Objective To analyse the necessity and feasibility of HCV RNA detection for donor screening.Methods Plasma from 50 donors was mixed into a minipool, the nucleic acid was extracted by NucliSens Extractor and amplified by NASBA, the amplification products were detected by ECL. A performance control and a positive control were coupled with the samples through storage, nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection.Results Two specimens were found HCV RNA positive in the 10000 anti HCV negative samples.Conclusion HCV RNA screening of plasma minipools by NASBA may prevent hepatitis C virus infection.

Objective To investigate the population genetic polymorphisms of 24 Y-STR loci in unrelat-ed individuals in Eastern Chinese Han population, and to compare the difference of Han group between Eastern China and Guangdong.Methods The population genetics of 24 Y-STR loci in 268 unrelated Han individuals from Eastern China were analyzed by GFS 24 Y-STR amplification kit. The allele fre-quencies in Eastern Chinese Han population were compared with the data in Guangdong Han population, and the difference analysis between two groups was performed.Results Among the 24 Y-STR loci of 268 unrelated Han individuals from Eastern China, 235 alleles and 267 haplotypes were observed. GD value ranged from 0.5649 to 0.9668. The difference between 12 loci(DYS622,DYS552,DYS443etal.) of Han population in Eastern China and in Guangdong was statistically significance.Conclusion GFS 24Y STR amplification system shows favorable polymorphisms, which can be used in patrilineal genetic relationship identification.

Objective To study the forensic application of G oldeneyeTM D N A ID 26Y K it in the She na-tionality. Methods Through capillary electrophoresis, the genotype of 26 Y-STR loci were analyzed in 53 unrelated m ale individuals from Fujian She nationality. The population genetics param eters such as allele frequency and haplotype diversity were calculated. The com parisons am ong the She nationality and the other nationalities were analyzed. Results A total of 126 alleles were observed on the 26 Y-STR loci of 53 unrelated m ale individuals. The allele frequencies and G D value ranged from 0.010 1 to 0.886 8 and 0.211 2 to 0.846 2, respectively. The G D value w as greater than 0.5 in the 19 loci. A total of 47 hap-lotypes were observed. B ased on RST, m ultidim ensional scaling plot indicated that the genetic relationship am ong Fujian She nationality and M innan H an nationality w as closest, follow ed by Southern C hina H an nationality and N orthern C hina nationality. Conclusion G oldeneyeTM D N A ID 26Y K it including 26 Y-STR loci has good polym orphism in the She nationality. A s an additional system , it has forensic appli-cation value in som e special cases.

Objective To analyse the CT,MRI features of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma and improve the diagnosis.Methods Imaging feature of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma of 26 cases confirmed by surgery and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Distribution,size,shape,signal,dense,peritumor edema and invasion of adjacent structures of lesion were summarized.Results The locations of lesions included:temporosphenoid lobe (19 cases),frontal lobe (2 cases),the lateral and three ventricles in 1 case,occipital lobe (1 case),medulla oblongata (1 case),and cervical cord (1 case).The tumor size:maximum:82 mm × 40 mm × 70 mm,minimum:16 mm × 13 mm × 14 mm.Solid lesions (3 cases),solid lesions with necrosis (7 cases),solid and cystic lesions (16 cases),lesion with calcification (4 cases).The solid lesions of the tumors showed equal signal intensity or slightly low signal intensity on T1WI,and equal signal intensity or slightly high signal intensity on T2WI.The equidensite and high density on CT,peritumor edema degree:mild (2 cases),moderate (5 cases),severe (1 case).Conclusion The characteristic imaging features can help in the understanding and diagnosis of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma.

