Objective To study the preventive and therapeufic effect of sheep bone collagen peptide (SBCP) on osteoporosis of ovariectomized rats. Method Thirty-two 3.5 mon unmated SD female rats were randomly divided into 4 groups by weight:blank group (sham operation), control group (ovariectomized), sample 1 group (ovariectomized and fed freeze drying SBCP) and sample 2 group (ovariectomized and fed spray drying SBCP). Seven days after ovariectomy,the blank group and ovariectomized group were given distilled water (1 ml/100 g?d), the sample 1 and sample 2 group were given sample 1 and sample 2 (1000mg/kg.d). Body weight, feed efficiency, serum bone metabolizing index and bone density (BD), length and diameter of femur were measured 10 w later. Results The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) of ovariectomized or control group was significantly increased, but the increase was restrained in sample 1 and sample 2 group. The BGP of ovariectomized group was significantly higher than that of the blank group, and the BGP of sample 1 and sample 2 group was lower than that of the ovariectomized group, nearly equal to the blank group. The BD of ovariectomized group was declined significantly, but that of sample 1 and sample 2 group was declined slowly. The BD of sample 2 group washigher than that of ovariedomized group, even similar to the blank group. The length and diameter of femur in the sample groups were larger than those of ovariectomized group. The effect of sample 1 and sample 2 on serum bone metabolism indices and femur size was not significantly different. Conclusion Sheep bone collagen polypeptide can reduce the resorption of bone, promote bone growth, and also reduce postmenopausal osteoporosis effectively. The different drying methods have no difference in the anti-osteoporosis effect.