OBJECTIVE:To investigate the situation of pharmacoeconomic researches about lipid-lowering drugs in China, and to seek the regimen with good cost-effectiveness in order to provide reference for rational drug use in the clinic. METHODS:Retrieved from CNKI and Wanfang database,pharmacoeconomic literatures about lipid-lowering drugs,published in domestic jour-nals during 2011-2015,were included to discuss the problems of pharmacoeconomic researches about lipid-lowering drugs and put forward related suggestions. RESULTS:Rosuvastatin and other medicines showed good cost-effectiveness,while there were many problems of domestic published pharmacoeconomic researches about lipid-lowering drugs,such as different research methods,dif-ferent treatment courses,different methods of cost calculation,single effect index and absence of ADR. On the whole,the research-es were low in quality,which led the difficulty of accurately obtaining the drugs with best cost-effectiveness. CONCLUSIONS:In the future,related researches should confirm research duration and health output index,effect index and evaluation method accord-ing to disease types and research objectives;enhance the unity of research and design methods;pay attention to cost discount;in addition,strengthen pharmacoeconomic researches about lipid-lowering TCM and compare it with chemical drugs.

Objective To set up the quality standard of Shiwei Shujin Huoluo Powder. Methods Rhizoma Polygoni cuspidati and Cortex Cinnamomi, the main ingredients of the powder, were identified by thin layer chromatography ( TLC) , and the content of emodin in the powder was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) . Results The spots showed by TLC were clear without interference of the negative control. HPLC results showed that linear range of emodin was 9.30 ~ 46.52 μg·mL-1, the recovery of emodin was 96.22%, and RSD was 1.76% ( N=6) . Conclusion The established method is reliable and accurate, and can be used for quality control of Shiwei Shujin Huoluo Powder.

Objective: To investigate the current status of nurses’ perceived professional benefits in 3A-level hospitals in Tianjin, and analyze its influencing factors. Methods: A total of 421 clinical nurses from five 3A-level hospitals in Tianjin were recruited for investigation on perceived professional benefits by Nurses’Perceived Professional Benefits Scale. Results: The total score of nurses’ perceived professional benefit was 110.50±14.24, the score index was 77.34%. Among five dimensions, the highest scores index was 84.80% for personal development, the lowest was 71.57% for identification by relatives and friends. Multiple linear regression analysis showed the three variables, such as department, teaching and cooperative relation between doctors and nurses entered the model, higher perceived professional benefits was observed in medical nurses, teaching nurses, and those with better cooperative relation between doctors and nurses (P<0.05) . Conclusion The investigated nurses in 3A-level hospitals in Tianjin show upper-moderate level of perceived professional benefits. Nursing managers should develop targeted interventions based on the factors affecting the perceived professional benefits of the nurses and further enhance their perceived professional benefits.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the one-year follow-up of the therapeutic efficacy of human umbilical cord derived-mesenchymal stem cell (UC-MSC) transplantations in decompensated liver cirrhosis patients with ascites.MethodsFifty-four liver cirrhosis patients with ascites in Research Center for Biological Therapy in 302 Military Hospital were divided into treatment group (n=38) and control group (n=16) in a prospective controlled single-blinded trial.UC-MSC (0.5-1.0) × 106/kg and saline were intravenously transplanted into patients monthly for 3 times in treatment group and control group,respectively.The liver function,hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level,ascites and the model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)scores at different time points were compared between two groups.The comparison between groups was done by Mann-Whitney U test,and the data before and after transplantations were compared by Wilcoxon signed rank sum test.ResultsThere were no significant differences of alanine transaminase (ALT),total bilirubin (TBil),cholinesterase (CHE),HBV DNA positive rate and MELD scores at different time points between two groups (P＞0.05).However, the albumin ( A1b)level was significantly increased after 36 weeks of UC-MSC transplantation in treatment group, which were (28.47±4.45)g/L at week 0 and ( 34.82±4.50)g/L at week 48 (P=0.046). Meanwhile, the ascites reduced markedly in treatment group with (46.6 ±30.6) mm at week 0 and (6.6±13.6) mm at week 48,which were significantly different from control group at the end of follow-up (P =0.037). Conclusion UC-MSC transplantations may help to increase A1b level and reduce ascites in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis.