Objective To investigate the relationship between hepatic fibrosis stage and clinical serum fibrosis markers in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Methods Liver puncture biopsy was performed in 189 CHB patients.The serum levels of hyalyronic acid (HA),laminin (LN),procollagen Ⅲ (PCⅢ),collagen Ⅳ (Ⅳ C),liver function and peripheral blood routine were detected simultaneously. The comparison, correlation and regression analysis were performed based on different fibrosis stages (S).Results From SO to S4 group,levels of PC Ⅲ,γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-G-T),total bilirubin (TBil),protein electrophoresis γ-globulin (Ely-γ) and prothrombin time (PT) were progressively elevated,the differences were statistically significant (F value was 3.325,6.218,2.958,10.160 and 7.028,P＜0.05),while cholinesterase (CHE),total protein (TP),albumin (Alb) and platelet (PLT) were progressively declined,the differences were also statistically significant (F value was 15.984,3.768,14.919 and 4.737,P＜0.05).The differences of LN,IVC,ALT and AST between groups were statistically significant (F value was 4.618,2.795,2.649 and 3.199,P＜0.05).Fibrosis stages (s) was positively correlated with LN,PCIII,ALT,AST,TBil,γ-GT,Ep-γand PT (r=0.200,0.306,0.172,0.273,0.153,0.402,0.415,0.269,respectively);while it was negatively correlated with CHE,TP,Alb and PLT (r=-0.502,-0.208,-0.413,-0.390,respectively);I.N,AI.T,CHE,PLT and Ep-γ were the independent risk factors which affecting hepatic fibrosis stages.Conclusions Liver fibrosis stage in histopathology was correlative in certain degree with the serum markers of hepatic fibrosis,liver function,and blood routine examination.Combined analysis of clinical data may be used to early diagnose hepatic fibrosis non-invasively.

Semisupervisedmakesfulluseoflargeamountsofunlabeledsamplestomakeuptheinsufficiency of labeled samples. Since it is difficult to obtain a large number of accurate labeled samples and it is a good way for modeling by using a small amount of labeled samples or a large number of inaccurate samples, we proposed a new method named as semi-supervised partial least squares ( SS-PLS) to optimize model based on semi supervised learning. We used 211 samples of tobacco near infrared spectrum and sensory evaluation for modeling and used SS-PLS method to optimize tobacco sensory evaluation model. In the optimized model, the coefficient of determination ( R2 ) can reach up to 90%, the ratio of performance to deviation ( RPD) can reach up to 3 . 0 , and the standard error of cross validation and the standard error of prediction ( SECV and SEP) are below 1. 0. We divided the original sensory evaluation and SS-PLS optimized data into three grades of excellent, medium and poor in accordance with the fixed threshold, the result using projection model of based on principal component and Fisher criterion ( PPF ) shows that the classification of SS-PLS optimized data is better than the original sensory evaluation data. The SS-PLS method can solve the data representation problem of using small sample set for modeling and provides a new chemometrics method for near infrared spectroscopy modeling in case of obtaining a large number of accurately labeled samples is difficult.

As a rapid, accurate and high throughput bacterial identification technique, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS)has been gradually applied to clinical microbiological laboratories.However, the application of MALDI-TOF MS is far beyond the identification of bacteria.It also has broad application prospect in bacterial typing.The MALDI-TOF MS based typing method is simple, rapid, low-cost and high throughput, which can play an important role in nosocomial infections surveillance.

Objective:To investigate the feasibility and characteristics of ultrasound imaging in diagnosing fractures in neonates.Methods:Thirty neonates with bone fracture in Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital during January 2018 to June 2019 were retrospectively recruited. The causes and ultrasound imaging features of these cases were analyzed. The ultrasound findings were compared with the results of X-ray examination.Results:Among the 30 cases, 29 (96.7%) were diagnosed as fracture due to birth trauma, including 28 (93.3%) of clavicle fracture and one (3.3%) of humerus fracture, and one (3.3%) with rib fracture probably caused by metabolic osteopathy. The ultrasound imaging characteristics included interruption of bone continuity, dislocation and/or angulation of fracture ends, and callus formation during recovery. All of the 30 cases were diagnosed by ultrasound. However, X-ray examination failed in the diagnosis of one clavicle fracture.Conclusions:Ultrasound is an accurate and reliable method for the diagnosis of neonatal fracture. The main characteristics of ultrasound imaging include interruption of bone continuity, dislocation and/or angulation of fracture ends and callus formation.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the diagnostic value of portable monitor device (PMD) in potential obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients.

