Thrombospondin(TSP) has five members with diversiform expressions and complicated biologic functions in different histiocytes all over the body.TSP also is widely expressed in different parts of eye,such as retinal pigment epithelial cells,corneal endothelial cells and lens epithelial cells,etc.,and sometimes TSP is secreted by trabecular meshwork cells.As a group of cytokines,TSP plays an important regulating role in the physiological and pathological activities of eye.Studies determined that TSP participates in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration,repaired of corneal diseases,formation of cataract,development of open-angle glaucoma,pathological process of eye tumor,occurrence of proliferating vitroretinopathy and diabetic retinopathy.Studies towards their functions are helpful for revealing the pathogenesis of eye diseases and providing new ideas of prevention and therapy.The distribution,source and eye disease-related action of TSP were summarized.

The folate metabolic pathway plays important roles in cellular physiology by participating in nucleotide synthesis, DNA repair and methylation, and maintenance and stability of the genome. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a key regulatory enzyme involved in folate metabolism. Polymorphisms of MTHFR may change the level of homocysteine and affect DNA synthesis and methylation, leading to an increased oxidative stress and disturbed methylation reactions and consequently affecting reproductive function. This article presents an overview on MTHFR gene polymorphisms, proposing that multicentered, large-sample and long-term prospective studies are needed to reveal the relationship between MTHFR gene polymorphisms and infertility.
DNA ; biosynthesis ; DNA Methylation ; DNA Repair ; Folic Acid ; metabolism ; Homocysteine ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infertility ; enzymology ; genetics ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Prospective Studies

BACKGROUND: Approximately 20% to 30% of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) develop recurrent angina pectoris following successful and complete coronary revascularization utilizing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We aim to investigate predictors of recurrent angina pectoris in patients who have undergone successful coronary revascularization using PCI, but on repeat coronary angiography have no need for secondary revascularization. METHODS: The study comprised 3,837 patients with CAD, who were enrolled from January 2007 to June 2019. They had undergone successful PCI; some of them redeveloped angina pectoris within one year after the procedure, but on repeat coronary angiography had no need for revascularization. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count was used to evaluate the velocity of coronary blood in the follow-up angiogram. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate risk factors for recurrent angina pectoris. Similarly, predictors of recurrent angina according to the TIMI frame count were assessed using multivariate linear regression. RESULTS: In this retrospective study, 53.5% of patients experienced recurrent angina pectoris. By multivariate logistic regression, the following characteristics were statistically identified as risk factors for recurrent angina pectoris: female sex, older age, current smoking, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥1.8 mmol/L, and an elevated TIMI frame count (P for all <0.05). Similarly, using multivariate linear regression, the statistical risk factors for TIMI frame count included: female sex, older age, diabetes, body mass index (BMI), post-procedural treatment without the inclusion of dual antiplatelet therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Patient characteristics of female sex, older age, diabetes, and elevated BMI are associated with an increased TIMI frame count, coronary microcirculation dysfunction, and recurrent angina pectoris after initially successful PCI. In addition, current smoking and LDL-C ≥1.8 mmol/L are risk factors for recurrent angina pectoris. In contrast, the treatment with dual antiplatelet therapy is negatively correlated with a higher TIMI frame count and the risk of recurrent angina pectoris.

OBJECTIVETo compare anatomical differences between subinguinal and ilioinguinal approaches for the treatment of acetabular fracture and investigate clinical therapeutic effect of subinguinal approach.

METHODSSeven fresh human bodies were chosen, comparative study were performed on the right and left side on the same specimen. Ilioinguinal approaches were adopted on the left and subinguinal were adopted on the right. Inner part of incision started to sun wild above pubic symphysis at 2 cm, and lateral incision ranged from iliac to anterior superior spine about 5 cm. Length and transverse diameter of the first window exposed and lliopsoas freeness were tested and compared. Fifteen acetabular fracture patients treated through subinguinal approach were compared from May 2010 to August 2012. Among all patients, including 12 males and 3 females aged from 20 to 65 years old with an average of 40.6 years old. Matta criteria were used to evaluate clinical outcomes.

RESULTSLength and transverse diameter of the first window exposed and lliopsoas freeness through subinguinal approach were better than through ilioinguinal approach (P<0.01). In 15 patients with acetabular fracture, 10 patients obtained anatomical reduction and 10 patients got satisfied reduction in accordance with Matta criteria. X-ray results of all patients were excellent.

CONCLUSIONCompared with ilioinguinal approach, subinguinal approach could enlarge visualization of the first window and simplify surgical procedure. It is an ideal approach to expose anterior and anterior-medialis wall of acetabulum and anterior hip capsule.

