BACKGROUND:Lithium chloridecan promote the proliferation and osteogenic capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels in the necrotic region after avascular necrosis of the femoral head, which has become an issue of concern. OBJECTIVE:To compare the advantages and disadvantages of bone marrow stem cel transplantation combined with lithium chloride in the treatment of rabbit femoral head necrosis. METHODS: Passage 2 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels from 1-week-old New Zealand rabbits were cultured in 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 mmol/L lithium chloride. Forty-eight healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were selected to make femoral head necrosis models in the right femoral head using liquid nitrogen freezing method and then randomized into four groups: model group with no implantation; lithium chloride group given lithium chloride treatment at 3 days after modeling; cel transplantation group given gelatin sponge implantation and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel suspension injection into the femoral head after modeling; combined group given bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel suspension injection and lithium chloride treatment. Intraperitoneal injection of lithium chloride (45.2 mg/kg) was given daily beginning at the postoperative 3rdday, and the treatment duration was 4 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Lithium chloride at 10 mmol/L had the maximum effect on the proliferation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels, and if the concentration of lithium chloride was > 10 mmol/L, the promotion role of lithium chloride began to decline. After combined treatment, the morphology of the femoral head was restored a little, with increased bone density and thickened trabecular bone; the level of β-catenin in the femoral head was significantly increased in the combined group compared with the cel transplantation group or the lithium chloride group. These findings show that bone marrow stem cel transplantation combined with lithium chloride treatment can promote the recovery from femoral head necrosis by increasing bone mass of the trabecular bone and bone density of the femoral head in the necrotic region.

Objective To evaluate the effect of wild feces detection in Oncomelania hupensis environments on the surveil?lance of infection source of schistosomiasis,and find the weakness in schistosomiasis control in Hubei Province,so as to put for?ward the targeted strategies and measures. Methods Four environments with O. hupensis snails in endemic areas of Hubei Provinces,where human and livestock often haunted,were selected according to the river systems,namely the Juzhanghe River beach in Jingzhou City,Changjiang River beach in Jiayu County,Hanbei River beach in Tianmen City,and Changshou River beach in Zhongxiang City,then the snail survey and wild feces detection were implemented in the selected environments. Re?sults There were O. hupensis snails,livestock,wild feces of cattle or sheep as well as positive cattle feces found in all the 4 environments,and the positive rate of schistosome miracidium incubation was 47.62%. Conclusion The schistosome miracidi?um positive rate of wild feces of cattle is high in the environments with snails in endemic areas of Hubei Province ,which has high risk for schistosomiasis transmission.

Objective To investigate the water infectivity in key water regions,and analyze the transmission risk of schisto-somiasis in suspicious and high-risk environments in Hubei Province in 2016. Methods Schistosome-endemic areas of the Yangtze River,the Hanbei River and the Fu River were chosen as the surveillance and forecast sites. The water infectivity was detected by using the sentinel mice during the flood season. The infection status of residents in the villages around the surveil-lance sites and the activities of human beings and domestic animals were surveyed. The emergency response system was initiated when the water infectivity areas were detected. Results From May to June,among the ten surveillance sites of the first batch, two positive spots with infected mice were found,accounting for 20％. All the recovered mice(totally 200)were dissected:five mice were infected,with a total infection rate of 2.5％. Totally five schistosome adult worms were collected,with mean worm bur-den of 1 worm per infected mouse. The site with cercariae-infected water body started the emergency response and no epidemic occurred. From August to September,among the eight surveillance sites of the second batch,the recovered mice(totally 160) were dissected,and no infected sentinel mice were found. Conclusion The sentinel mice method plays an important role in an-alyzing the schistosomiasis transmission risk in Hubei Province.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between liver cell type A receptor (EphA) expression and androgen receptor (AR) signaling in androgen-dependent prostate cancer cells. Methods RT-PCR and Western blot assay were used to determine mRNA and protein levels of EphA3 and AR in prostate cancer LNCaP and 22Rv1 cells, respectively. The variations of EphA3, AR and prostate specific antigen (PSA) expressions were also measured in these cells after dihydrotes?tosterone (DHT) treatment for 48 h. The constructed EphA3-Luc (-789-+146) luciferase reporter plasmid was co-transfect?ed with pcDNA3.1(+)-AR or siAR in 22Rv1 cells to analyze the effects of different AR expression levels on EphA3 tran?scription activity. Results The expression pattern of EphA3 was similar to AR, showing a lower level in prostate stromal cell line WPMY-1 and a higher level in prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and 22Rv1. When stimulated with 10 nmol/L DHT, the expression levels of AR, PSA and EphA3 were significantly increased in 22Rv1 cells, and the protein levels of these genes were also increased in LNCaP cells. Moreover, AR expression levels markedly influenced the activity of EphA 3 pro?moter. Conclusion AR up-regulates EphA3 expression by increasing the activity of EphA3 promoter.

