Objective To discuss the preoperative interstitial chemotherapy effect and significance on Ki‐67 and Caspase‐3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma .Methods 60 cases of well‐differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma were divided into three groups ,non chemotherapy before operation group(n= 30) ,intravenous chemotherapy before operation group (n= 15) and interstitial chemo‐therapy before operation group(n=15) .The expressions of Ki‐67 and Caspase‐3 were determined by immunohistochemical method , then compared between three groups .Results The labelling index of Ki‐67 in tissue of carcinoma were significant differences a‐mong each groups(P< 0 .05) .The labelling index of Ki‐67 in adjacent mucosas of carcinoma were significant differences among three groups(P<0 .05) .The expression rates of Caspase‐3 were significant differences among three groups(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Preoperative interstitial chemotherapy than preoperative intravonous chemotherapy for oral squamous carcinoma more inhibit tumor growth and reduce local recurrence through the inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of cell apoptosis ,thus inhibiting tumor growth .