Objective The High-performance thin-layer(HPTLC) chromatographic fingerprint of Saikosaponin from Chaihu(roots of Bupleurum chinense DC.) was established and fingerprints similarity of different species of Bupleurum spp.were evaluated.Methods High-performance thin-layer chromatography(HPTLC)were carried out.The chromatographic conditions were as follows:pre-coated HPTLC silica-gel plate as stationary phase,dichloromethane-methanol-ethyl acetate-water(30:40:15:3) as mobile phase(solvent system) and 2 %p-DMBA/10 %Sulfuric acid alcoholic solution as derivatization reagent.The common pattern of HPTLC fingerprints were obtained through’Chromafinger’solution software,and authentication and quality assessment were analyzed by similarity and Principle Component Analysis.Results The common pattern of the roots of Bupleurum chinense DC.consists of 19 characteristic peaks,and higher similarities existed between the roots of Bupleurum chinense DC(Bei Chaihu),B.falcatum(San-dao Chaihu) and B.scorzonerifolium Willd.(Nan Chaihu),but Nan Chaihu contains much lower total saponins than that in Bei Chaihu.The other species of Bupleurum demonstrated their different chemical distribution.The toxic species of B.longiradiatum can be easily differentiated from other spp.by comparison with the HPTLC images.Conclusion The survey showed that the main commodities of’Chaihu’in the domestic market can be attributed to’Bei Chaihu fingerprint-pattern’.The toxic species of B.longiradiatum can be easily differentiated from other spp.by comparison with the HPTLC images.

Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent degradative pathway which is characterized by cytoplasmic vacuolization. However, it is not just a simple degradative pathway. Research shows that autophagy is related to many diseases, such as neurodegenerative disease, malignant tumor, ageing, pathogenic microorganism infection, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and so on. Autophagy exactly exists in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, and it becomes a new research hotspot. This review will focus on the occurrence and development of autophagy and its role, signal transduction and research status in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effects of ball attachment and Locator attachment for implant-supported overdenture.Methods:67 cases with edentulous jaw were treated with 150 Straumann and Bego implants and implant-supported overdentures using ball attachments Locator attachments,respectively.All cases were followed up regularly,biological and mechanical complications were observed,the patient satisfaction after restoration was compared between groups.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 software.Results:Follow-up was completed in 58 cases,25 with ball attachment,26 with Locator attachment and 7 with ball changed by Locator.Biological complications comparison showed that the incidence of gingival hyperplasia in the ball group was higher than that in the Locator group(P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical difference of mechanical complications between the 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05),but the incidence of all kinds of mechanical complications in the Locator group was less than those in the ball group,the average repair frequency of the ball and Locator group was 1.9 times and 0.9 times respectively.Patients'satisfaction on chewing and retention was higher in the Locator attachment group than that in the ball attachment group(P ＜ 0.05).No statistical difference was found in patients' satisfaction between genders (P＞0.05),and no correlation of satisfaction was found with patients' age and follow-up time.Conclusion:The clinical effects of implant-supported overdenture using the Locator attachment is superior to that using the ball attachment.

Objective To study the feasibility of using fractional flow reserve (FFR) to guide whether to perform coronary revascularization of non-culprit moderate stenosis in patients with unstable angina and estimate their clinical prognosis. Methods This study enrolled unstable angina patients with multivessel disease. First successful stenting of the culprit artery, then the other non-culprit moderate coronary stenosis were randomized into PCI guided by angiography or guided by FFR measurements. Death from any cause, nonfatal myocardial infarction, unplanned hospitalization leading to urgent revascularization and clinical manifestations with angina were followed during the first year. Results 71 patients were included, among them 35 patiens were randomly assigned to angiography-guided PCI and 36 patients to FFR-guided PCI. In FFR-guided PCI group, FFR was successfully measured in all of non-culprit moderate coronary stenosis. In 23 stenosis, the FFR was greater than 0.80, and stents were not placed in these stenosis. In 13 stenosis with FFR<0.8, stent were inplant and FFR was raised≥0.95 after stenting. The percentage of patients who had a primary end-point event was higher in the angiography-guided PCI group than the FFR-guided PCI group (P<0.05). Neither the rate of mortelity from any cause nor the rate of non-fatal myocardial infarction had significant difference between the 2 groups. Related to the target vessels rates of nonfatal myocardial infarction (5.6%vs. 28.6%) and target lesion revascularization (5.6%vs. 31.4%) were statistically different (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively). Conclusions In patients with unstable angina, it is safe to use FFR values to guide decisions on the revascularization of angiographically moderate non-culprit stenosis. Routine measurement of FFR in addition to angiographic guidance, as compared with PCI guided by angiography alone, results in a significant reduction in major adverse events at 1 year, particularly in urgent revascularization, and clinical manifestations with angina get better.

AIM: To explore the transport and delivery of active drug from dexamethasone-angelica sinensis polysaccharides prodrug in the gastrointestinal tract of rats. METHODS: Dexamethasone and the prodrug were orally administered to rats at the dose of 1.96 mg?kg~ -1 (calculated by carried dexamethasone). The drugs in the plasma and contents of different parts of the rats' gastrointestinal tract were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS: Dexamethasone carried by the prodrug was mainly released in the contents and mucosa of cecum and colon after oral administration of the prodrug. The absorption of released dexamethasone was reduced significantly. The peak time, peak concentration and AUC were 7.2 h , 42 ?g?L~ -1 and 334 ?g?h?L~ -1 , respectively. However, free dexamethasone was found mainly in the contents and mucosa of the stomach, proximal and distal small intestine after oral administration. The peak time, peak concentration and AUC were 2.2 h, 2 120 ?g?L~ -1 and 11 875 ?g?h?L~ -1 , respectively. CONCLUSION: Dexamethasone can be specifically delivered to the cecum and colon by using dexamethasone- angelica sinensis polysaccharides prodrug. The absorption of dexamethasone was reduced significantly and the drug concentration in colon was increased significantly. The prodrug has a potential in the treatment of colitis.