Objective: To investigate association between adolescent depressive symptoms with circadian rhythm and emotion regulation strategies, and to provide the basis for mental health education for depression. Methods: CES-D, Morning and Evening Questionnaire-5 (MEQ-5) and Emotion Regulation scale (ERS) were administered to 2 398 students from 6 middle schools in Chengdu, Langzhong and Leshan of Sichuan Province. SPSS 21.0 was used to data processing and anlysis. Results: About 37.9% (909/2 398) of adolescents reported depressive symptoms. Prevalence of depressive symptom was higher in female students( χ 2= 25.15 , P <0.01), rural adolescents( χ 2=15.45, P <0.01), adolescents aged 15-18 compared to aged 12-14( χ 2=187.24, P < 0.01 ). There was significant difference in rate of depressive symptoms among adolescents with different circadian rhythms( χ 2= 55.19 , P < 0.01 ), with definite evening rhythm preference was the highest(57.1%). Prevalence of depressive symptoms significantly varied by sleep duration( χ 2=141.99, P <0.01), and were highest in adolescents with sleep duration <6 h(69.4%). The scores of suppression dimension in depressed adolescents were significantly higher than that of non depressive group, while the scores of reappraisal dimension were significantly higher in non depressive group than that of depressive group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender( OR =1.60), age( OR=2.29), suppression( OR = 1.13 ), sleep duration <6 h( OR =5.17), sleep duration 6-8 h ( OR =2.88) were positively associated with depressive symptoms in adolescents. Moderate type( OR =0.53), morning type ( OR =0.55) and cognitive reappraisal ( OR =0.90) were associated with lower rate of depressive symptoms( P <0.05). Conclusion Sleep rhythm delay, lack of sleep and emotion suppression in adolescents are associated with higher risk for depression. Regular sleep habits and reasonable emotion regulation might help to prevent adolescent depression.

Objective:To survey the first-aid ability of general practitioners (GPs) and the emergency service capacity of primary health institutions in southern Zhejiang province.Methods:The questionnaire of first-aid ability of GPs in primary care institution was developed on the basis of the Delphi method during August to October 2018. The questionnaire was employed in a survey on the first-aid ability among 480 GPs from 169 community health service centers of three regions in southern Zhejiang province. The survey covered basic information and first-aid skills and emergency response ability of GPs, and the emergency facilities of primary health institutions.Results:A total of 480 questionnaires were distributed and 447 were retrieved with an recovery rate of 93. 1%(447/480). Among the 447 responders, 55.9% (250/447) were males, 70.9% (317/447) had bachelor′s degree or above, and 60.2% (269/447) had middle and senior professional titles. There were 99.6% (445/447), 86.6% (387/447), 76.1% (340/447) and 69.8% (312/447) responders considered cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR), electrical defibrillation, respiratory balloon and endotracheal intubation as important first-aid skills, and corresponding mastery rates were 84.3% (377/447), 32.0% (143/447), 55.2% (247/447) and 12.9% (58/447), respectively. The 92.4% (413/447) responders thought that the rescue ability of common emergency and critical illness was the most important, while only 32.4% (145/447) responders mastered it. Least responders [41.4%(185/447)] thought that ability of using bedside ultrasound was important, and the corresponding mastery rate was only 3.8%(17/447); 77.4%(346/447) of general practitioners believed that CPR machines was important, while the available rate of CPR machines in primary health care institutions was only 16.0%(27/169).Conclusion:The GPs in southern Zhejiang province have a good grasp of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills, but have a low mastery rate of first-aid skills such as electrical defibrillation, tracheal intubation, and emergency rescue capabilities, which are quite different from their perceived importance evaluation.