METHODSAll patients met the inclusion criteria were asked to finish the questionniar and underwent anthropometric measurements, and then completed polysomnography (PSG) test and PMD test simultaneously. The correlation between AHI-PMD and AHI-PSG, between MinSaO2-PMD and MinSaO2-PSG were analyzed by Spearman analysis. T test was used to compare the correlation coefficient between the two groups; ROC analysis was used to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of PMD in diagnosis of OSAHS, and got the Cut-off value between moderate and severe OSAHS and mild OSAHS.

RESULTSThrough PSG test, of all the 111 cases, including 4 simple snoring cases, accounting for 3.6%, OSAHS patients with 107 cases, accounting for 96.4% which including 11 patients (9.9%) with mild, 17 patients (15.3%) with moderate, 79 patients (71.2%) with severe. The correlation of AHI-PMD and AHI-PSG between moderate and severe OSAHS patients was stronger than simple snoring and mild OSAHS patients. The coefficient test between the two groups was statistically significant (P=0.026). The correlation of MinSaO2-PMD and MinSaO2-PSG was statistically significant (P<0.001), the correlation of MinSaO2-PMD and MinSaO2-PSG between moderate and severe OSAHS group and snoring and mild OSAHS group was not statistically significant (P=0.270). A statistically significant correlation between AHI-PMD and AHI-PSG was found (P<0.001). PMD had a sensitivity and specificity of 96.9% and 86.7%, respectively (AUC=0.990, 95%CI 0.970-1.000). The cut-off value between moderate and severe OSAHS and mild OSAHS was AHI-PMD≥12 times/h.

CONCLUSIONPMD had a satisfactory sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing and judging the severity of moderate and severe OSAHS.

Objective: To investigate the effect of PM2.5 exposure on nasal inflammatory cytokines and nasal mucosal pathology in a rat model of allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods: Twenty-four healthy female SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups by random number table method, with 8 rats in each group: normal control group (NC group), ovalbumin (OVA) induced AR model (AR group), and AR model group inhaled to PM2.5 at 200 μg/m³, 3 h/d, for 30 d (ARE group). Nasal symptoms including sneezing, nasal rubs and nasal secretion were recorded. Levels of OVA specific IgE in serum, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-ɑ (TNF-ɑ) in nasal irrigating solution were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The histopathological changes of nasal mucosa were observed by HE staining. SPSS 17.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results: The number of sneezing, nasal rubs and the amount of nasal secretion in the ARE group were significantly higher than that in the AR group and the NC group (number of sneezing (15.38±1.68) times/15 min vs (11.63±1.13) times/15 min vs (1.75±0.71) times/15 min, number of nasal rubs (27.75±2.12) times/15 min vs (21.25±2.96) times/15 min vs (5.25±1.04) times/15 min, amount of nasal secretion (18.90±2.07) mg vs (13.83±1.81) mg vs (3.78±0.41) mg, F values was 236.089, 224.139, 183.971, respectively, all P<0.001). Statistically significant differences in OVA specific IgE, IL-6 and TNF-ɑ levels were observed in ARE group exceeded AR group and NC group (OVA specific IgE (25.42±2.51) ng/ml vs (18.07±1.07) ng/ml vs (1.47±0.26) ng/ml, IL-6 (123.30±18.86) pg/ml vs (63.49±11.29) pg/ml vs (16.87±3.29) pg/ml, TNF-ɑ (162.50±38.15) pg/ml vs (72.96±11.28) pg/ml vs (27.52±4.15) pg/ml, F values was 481.604, 138.277, 63.938, respectively, all P<0.001). HE staining showed that the nasal epithelial cells of NC group were intact and neatly arranged. Nasal mucosa epithelial cells were arranged in disorder in AR group, with tissue structure swelling. Partial shedding of nasal epithelial cells, mucosal basement membrane thickening, submucosal tissue interstitial edema, vasodilation and gland hyperplasia were found in ARE group. Conclusion An increase inflammatory factors level such as IL-6 and TNF-ɑ aggravates pathological damage of nasal mucosa in a rat model of AR by exposure to PM2.5.