Acetabulum ; injuries ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Fracture Fixation ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Groin ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Alanine Transaminase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Liver ; drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between damages of visual field and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG)with highly myopia. POAG with highly myopia group (21 eyes of 17 cases), POAG with non-highly myopia group (17 eyes of 16 cases), highly myopia without POAG group (25 eyes of 20 cases) and normal control group (19 eyes of 17 cases).automated perimeter and thickness of RNFL was measured by optical coherent tomography(OCT). Main outcome mean deviation (MD), pattern standard deviation (PSD) and mean sensitivity at superior, inferior, nasal and temporal sectors in total deviation probability plots. Thickness of RNFL at superior, inferior, nasal and temporal sector.total deviation probability plots of the early POAG with highly myopia than that of POAG without highly myopia,and the early visual field defects of glaucoma in pattern deviation probability plots of this group. MD of POAG with highly myopia was more than those of others (P＜0.05).The differences of MD, PSD and mean sensitivity between POAG with highly myopia and others were significant(P＜0.05).Mean sensitivities in each sector of POAG without highly myopia were similar to those of highly myopia(P＞0.05). The thickness of RNFL of POAG with highly myopia was thinner than that of others and the thickness of RNFL of normality was thicker than that of others. The relationship between mean sensitivity and the thickness of RNFL in each quadrant was significant(P＜0.05).judgment of the visual field changes in POAG with highly myopia. The relationship between RNFL thickness by OCT and visual field damage may provide clinically relevant information in diagnosis of POAG with highly myopia. Field; optical coherent tomography

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common types of liver cancer and is the second leading cause of cancer mortality with an estimated 745 500 deaths annually (Jemal et al., 2011). Although new therapeutic modalities including novel chemotherapeutic interventions and targeted therapy have been applied, the prognosis of HCC patients remains unsatisfactory due to the high incidence of intrahepatic and distal metastases (Siegel et al., 2018).
Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/physiology* ; Biomarkers ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology* ; Female ; Genome ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology* ; Male ; MicroRNAs/analysis* ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Repressor Proteins/physiology*

OBJECTIVETo explore the therapeutic effect and safety of fire needling on rat with rheumatoid arthritis.

METHODSForty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, a methotrexate (MTX) group and a fire needling group, 10 rats in each group. The 0.1 mL of normal saline was subcutaneously injected in rat's right back paw in the normal group, while the other groups received subcutaneous injection of 0.1 mL of complete Freund's adjuvant to establish the model. The pricking method was applied in the fire needling group at "Jiaji" (EX-B 2), "Zusanli" (ST 36) and Ashi points with a depth of 5 mm, once every three days, and totally eight times were required. In the MTX group, with intragastric administration of 2.0 mg/kg per rat, the treatment was given once every seven days, and totally four times were required. The weight, swelling rate of foot, joint pain score and polyarthritis index of rats in each group as well as the pathological change of liver tissue under light microscope were observed.

RESULTSThe weight, swelling rate of foot, joint pain score and polyarthritis index in the model group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), after the treatment, the above-mentioned indexes in the two treatment groups were obviouly dereased as componed with those in the model group (all P < 0.01), and there were statistical differences between the fire needling group and MTX group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the normal group, inflammatory cells were appeared with a cluster distribution in the liver cells of rats in the model group. The inflammatory cells were reduced in the MTX group and fire needling group, and liver cells had degenerative edema and cell nucleus were largen and deformed in the MTX group.

CONCLUSIONThe fire needling has significant efficacy for rats with adjuvant arthritis (AA) without any damage to the liver, which coud have a better control of disease progression of rheumatoid arthritis .

Acupuncture Therapy ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; methods ; Animals ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo understand the epidemiologic features and etiology of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in China so as to provide evidence for the development of preventive measures on H. pylori infection and related diseases.

METHODSMeta-analysis was used to evaluate the data extracted from 1990 - 2002 published papers on the epidemiology of H. pylori infection in China.

RESULTSThe average infection rate of H. pylori infection in China was 58.07%, with 50% in 10 to 20 year-olds. Significant intrafamilial clustering was observed. H. pylori infection was a risk factor to develop gastrointestinal disease.

CONCLUSIONSH. pylori infections in Chinese were common and extensively distributed, which might due to close contact between family members.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Family ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections ; complications ; epidemiology ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stomach Neoplasms ; etiology

The study is to prepare taste masking and enteric-coated clarithromycin granules by melting and fluid bed coating technology. Clarithromycin and matrix materials were melted at a certain temperature, and then made into particles by fluidized bed coating. X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to identify the crystal and morphology of drug loading granules. In vitro dissolution method was used for the observation of the drug release behavior. The results showed that the drug particles size range was 0.2 - 0.6 mm; the crystal form of clarithromycin in the granule did not change; enteric-coated granules accumulated release in 0.1 mol L(-1) hydrochloric acid in 2 h was less than 10%, while in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer in 1 h was more than 80%. The taste masking and enteric-coated clarithromycin granules not only have good taste masking effect, but also have a good release behavior. It is expected to have better clinical application.
Clarithromycin ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Crystallization ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Excipients ; chemistry ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Particle Size ; Tablets, Enteric-Coated ; Taste ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; X-Ray Diffraction