Objective To discuss the application of self-developed novel 16-slice mobile CT head scan.Methods A total of 391 patients were performed 16-slice mobile CT scan:145 were scanned in the emergency department,156 in the neurosurgical ICU,55 in the operated room,and 35 in the ambulance vehicle.Sixty-eight patients were with brain injury,122 were with cerebral hemorrhage,120 were with cerebral infarction,59 were with brain tumors,and 22 were with hemifacial spasm.Thirty-five patients were randomly selected from 391 patients and 8-slice mobile CT head scan was performed on them,which included 12 with brain injury,6 with cerebral hemorrhage,12 with cerebral infarction,3 with brain tumors and 2 with hemifacial spasm.The resolution,imaging quality,radiation doses,power consumption and performance stability of novel 16-slice mobile CT and 8-slice mobile CT head scan were compared.Results The resolution line pairs of brain tissues were 91 p/cm by 16-slice mobile CT and 71 p/cm by 8-slice mobile CT,respectively.The imaging quality of the two kinds of mobile CT head scans was high level to the clinic diagnostic criteria.The radiation dose of 16-slice mobile CT were 40.43 mGy,which decreased by 51.01％ as compared with that of 8-slice mobile CT (82.52 mGy).The personal power consumption of 16-silce mobile CT (0.29 kW· h) decreased by 38.30％ as compared with those of 8-layer mobile CT (0.47 kW· h).The 16-slice mobile CT kept regularly,while 8-slicer mobile CT stopped to work twice during clinical trial.Conclusion The 16-slice mobile CT scan has high resolution,fine imaging quality,low radiation dose,small power consumption and stable working performance.

Objective:To develop a self-management scale for patients with ulcerative colitis and test its reliability and validity,so as to provide a measurement tool for evaluating the self-management level of patients with ulcerative colitis in China.Methods:Guided by the theory of self-management, combined with extensive literature review and semi-structured interview results, the initial item pool was formed, and the initial questionnaire was formed through expert consultation. 324 cases of ulcerative colitis in a third-class Hospital of Tianjin were investigated by convenience sampling.Results:The self-management scale of ulcerative colitis patients included 4 dimensions and 23 items. The content validity of each item was between 0.867 and 1,and the content validity index of the scale was 0.860. Four factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis,and the cumulative variance contribution rate of variance was 66.395%. The Cronbachs coefficient of overall scale was 0.937,while four dimensions was between 0.820 and 0.916. The retest reliability of the scale was 0.934 ( P<0.01) and the retest reliability of each dimension was between 0.914 and 0.950 ( P<0.01). Conclusions:The self-management scale of patients with ulcerative colitis has been developed. The scale includes four dimensions: disease treatment management,daily life management,psychosocial management and disease information management. It has 23 items in total and has good reliability and validity. It can be used to evaluate the self-management level of patients with ulcerative colitis.

Innovative self-efficacy is the degree of self-confidence in the individual's ability to per-form innovative activities. Although the theory of innovation self-efficacy is shorter, but as an important indicator of innovation ability measurement, it has been accepted by scholars in various countries, and innovative self-efficacy provides a new perspective for the cultivation of innovative talents. The research of innovation self-efficacy is still the initial stage. Chinese and foreign scholars have made some progress in measuring tools, antecedents, aftereffect and development, but there are still obvious differences and defi-ciencies,and the research results are not abundant.The future research will focus on the measurement tools, influencing factors and research direction of three aspects of systematic research to improve the theory of innovation self-efficacy.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of clinical nursing path in the application of endoscopic colon polyps resection patients. Methods Computer retrieval Chinese database to search relevant randomised controlled trials or clinical controlled trials. Two authors independently screened paper,extracted data and conducted to evaluate quality of literature,finally the meta-analysis was used by the Revman5.3 to analyze the data. Results A total of 13 articles were included. The results of Meta analysis showed that: compared with control group, the CNP group had the significant advantage of a shorter average length of hospital stay(colon polyps group:WMD=0.02,95% CI-3.14--0.91,P<0.01);colon polyps group: WMD = 2.57, 95% CI-2.77--2.36, P < 0.01), the lower average inpatient expenditure (colon polyps group: SMD = 9.98, 95% CI-14.55--5.44, P < 0.01); colon polyps group:SMD=4.57,95% CI-7.37--1.77,P<0.01),the higher nursing satisfaction(OR=5.03,95% CI 3.21-7.90,P<0.01),the higher degree of mastering knowledge(OR=5.31,95% CI 2.08-13.55,P<0.01)and the lower postoperative complications(OR=0.18,95% CI 0.06-0.55,P<0.01). Conclusions Clinical nursing pathway in patients with endoscopic colon polyps resection application effect is superior to the traditional nursing method. Because the quality of literature contained was not high, we still need more large sample,randomized controlled trials of high quality to further verification.