryotic cells produce a kind of adaptive intracellular signaling pathway which we called unfolded protein response (UPR, which main role is to remove misfolded proteins and restore endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis.However, apoptosis will be trigger if ERS increases continuously.There are many endoplasmic reticulum in Liver cells, the development of liver cancer is closely related to ERS and apoptosis.Therefore, finding a new method for the treatment of liver cancer in theory from the ERS induced apoptosis pathway seems so meaningful.

Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Occupational Health Services ; standards

Twenty-four rabbits' patellar ligaments were elongated 3 mm surgically, which decreased the pressure of the patellar articular cartilage. The pathological changes of cartilage and subchondral bone of the patellar were examined by light microscope and scanning electron microscope sequentially. 4 weeks after the surgery, proliferation of blood vessels in the subchondral bone and their invasion into the calcafied cartilage were seen, without abnormality in the patellar articular cartilage. After 8 weeks, irregularity of the tide mark and cartilage cells column, and peripheral part of the cartilage showed cluster formation. After 12 weeks, degeneration extended to the superficial layer of the cartilage, producing blister formation, fibrillation and a decrease in the thickness of the cartilage. These findings were similar to the histological changes of chondromalacia patellae. It was further suggested that decrease of pressure on the cartilage could be considered to be one of the causes for articular cartilage injury, and patella alta be correlated with chondromalacia of the patella.

Humans ; Occupational Health ; Stress, Psychological

Burnout, Professional ; Humans

Ergonomics ; Humans ; Musculoskeletal Diseases ; Occupational Diseases

Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is the most common adverse event of thoracic radiotherapy, which primarily occurs within the 3 months after the beginning of radiotherapy. RP can not only negatively affect the pulmonary function and quality of life of patients, but also limit the prescribed dose and the implementation of radiotherapy plan, lower the radiotherapy efficacy and even lead to death. Currently, multiple studies have been conducted to explore the predictive factors of RP. In this article, clinical predictive factors including dosimetric parameters, peripheral blood cells along with cytokines and pulmonary function parameters were classified and illustrated, aiming to provide valuable predictive indicators for clinical use and reduce the incidence of RP.

Objective To investigate changes in serum bilirubin and internal environment,etc.of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia that before and after the treatment of peripherally arteriovenous synchronous exchange transfusion. Methods In the strict monitoring of vital signs,hyperbilirubinemia peripheral vessels exchange transfusion was applied in five cases of neonatal,and the serum bilirubin,routine blood test,electrolytes before and after the exchange transfusion were detected.Results By comparing the data before and after the exchange transfusion,the total bilirubin and indirect bilirubin decreased obviously,respectively[(414.02 ±56.04)μmol/L,(225.72 ±53.54)μmol/L,t =5.433 P =0.01,(381.82 ±44.68)μmol/L,(199.22 ±57.37 )μmol/L,t =5.615 P =0.01 ],the difference was statistically significant,and also the platelet count were decreased obviously,respectively [(199.00 ± 42.01)×109 /L,(102.00 ±17.72)×109 /L,t =4.758,P =0.001],the difference was statistically significant.After the exchange transfusion,white blood cells,hemoglobin,potassium,sodium,chloride,calcium,glucose,blood pressure, heart rate and blood PH value had decreased or increased slightly,there was no significant difference P >0.05.Cere-bral palsy and other complications did not occur after 12 months of follow -up of the five cases.Conclusion The outer peripheral arteriovenous synchronous exchange transfusion therapy for neonatal severe hyperbilirubinemia can quickly reduce serum bilirubin,and has less impact on the body environment,it is an important and effective salvage treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,thereby reducing damage to the nervous system of bilirubin.

Objective To investigate the reasons and prevention measures of anastomotic leak after total mesorectal excision (TME) in middle and lower rectal cancer.Methods Clinical data of 216 cases of middle and lower rectal cancer patients from March 2005 to March 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.Results All the 216 cases,anastomotic leak occurred in 19 cases,which from March 2005 to February 2009 surgery in 96 cases,13 cases of anastomotic leak,from March 2009 to March 2013 surgery in 120 cases,6 cases of anastomotic leak.Time of the anastomotic leak occurrence was postoperative 4-10 d with an average of 7.3 d.There was no correlation between the occurrence of postoperative anastomotic leak and gender,Dukes stage,histological type and incomplete intestinal obstruction (P ＞ 0.05).However,there was correlation with the age,tumor distance from the anal margin lower end,anemia,hypoproteinemia,diabetes and the stapler hand-sewn anastomosis strengthen (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.0 1).Sixteen cases were healed by conservative treatment,3 patients with severe anastomotic fistula underwent transverse colostomy surgery to cure.Conclusions Anastomotic leak after TME in middle and lower rectal cancer is caused by a variety of factors,fine operation technique,good agreement,full-effective drainage and anal is the key factor to reduce the occurrence of anastomotic leak.Anemia,hypoproteinemia,diabetes and low anastomotic are the risk factors for the anastomotic leak,most cases of anastomotic leak are able to cured by conservative treatment,and if the conservative treatment fails,then choose the right time to colostomy.