seconds ; Diagnostic ; Milk ; Hypersensitivity ; Cattle

Before values ; Encephalitis

Worldwide breast cancer remains as the most common malignancy in women and the numbers who form a subgroup with dense breast parenchyma are substantial. In addition to mammography, the adjuncts used for further evaluation of dense breasts have been anatomically based modalities such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. The practice of functionally based imaging of breasts is relatively new but has undergone rapid progress over the past few years with promising results. The value of positron emission mammography is demonstrated in patients with dense breasts and mammographically occult disease.
Breast Neoplasms ; Mammography

Vomiting ; Infant, Newborn

Objective: To investigate the effect of three preoperative anti-infective regimens on the sterility of anterior-chamber aspirates (ACA) in eyes undergoing extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE). Methods: Ninety eyes scheduled to undergo ECCE were randomly assigned to receive one of the following preoperative anti-infective regimens: Group 1 (Control) - no additional preoperative preparation; Group 2 (Eye drop) - neomycin/ polymixin B/gramicidin eye drops applied 3 times daily for 3 days prior to surgery; and Group 3 (Lid scrub) - neomycin/polymixin B/ bacitracin ointment lid scrub applied 3 times prior to surgery. ACAs were obtained from all eyes at the conclusion of surgery and cultured. The patients were followed up for 3 months after the surgery. Results: Positive cultures developed from ACAs in 5 (16.6 percent) of 30 eyes from Group 1, in 0 of 30 from Group 2, and in 3 (10 percent) of 30 from Group 3. No eye developed endophthalmitis. Compared with the control group, preoperative neomycin/polymixin B/gramicidin eye drops significantly reduced the ACA contamination rate (p= 0.03). Conclusion: Preoperative neomycin/polymixin B/bacitracin eyedrops can improve the sterility of the anterior chamber during ECCE.
Human ; CATARACT ; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS ; ENDOPHTHALMITIS ; NEOMYCIN ; GRAMICIDIN ; BACITRACIN ; CATARACT EXTRACTION ; EYE DISEASES ;

Extramammary Paget Disease (EMPD) is a rare intraepithelial cancer often mistaken for inflammatory and infectious skin conditions, leading to diagnostic delays and increased morbidity. It constitutes 6.5% of cutaneous Paget Disease, predominantly affecting older individuals aged 50 to 80, with a higher prevalence in women. Notably, 10% to 30% of EMPD cases are linked to concurrent visceral malignancies, highlighting the importance of cancer screening.

This is a case of a 77-year-old Filipino male with a four-year history of a solitary, well-defined, irregularly-shaped, erythematous plaque with erosions on the perianal area. Despite two years of self-administered hydrocortisone cream, the lesion progressively expanded into an 8x4x2 cm plaque, accompanied by intermittent pruritus and stinging pain. On consultation, dermoscopy showed milky-red areas, telangiectasias, and hyperpigmentation. Histopathology revealed polygonal neoplastic cells with pleomorphic vesicular nuclei, conspicuous nucleoli, and pale eosinophilic cytoplasm above the basal epidermis. Immunohistochemistry was positive for CK7, GCDFP15, CEA, and EMA, and negative for CK20. Further imaging showed no evidence of concurrent malignancies, reinforcing the diagnosis of primary EMPD. While awaiting further evaluation by other specialties, he was managed with an eight-week course of topical Imiquimod 5% cream, resulting in a reduction in both erythema and lesion thickness.

Overall, this case highlights the importance of recognizing cutaneous cancers that mimic benign skin conditions. The application of diagnostic tools in dermatology, such as dermoscopy, histopathology, and immunohistochemical staining, is crucial for identifying key disease features and establishing an accurate diagnosis, enabling timely and appropriate intervention.

Climate change and variability are affecting human health and disease direct or indirectly through many mechanisms. Dengue is one of those diseases that is strongly influenced by climate variability; however its study in Central America has been poorly approached. In this study, we assessed potential associations between macroclimatic and microclimatic variation and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) cases in the main hospital of Honduras during 2010. In this year, 3,353 cases of DHF were reported in the Hospital Escuela, Tegucigalpa. Climatic periods marked a difference of 158% in the mean incidence of cases, from El Niño weeks (-99% of cases below the mean incidence) to La Niña months (+59% of cases above it) (p<0.01). Linear regression showed significantly higher dengue incidence with lower values of Oceanic Niño Index (p=0.0097), higher rain probability (p=0.0149), accumulated rain (p=0.0443) and higher relative humidity (p=0.0292). At a multiple linear regression model using those variables, ONI values shown to be the most important and significant factor found to be associated with the monthly occurrence of DHF cases (r2=0.649; βstandardized=–0.836; p=0.01). As has been shown herein, climate variability is an important element influencing the dengue epidemiology in Honduras. However, it is necessary to extend these studies in this and other countries in the Central America region, because these models can be applied for surveillance as well as for prediction of dengue.

