Purpose　The aim is to breed a highly productive γ-linolenic acid mutant strain.Methods　The original strain Mortierella ramanniance AS 3.3413 was treated by 5-FU,UV,LiCl as mutanting agent.Results　A highly productive γ-linolenic acid mutant strain F5 was successfully obtained.The γ-linolenic acid yield of mutant strain F5 was increased by 300% as compared with that of the original strain.Pass-generation test showed that the heredity character of mutant strain F5 was stable.After the optimal medium and culture condition was established, the yield of γ-linolenic acid was up to 1 153.63 mg/L,and was increased by 335.87% as compared with that of the original strain.Conclusion　The mutant strain can be used for the industrial production of GLA.

Objective To study the regiments of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in admitted type 2 diabetic patients, and to analyse the factors related to its effectiveness and insulin dosage. Methods A total of 1 276 type 2 diabetic patients were treated by CSII. The total efficacy of CSII was evaluted. The use of CSII was also analysed in the newly diagnosed patients, elderly patients, and patients with obese or infectious disease. Results The excellent control of blood glucose were achieved in (5.7±2.6)days in the dosage more early and quickly in the newly diagnosed group than that in the previously diagnosed group after the blood glucose levels achieved good control. The percentage of the patients reached the clinical relieve was also higher in the newly diagnosed group. The incidence of hypoglycemia was significantly higher in the elderly patients with lower basal insulin dosage at night. The bolus insulin dosage in the obese patients was higher than that in the non-obese patients. The patients with infectious disease usually have a higher basal insulin dosage than those without infectious disease. The days needed for achieving good control of blood glucose and the insulin dosage were related to infectious factors, the basal blood glucose and obesity. Conclusion The application of CSII among the patients is varied with different conditions. Blood glucose level, body mass index and infection factors are important to determine the initial insulin dosage.

Objective To discuss the values of three screening methods for the detection of early breast cancer,and to analyze the features of the screening cancer.Methods The first screening of breast cancer were performed in 5307 women who aged from 20 to 76 years with median age of 49 years.The three screening methods included physical examination with ultrasound and mammography,physical examination with mammography and mammography only.The rate of recall,biopsy,cancer detection of three methods were analyzed and the mammographic findings were reviewed Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test were used for the statistics.Results The recall rates were 4.90% (49/1001),6.90%(166/2407)and 4.48% (85/1899) in three methods respectively,the biopsy rates were 1.60% (16/1001),1.04% (25/2407) and 0.63%(12/1899),the cancer detection rates were 0.50% (5/1001),0.17% (4/2407) and 0 (0/1899).There were statistical differences among the three groups (X2=12.99,6.264,8.764,P < 0.05).Physical examination with ultrasound and mammnography had the highest cancer detection rate,ten breast cancers were detected and 8 were early stage breast cancer.Of seven cancers detected by mammography,only two were found by ultrasound.A cluster of calcifications were found in 2 cases,linear calcifications in 2 cases.One case presented as a asymmetric density,one as a asymmetric density with calcifications,one as multiple nodules with a duster of calcifications.Two breast cancers presented as asymmetric density were missed on mammography and diagnosed correctly after retrospective review.Conclusion Physical examination with ultrasound and mammography is the best method for breast cancer screening.The breast cancer can be detected by mammography earlier than other methods.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of four different cements on the bonding effectiveness of root canal dentine and fiber post before and after different treatments.

METHODSA total of 216 freshly extracted sound single-root-canal mandibular premolars were randomly divided into four groups. After root canal treatment and post space preparation being conducted on the premolars, Fuji I, Fuji Cem, RelyX Unicem, RelyX ARC were used respectively to bond fiber posts and were marked with group A, B, C, and D. Microleakage, micromorphology of the bonded interfaces, and pull-out bond strength were evaluated in the immediate group, thermocycling group and thermomechanical loading group.

RESULTSIn the immediate group, samples in group D showed the highest bond strength [(278 ± 26)N], followed by group C[ (219 ± 12) N], B[ (104 ± 23) N] and A[(73 ± 8) N]. Significant differences were found among all groups (P < 0.05) . A significant increase in bond strength was found in group A and B, whereas a decrease tendency was detected in group C and D after different treatments.Scanning electron microscope indicated that some little gaps were observed in group D after treatment, while a more intense bonding interface was found in group A and B. Microleakage scores in group A and B were lower than those in group C and D after aging treatments.

CONCLUSIONSResin cement can achieve a better immediate bond strength, while resin-modified resin cement may acquire a better long-term retention.

Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate ; Dental Bonding ; Dental Cementum ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Dentin ; Dentin-Bonding Agents ; Glass ; Glass Ionomer Cements ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Polymethacrylic Acids ; Post and Core Technique ; Resin Cements