AIM:To explore the therapeutic effect of dexamethasone Angelica sinensis polysaccharide prodrug(DEX-AP) on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS) induced ulcerative colitis(UC) in rats and its side effects.METHODS: The experimental UC rats were induced by clusis of the solution of TNBS in 45% alcoho1(50(mg?ml~(-1))).The UC rats were orally administrated with(0.25)(?mol?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)) DEX and(0.05),(0.25),(1.25)(?mol?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)) DEX-AP(calculated by carried DEX in DEX-AP) for 7 days,respectively.The rats were killed after the amount of peripheral blood lymphocyte was counted,then the spleen,thymus and colon were separated and weighted.After the ulcerative area of colon was calculated,the colonic myeloperoxidase(MPO) activity was determined and parts of colon were paraffin sectioned and examined under light microscope by HE stain.RESULTS: After the UC rats were administrated with different doses of DEX-AP for 7 days,the ulcerative area,the weight and the MPO activity of colon reduced significantly.The reduction of MPO activity was correlated to the dose of DEX-AP and the MPO activity with DEX-AP at the doses of(0.25),(1.25)(?mol?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)) reduced more significantly than that with DEX at the the dose of(0.25)(?mol?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)).The number of peripheral blood lymphocyte,spleen weight and thymus weight of UC rats reduced significantly at the dose of(0.25)(?mol?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)) DEX(P

Objective To observe the clinical effect of conservative therapy on prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc(PLID).Methods 365 PID patients included 78 acute cases and 287 subacute cases.The treating principle for acute cases was eliminating edema and aseptic inflammation,and that for subacute cases was releasing adhesion and removing inflammatory stimulation to nerve root.Results Of 78 acute patients,60 cases(76.9%) healed,18 cases(23.1%) improved;of 287 subacute patients,186 cases(64.8%) healed,101 cases(35.2%) improved,the effective rate of 365 patients was 99.7%.Conclusion Conservative therapy is effect on PLID at acute and subacute periods.

Objective To detect the serum level of vitamin D in infants with atopic dermatitis (AD),and to investigate the relationship between the serum level of vitamin D and severity of AD in infants.Methods Clinical data were collected from patients with moderate to severe AD (AD group)through a questionnaire survey in Children's Hospital of Shanxi from February to April in 2016,and the severity of AD was evaluated by the SCORing atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) score.A total of 95 health checkup examinees served as the control group.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)was performed to detect the serum level of 25 (OH) D3 in the AD group and control group,as well as the total serum IgE level in the AD group.Blood cell analyzer was used to determine the proportion of blood eosinophils in the AD group.Results A total of 97 patients with AD were enrolled into the study,including 43 (44.3 ％) patients with moderate AD and 54 (55.7％) patients with severe AD.The serum level of 25 (OH) D3 was significantly lower in the AD group than in the healthy control group ([66.71 ± 21.07] nmol/L vs.[85.43 ± 14.87] nmol/L,P ＜ 0.01),as well as in the patients with severe AD than in the patients with moderate AD ([47.54 ± 29.36] nmol/L vs.[63.89 ± 26.67] nmol/L,P =0.006).The proportion of blood eosinophils was significantly higher in the severe AD group than in the moderate AD group (0.124 ± 0.094 vs.0.061 ± 0.060,P ＜ 0.001).There was no significant difference in the total serum IgE level between the moderate AD group and severe AD group (P =0.375).Among the patients with AD,the serum level of 25 (OH) D3 was negatively correlated with the proportion of blood eosinophils (r =-0.336,P ＜ 0.05),but there was no correlation between the serum level of 25 (OH)D3 and total serum IgE level (r =-0.174,P ＞ 0.05).The serum level of 25 (OH)D3 was significantly associated with breastfeeding and vitamin D supplementation (P ＜ 0.05),but unrelated to age,gender,course of disease and acute exudative phase (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The serum level of 25 (OH) D3 is evidently decreased in infants with AD,and vitamin D deficiency is closely related to the severity of AD in infancy.

Objective:Autoimmune mechanisms, including cellular and humoral immune, are likely to participate in the pathogenesis of at least a subgroup of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy(IDC), in which cellular immune-mediated one plays a more important role. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4(CTLA-4) is the major negative regulatory factor of cellular immunity. This study was conducted to investigate the association of CTLA-4 gene promoter -318C/T polymorphism, exon 1 A/G polymorphism and 3′ untranslated region microsatellite polymorphism with susceptibility to IDC in Han Chinese.Methods:Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms(PCR-RFLP) techniques were used to analyze the polymorphisms of CTLA-4 promoter -318, exon 1 A/G and 3′ untranslated region in the unrelated Han ethnic population in Heilongjiang Province(including 72 IDC patients and 100 normal controls). Serum sCTLA-4 was tested by ELISA. The relationship of CTLA-4 genotype and alleles frequencies with sCTLA-4 was evaluated by linear regression analysis.Results:Compared with controls, the frequencies of GG genotype(0.604 2 and 0.739 6, P=0.012) and the G allele(0.360 0 and 0.560 0, P=0.008) were significantly increased in patients with IDC. Increased serum sCTLA-4 was found in the IDC group compared with the controls[(1.87?1.06)?g/L vs (0.54?0.19)?g/L, P