1.Painless Needle Insertion Method by Puncturing Meshes of Skin Veins
Shanghai Journal of Acupuncture and Moxibustion 2017;36(7):870-871
Needling pain is one of the reasons that patients resist acupuncture treatment, and also one of the major obstacles that students encounter during the study of acupuncture-moxibustion. It has become the target for acupuncturists from each generation to study and pursue to realize painless needle insertion. In ancient times, medical experts emphasized rapid needle insertion, needle insertion along with cough, and the assistance of the pressing hand. In modern times, when some scholars proposed to strengthen the basic training of finger force for rapidly puncturing the skin, some other great acupuncturists used slow needle insertion methods. Therefore, an observational study of slow needle insertion was conducted. After years of clinical and teaching practice, the scientificity and feasibility of slow needle insertion were verified, and the painless needle insertion method by puncturing the meshes of skin veins was brought up.
2.Molecular diagnosis and functional study of a pedigree affected with Lubs X-linked mental retardation syndrome.
Chen JIANG ; Nan PAN ; Weigang LYU ; Ying PENG ; Jing LIU ; Ruolan GUO ; Jiazhen CHANG ; Desheng LIANG ; Lingqian WU
Chinese Journal of Medical Genetics 2019;36(4):340-343
OBJECTIVE:
To explore the genetic basis for a pedigree affected with X-linked mental retardation.
METHODS:
The proband was subjected to chromosomal karyotyping, FMR1 mutation testing and copy number variation analysis with a single nucleotide polymorphism microarray (SNP array). His family members were subjected to multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assaying. Expression of genes within the repeated region were analyzed.
RESULTS:
The proband had a normal chromosomal karyotype and normal number of CGG repeats within the FMR1 gene. SNP array identified a 370 kb duplication in Xq28 (ChrX: 153 027 633-153 398 515), which encompassed 14 genes including MECP2. The patient was diagnosed as Lubs X-linked mental retardation syndrome (MRXSL). MLPA confirmed the presence of copy number variation, its co-segregation with the disease, in addition with the carrier status of females. Genes from the duplicated region showed higher levels of expression (1.79 to 5.38 folds) within peripheral blood nucleated cells of the proband.
CONCLUSION
The patients were diagnosed with MRXSL. The expression of affected genes was up-regulated due to the duplication. Genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis may be provided based on the results.
DNA Copy Number Variations
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Female
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Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein
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Humans
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Mental Retardation, X-Linked
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Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2
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Pedigree
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Pregnancy
3.Exploring the Mechanism of Action of Qizhu Kang'ai Formula (芪术抗癌方) for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
Ruolan SUN ; Yan LIANG ; Fan ZHAO ; Shijiao ZHU ; Linlu WAN ; Xu WANG ; Qihang YIN ; Gang YIN ; Decai TANG
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024;65(4):404-413
ObjectiveTo explore the potential molecular mechanism of Qizhu Kang'ai Formula (芪术抗癌方, QZKAF) for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). MethodsNetwork pharmacology was used to analyze the active ingredients and targets of QZKAF for CRC, and analyze the key targets of QZKAF for the treatment of CRC by gene function annotation (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Molecular docking was applied to predict the binding activity of the core active ingredients to the key targets. A orthotopic transplantation tumor mice model of CRC was established to validate the key targets of QZKAF for CRC obtained from network pharmacology analysis. Forty-eight mice were randomly divided into the sham operation group, the model group, the 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) group, and the QZKAF low-, medium-, and high-dose groups, with 8 mice in each group. Except for the sham operation group, the remaining groups underwent colon cancer orthotopic transplantation tumor modeling. The 5-Fu group was given 30 mg/kg of 5-Fu by intraperitoneal injection once every 3 days on the alternate day after modeling, while the QZKAF low-, medium-, and high-dose groups were given 2.925, 5.85, and 11.7 g/(kg·d) of QZKAF by gastric gavage, respectively, and the sham-operation group and the model group were gavaged with 0.1 ml/10 g of normal saline every day, all for 21 days. The in situ tumors mass and the number of liver metastases were compared between the groups. The pathological changes of colon tumor tissues were observed by HE staining, and the protein expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 1 (PTPN1), vinculin, integrin subunit αν, integrin subunit β3, and E-cadherin were detected in colon tumor tissues by Western blot. ResultsNetwork pharmacology screening yielded that the top six core active ingredients of QZKAF intervening in CRC were quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin, luteolin, baicalein and ursolic acid. There were 212 targets of action, and the ranked top three were prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 1 (PTGS1), prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), and PTPN1, which may be the key targets of QZKAF in the treatment of CRC. These key targets were significantly enriched mainly in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt) signaling pathway, focal adhesion and adhesion junction. Molecular docking results: except for PTGS1 with better binding activity to quercetin, kaempferol, and apigenin (binding energy ≥