Objective To investigate the endoscopic findings and treatment of gastrointestinal neu-roendocrine neoplasms.Methods Endoscopic manifestation and treatment were analyzed retrospectively in 72 patients who were diagnosed as having gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms by endoscopy and pathol-ogy from May 2011 to December 2014.Results In 72 patients of gastrointestinal NEN,rectum was most commonly involved (48 patients,66.7%),followed by the stomach (16 patients,22.2%),duodenum, esophagus and the ileocecal valve.There were certain features in rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms under endoscopy,mostly manifested by submucosal tumors.But gastric,esophageal,and small intestine NEN man-ifestations showed various forms,without specific typical features,and easy to be misdiagnosed.Some patients diagnosed as having NEN G1 or G2 underwent EMR,ESD or laparoscopy combined with endoscopy resection.Patients diagnosed as having NEN G2 or neuroendocrine carcinoma by pathology received surgical resection,chemotherapy or palliative treatment.All 50 patients underwent endoscopic treatment successful-ly.Perforation occurred in one duodenal bulbar G1 patient during ESD.No bleeding occurred during and after the operation.All patients after treatment were followed up for 15.6 +13.2 months on average with no recurrence or metastasis.Conclusion Manifestations of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms vary under endoscopy.Some tumors that locate in mucosa or submucosa with diameter less than 1cm can be resec-ted through EMR or ESD.

Objective To study the expression of inflammatory factors in the saliva and the stability of implants after implant denture repair in pa-tients with dysplasia of the dentition defect ,and to analyze the prognosis of patients with lipid metabolic disorder. Methods The dentition defect patients with lipid metabolism disorder were selected as the experimental group. Patients with lipid defect were selected as the control group. Saliva was collected before implantation,1 month and 3 months after implantation. ELISA method was used to detect IL-6,IL-1βand TNF-α. Osstell ISQTM radio frequency analyzer was used to detect the stability of the implants and the periodontal status was detected by Florida probe. Re-sults There were no significant differences in the depth of implant probing(PD),bleeding index(BI)and ISQ between the two groups by radio frequency analyzer(all P>0.05). The levels of IL-6,IL-1βand TNF-αin the pre-implantation,1 month and 3 months after implantation were sig-nificantly higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05). The levels of IL-6,IL-1βand TNF-αin the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group before planting(all P<0.05) 3 months after planting,there were no significant differences of IL-6,IL-1β, and TNF-αbetween the experimental group and control group(all P>0.05). Conclusion The patients with dyslipidemia after implantation have good implant stability as those with normal blood lipid ,and the patients with dyslipidemia can also obtain good prognosis.

Objective To improve the information level of schistosomiasis control by using the related functions of Corel-DRAW software. Methods Combining with the requirement of schistosomiasis control,the sketch map was drawn according to the linear element drawing,the geometric drawing,the color rendering and the text adding. Results The schistosomiasis epi-demic sketch map and the Oncomelania hupensis snail distribution sketch map at all levels were produced in CorelDRAW soft-ware. Conclusion The sketch map drawing in CorelDRAW software is beautiful and standardizing,and it can improve the lev-el of information management.

Objective To understand the change of hydrological regime in the Yangtze River and schistosomiasis endemic situation after the implementation of Three Gorges Project in Hubei Province. Methods The data of hydrological regime of the Yangtze River,schistosomiasis epidemic situation,and Oncomelania hupensis snail status were collected and analyzed in Hu-bei Province from 2002 to 2012. Results After the implementation of the Three Gorges Project in 2003,the water level of the Yangtze River slightly rose from January to March,the average water level in May and August both reduced compared with that in 2002,and the time of water withdrawal was moved up. The endemic situation of schistosomiasis showed a decline tendency in areas along the Yangtze River in Hubei Province. The positive rate of serological tests in the residents and the Schistosoma ja-ponicum infection rate in bovine decreased by 2.97%and 92.64%respectively. The numbers of human and bovine infected with S. japonicum decreased by 48.35%and 94.48%,respectively. Conclusion After the implementation of the Three Gorges Proj-ect,the schistosomiasis endemic situation shows a decline tendency in the areas along the Yangtze River in Hubei Province ,but the long-term monitoring still need to be carried out.

Objective: To find out the pathomechanism of low back and leg pain related to intervertebral disc. Methods: The nucleus pulposus of coccygeal vertebral was transplanted to the cavum epidurale of rats to establish the non-compressive model with transplanted nucleus pulposus. The evoke potentials and morphology of nerve roots were observed. Results: Even without mechanical compression, rats transplanted with nucleus pulposus resulted in significant harm to evoked potential and morphology of cauda equina. Conclusion: The biomechanical and/or immunologic inflammatory effect of nucleus pulposus can result in nerve roots injury and is an important factor in the pathogenesis of low back and leg pain.

Objective To explore the gray matter loss of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients by processing the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with computer. Method A voxel-based morphometry (VBM) method was applied in this study. Result Bilateral loss of gray matter in AD patients was found in the entorhinal/ hippocampal/parahippocampal cortex areas, amygdala, the head of the caudate nucleus, middle temporal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, insula and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, area of right pulvinar, cortex of superior temporal gyrus and superior parietal lobule reduced significantly. On the other hand, somatosensory/motor cortex, cerebellum and occipital lobe were relatively intact. Conclusion VBM overcomes the shortcomings of region of interesting(ROI), such as time-consuming, dependence on observer, and poorly reproducible, and can analyze the gray matter loss objectively and automatically and have a good perspective for clinical applications.