Animal ; FOOD COLORING AGENTS/ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE ; FOOD COLORING AGENTS/ADVERSE EFFECTS ; FOOD COLORING AGENTS/DIAGNOSTIC USE ; ANTERIOR CAPSULE OF THE LENS ; ANIMAL ; RABBITS

Distended lacteals, described as expanded white villi in duodenum, are strongly indicative of primary intestinal lymphangiectasia. In the present study, we evaluated the significance of white spots present in the duodenal mucosa of dogs with lymphocytic plasmacytic enteritis (LPE). Fifty dogs with LPE were included in this study, and white spots were detected in the duodenal mucosa in 22 dogs during endoscopy. Hypoproteinemia was more frequent in dogs with white spots than in dogs without spots (p = 0.02). Serum protein and albumin concentration were significantly lower in LPE dogs with white spots (p = 0.038) compared to LPE dogs without white spots (p = 0.039). There was a significant correlation between white spots density and lymphatic dilatation histological scores (p = 0.023; rho = 0.481). These results suggest that the presence of white spots in the duodenal mucosa of dogs is not a finding exclusive for intestinal lymphangiectasia. Low serum protein and albumin concentrations together with lymphatic dilatation seem to be related to the presence of white spots in the duodenal mucosa of LPE dogs.
Animals ; Biopsy/veterinary ; Blood Proteins/metabolism ; Dog Diseases/blood/*pathology ; Dogs ; Duodenum/*pathology ; Endoscopy/veterinary ; Female ; Histocytochemistry/veterinary ; Intestinal Mucosa/*pathology ; Lymphangiectasis, Intestinal/blood/pathology/*veterinary ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Statistics, Nonparametric

The use of high- or low-dose radio-iodine therapy (RAIT) for initial thyroid remnant ablation in post-thyroidectomised patients diagnosed with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) with no distant metastases has long been a subject of much debate. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews have been previously made using both randomised control trials (RCTs) and observational studies without due regard to differences in study design. Hence, amore focused meta-analysis of available RCTs alone was conducted to determine the presence of a compelling difference between the initial remnant ablation success rates of high- and low-dose RAIT in post-thyroidectomised DTC patient without distant demtastases. An extensive search of PubMed and Cochrane Central register of RCTs (up to August 2013) was performed by two reviewers, which was completed by hand search of referencesfrom releveangt articles and review papers published from 1996 to 2012. The two reviewers independtly selected eligible studies, with disagreement resolved by consensus. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (a) randomised controlled trials, (b) post-thyroidectomised adult subjects diagnosed with well differentiated thyroid cancer and no evidence of distant metastases, and (c) subject randomisation into 30-50 mCi or 100 mCi 131I treatment groups. Studies were exluded if (a) the full text of the study is not available, (b) the study is in another language other than English, and (c) if the data on relative risk was not available or could not be derived from the study. Of eight published RCTs on radio-iodine therapy as of August 2013, only 5 were eligible for this meta-analysis; namely those by JOhansen et al. (1991), Bal et al. (1996), Zaman et al. (2006), Maenpaa et al. (2008) and Caglar et al. (2012). The same two reviewers independenty extracted data from the full text of the selected five studies. Two-by-two tables comparing frequencies of successful and failed remnant ablation using low-dose (30-60 mCi) and high-dise (100 mCi) RAIT were derived from the published results of the included studies, and the weighted and pooled relative risks for successful remnant ablation were computed via the Mantel-Haenszel method using a fixed effects model (cx = 5%). Subgroup analyses were performed based on different definitions of a successful remnant ablation. The pooled relative risk (-0.03) was statistically insignificant (p=0.54) and had poor precision (95% confidence interval of {-0.12,0.06}) even when adjustments to the varied definitions of a successful ablation were performed. Thus, using available RCTs that compare high- and low-dose RAIT for remnant ablation of DTC, there is an apparent trend favoring higher success rates using high-dose RAIT. However, the lack of well designed RCTs precludes recommending high-dose initial RAI ablation, and encourages the present practice of individualized.
Meta-Analysis ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Iodine Radioisotopes