Objective To explore biomechanical properties and clinical results of a new type of dynamic Hoffmann external fixator(NDHEF)for tibial shaft fractures.Methods Fifteen specimens of adult tibia were randomly divided into three groups and osteotomized obliquely in the mid part of the tibia.These specimens were fixed with NDHEF,improved Hoffmann external fixator(IHEF)and maltifunctional external fixator(MEF)re- spectively.The axial compression,bending,torsion and stress shielding tests were performed on the specimens in each group for biomechanical comparison.From 1995 to 2004,40 cases of open tibiofihular fractures were treated with NDHEF and 88 cases with IHEF and their clinical results were analyzed and compared.Results The biomechanical tests showed that the compressive rigidity,bending rigidity and torsion rigidity of NDHEF were similar to those of IHEF(P＞0.05)but significantly stronger than those of MEF(P＜0.05).The stress shielding of NDHEF was obviously weaker than that of other external fixators(P＜0.05).All the 128 cases were followed up for 12 to 36 months(average,16.8 months).The mean substantial bone healing time for NDHEF treatment was 22.3 weeks and that for IHEF was 26.8 weeks.The difference was significant(P＜0.05).The rates of delayed union and malunion were all 7.5% for NDHEF,but 15.9% and 4.5% respectively for IHEF.The difference was insignificant (P＞0.05).Conclusions The biomechanical performance of NDHEF is superior to that of IHEF,for it can diminish the stress shielding and accelerate bone healing.It is a good external fixator for tibial fractures.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the enantioselectivity of norgestrel (NG) transdermal permeation and the potential influence of linalool and lipids on the enantioselectivity. In vitro skin permeation studies of NG across the excised rat skins were performed with Valia-Chien diffusion cells, and the permeation samples were analyzed by enantioselective HPLC. The possible enantioselective permeation of NG across intact rat back skin and lipids extracted rat back skin and the influence of linalool were evaluated. The skin permeation rate of dl-NG was two times higher than that of l-NG when donor solutions (EtOH/H2O 2 : 8, v/v) containing l-NG or dl-NG. It may be mainly attributed to the solubility discrepancy between enantiomer and racemate. The enantioselective permeation of dl-NG across intact rat skin was observed when the donor solutions containing dl-linalool. The permeation flux of l-NG was 22% higher than that of d-NG. But interestingly, the enantioselective permeation of dl-NG disappeared under the same experimental condition except that the lipid extracted rat skin was used. Attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of stratum corneum showed that the wave number for asymmetric CH2 stretching vibrations of lipids treated with dl-linalool was greater than that of the control. The results indicated that the enantioselective permeation of NG may be contributed by the interaction between dl-linalool and lipids. More than half of lipids were composed of ceramides. The stereospecific interaction maybe existed among chiral enhancer (linalool), lipids (ceramides) and/or chiral drugs (NG).
Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Lipids ; pharmacology ; Monoterpenes ; pharmacology ; Norgestrel ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Skin Absorption ; drug effects ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Stereoisomerism

OBJECTIVE:To improve the level of rational drug use,and to reduce the workload of clinical pharmacists. METH-ODS:Established“Intelligent Management and Solution for Clinical Rational Drug Use”of our hospital was introduced,including post-prescription review(all prescriptions review)system, self-maintenance system for rational drug use knowledge base,pre-pre-scription review (rational drug use real-time review) early warning system. The effects of intelligent system were evaluated. RE-SULTS & CONCLUSIONS:After the application of the system,the following aspects could be achieved,including“all prescrip-tions review”,“multi-prescriptions/longitudinal review”,system knowledge base real-time update and autonomous definition of re-view rules,effective communication and intervention between physicians and pharmacists before printing prescription by Yaozhidao instant messaging system. Through related trial evaluation,the proportion of false positive prescriptions decreased by 17.65% after 4 months of the application of the system;drug consultation prescriptions review average score of outpatient pharmacists increased from 81 to 94.85;the time of prescription review decreased by 4.72-5.46 times. Through mandatory interception of unqualified pre-scriptions,severe warning,timely prompt and pharmacists’intervention,the rate of unqualified prescriptions pre-reviewed by the system in respiration department decreased from 32% in Jan. 2015 and 21% in May to 4.62% in Dec. So,the application of the system promotes rational drug use in outpatient department,reduces the workload of pharmacists and ensures the safety of drug use comprehensively.

Objective:To investigate the expression of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and its clinical significance in breast invasive ductal carcinoma ( BIDC).Methods: We detected SphK1 expression in 58 samples of surgically resected paired BIDC and normal tumor-adjacent tissues samples by using immunohistochemistry.The correlation between SphK 1 expression and clinicopathologic features was analyzed.Results: The positive expression rate of SphK 1 in BIDC tissues was 69.0% ( 40/58 ) , while its positive expression rate in normal tumor-adjacent was 17.2% (10/58),the difference was statistical significance (χ2=31.636,P=0.000). Clinicopathological evaluation suggested that SphK 1 positive expression was associated with ER negative (χ2=4.392,P=0.036),PR negative (χ2=7.920 , P=0.005 ) , lymph node metastasis (χ2 =5.033 , P=0.025 ) and tumor stage (χ2 =7.117 , P=0.008 ) . Conclusion:The high-expression of SphK1 is correlated with the poor clinicopathological features in BIDC ,suggesting SphK1 may play a key role in development and progression of BIDC.

Objective To study the expression of anticentromere antibody (ACA)on multiple diseases to help the clinical diag-nosis and treatment.Methods The clinical and laboratory data of 129 cases with positive ACA were retrospectively ana-lyzed.Results ①116 females and 13 males were found among 129 cases with positive ACA,and serology titer of ACA in fe-male patients was higher than male and more compound antibody were shown in female patients,which was significantly dif-ferent compared with males (χ2=6.28,P=0.01;χ2=6.85,P=0.003).②Among 118 cases which had detailed clinical in-formation,there were 65 patients suffered from autoimmune diseases (55.08%)and 53 cases suffered from non-autoimmune diseases (44.92%).Autoimmune disease cases showed more compound and high serology titer,there were significant differ-ence between the two groups (χ2=21.97,P<0.001;χ2=11.44,P=0.001).Conclusion Though ACA was rarely found,it was shown in autoimmune and non-autoimmune diseases and can be not too severe or fetal and even lead to multi-organ fail-ure.So it should be taken seriously.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the enantioselectivity of norgestrel (NG) transdermal permeation and the potential influence of linalool and lipids on the enantioselectivity. In vitro skin permeation studies of NG across the excised rat skins were performed with Valia-Chien diffusion cells, and the permeation samples were analyzed by enantioselective HPLC. The possible enantioselective permeation of NG across intact rat back skin and lipids extracted rat back skin and the influence of linalool were evaluated. The skin permeation rate of dl-NG was two times higher than that of l-NG when donor solutions (EtOH/H2O 2 : 8, v/v) containing l-NG or dl-NG. It may be mainly attributed to the solubility discrepancy between enantiomer and racemate. The enantioselective permeation of dl-NG across intact rat skin was observed when the donor solutions containing dl-linalool. The permeation flux of l-NG was 22% higher than that of d-NG. But interestingly, the enantioselective permeation of dl-NG disappeared under the same experimental condition except that the lipid extracted rat skin was used. Attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of stratum corneum showed that the wave number for asymmetric CH2 stretching vibrations of lipids treated with dl-linalool was greater than that of the control. The results indicated that the enantioselective permeation of NG may be contributed by the interaction between dl-linalool and lipids. More than half of lipids were composed of ceramides. The stereospecific interaction maybe existed among chiral enhancer (linalool), lipids (ceramides) and/or chiral drugs (NG).

In 2013, the World Health Organization reported the first case of human infection with a new influenza A (H7N9) virus in China. This has caused damage and panic within certain areas in China. Therefore, analysis of this virus with bioinformatics technology is very necessary. Neuraminidase (NA) is one of the most important antigens of the influenza virus and an important target for anti-flu drugs. In this study, the nucleotide and protein sequences of NA gene of A/H7N9 influenza viruses were retrieved from the NCBI database, and MEGA 5.0 software was employed to construct a phylogenetic tree based on the nucleotide coding sequence; BioEdit software was used to align the nucleotide and protein sequences of NA and calculate the homologies of nucleotides and amino acids and then to analyze the important mutation sites of NA gene. The results demonstrated that the spread of influenza virus H7N9 showed certain geographical and temporal relations. The H7N9 virus isolated from China in 2013 belonged to Euroasiatic serotype, and its NA stalk region hadobvious variation, which may be one of the reasons that this virus infects human. These analyses may be very helpful for understanding the evolutionary relationship and mutation trend of A/H7N9 influenza viruses.
Databases, Genetic ; Evolution, Molecular ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ; enzymology ; genetics ; Mutation ; Neuraminidase ; chemistry ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis

AIMTo study the chemical constituents in the mycelia of Hypomyces sp..

METHODSSilica gel column chromatography was employed for the isolation and purification. Chemical and spectral methods were used to determine the structures of the isolated compounds.

RESULTSTwo compounds were isolated and identified as: hypomycin C (I) and hypomycin D (II).

CONCLUSIONCompounds I and II are new compounds.

Chromatography, Gel ; methods ; Fermentation ; Hypocreales ; chemistry ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Mycelium ; chemistry ; Perylene ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Quinones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

〔Abstract〕 The paper explains the construction background and objective of the graded diagnosis information system based on the provincial health information platform in Zhejiang province and introduces the system framework and function in detail .This system pro-vides uniform referral information service for medical institutions at all levels all over the province and realizes the exchange and sharing of dual referral records between basic health service institutions and big hospitals .

Abstract: Objective　To explore the correlation between monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) and insulin resistance (IR) in male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with metabolic-related fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Methods A total of 454 male patients with T2DM combined with MAFLD in National Metabolic Management Center (MMC) of the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University from May 2018 to July 2020 were enrolled. The general clinical data of subjects were collected, blood routine and biochemical indexes were tested, homeostasis model insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated, visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) were measured. Accordingtothe MHR quartile, patients were divided into group Q1 (MHR≤0.38), group Q2 (0.380.64) to compare the differences in measured indicators above. In addition, patients were divided into two groups according to HOMA-IR, HOMA-IR<2.5 and HOMA-IR≥2.5, and the differences in MHR were compared. Results The patients were divided into four groups according to MHR:group Q1 (n=115), group Q2 (n=110), group Q3 (n=120) and group Q4 (n=109). Fasting insulin (FINS) were respectively 6.17(4.20,9.76), 7.73(4.94,10.66), 8.92(5.32,11.33) and 9.13(5.25,12.27) mU/L, 2-hour postprandial insulin were 22.75(12.87,39.59), 27.55(16.44,39.77), 30.98(17.46,43.11) and 31.28(18.54,45.92) U/L. HOMA-IR were 3.12(1.63,4.25), 3.72(2.26,4.66), 3.87(2.48,5.44) and 3.95(2.42,5.31). Neutrophil (Neu) were 3.10(2.60,3.70), 3.20(2.50,3.93), 3.60(2.80,4.28), 4.20(3.30,5.00)×109/L. Subcutaneous fat area (SFA) were (181.27±53.60), (192.64±62.41), (199.53±61.40) and (203.69±71.51) cm2. They all increased gradually. However, the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) [1.18(1.06,1.35), 1.02(0.86,1.17), 0.96(0.80,1.03) and 0.80(0.69,0.92) mmol/L] and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) [(3.00±0.79), (2.76±0.83), (2.67±0.85) and (2.59±0.92) mmol/L] decreased gradually. Pearson's or Spearman's correlation analysis showed that MHR was positively correlated with FINS, 2-hour postprandial insulin (2hINS), HOMA-IR, VFA and SFA (r=0.190, 0.153, 0.184, 0.114, 0.127, P<0.05). The coronary heart disease history, systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting plasmaglucose (FPG), FINS, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood uric acid (Ur), body mass index (BMI), VFA, SFA and MHR of patients in group HOMA-IR≥2.5 were higher than group HOMA-IR<2.5 (P<0.05). Conclusion　MHR is positively correlated with IR in male patients with T2DM combined with MAFLD, and as MHR increases, the degree of IR is higher.