Objective To evaluate the feasibility of Selective Portal Vein Embolization(SPVE)in rabbits with the mixture of ZT glue and Lipiodol.Methods Sixteen white New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups:Group A,ZT glue:Lipiodol(1:2)mixture and Group B Lipiodol group.SPVE of left branch was performed in each group under digital subtraction angiography.The distribution feature of the embolic agents and the histopathology of liver in each group were observed.The weight ratio of the right lobe to the whole liver at the 30th day after SPVE were recorded and analyzed.Results Permanent embolization were occurred in group A.Recanalization was appeared in group B.Atrophy of the embolized lobes and compensatory hypertrophy of none-embolized lohes was,observed..The weight ratio of the right lobe to the whole liver Was 69.41±5.10% in group A.There was statistical difference between these two groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion There were permanent embolization after SPVE with the mixture of ZT glue and lipiodol.SPVE induced atrophy of the embolized lobes of liver and compensatory hypertrophy of none-embolized lobes.

Objective To summarize clinical characteristics, prevention and treatment of postoperative chronic hyponatremia after liver transplantation(LT). Methods Clinical data of 26 patients presenting with chronic hyponatremia after LTwereretrospectivelyanalyzed.BaselinedataandmaincomplicationsofpatientswithhyponatremiaafterLTwererecorded. Thecorrelationbetweenpostoperativelengthofhospitalstayandthedurationofhyponatremiawasanalyzed.Clinicaltreatment and prognosis were summarized. Results Among 26 patients, the median blood sodium concentration was 131 mmol/L (range 125 to 133 mmol/L). Al patients were diagnosed with mild or moderate degree of hyponatremia. Main complications included pulmonary infection (n=13, 50%), acute rejection of liver graft (n=7, 27%) and digestive tract hemorrhage (n=7, 27%). Postoperative length of hospital stay was correlated with the duration of hyponatremia. After ful evaluation of patient's conditionandexcludingthepotentialinducers,aportionof3%ofhypertonicsalinewasadministeredviagastro-intestinaltract and/or vein. After positive treatment, 23 cases (88%) were healed and 3 (12%) died from infection complicated with multiple organ failure. Conclusions After LT, the incidence of chronic hyponatremia is low with mild severity. Postoperative length of hospitalstayiscorrelatedwiththedurationofhyponatremia.Thekeyoftreatmentistotimelyexcludetheinducers,correctthe low level of sodium based upon the individual principles and prevent the incidence of postoperative complications.

Objective:Objective To explore the clinical values of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in bacterial 16S rRNA region and fungal ITS region for diagnosing and treating urinary tract infection (UTI) in renal transplant recipients.Methods:A total of 90 mid-stream clean-catch urine samples were collected from renal transplant recipients who were diagnosed with UTI at Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019. Each sample was equally divided and tested via NGS method and traditional urine culture separately. The results of pathogen test and detection rate were analyzed and compared.Results:And 21/90 sample were considered to be contaminated due to the identification of three or more kinds of microorganisms by culture. And among the remaining 69 samples, 36 (52.17%) cases tested positive by 16S rRNA sequencing, 25 (36.23%) positive by urine bacterial culture; meanwhile, 34(49.28%) tested positive by ITS sequencing and 4(5.80%) positive by urine fungal culture.Conclusions:The detection rate of both bacteria and fungi in NGS microorganism testing is higher than that in traditional urine culture ( P< 0.05). For renal transplant recipients with UTI, NGS microorganism testing is an effective supplement for traditional urine culture. Improving the detection rate and accuracy of etiology may enable an optimization of individualized treatment.

【Objective】 To investigate the predictive factors of clinical T1 (cT1) stage renal cell carcinoma (RCC) escalation to T3a (pT3a), hoping to identify high-risk patients with occult pT3a features. 【Methods】 A total of 666 patients with cT1 RCC who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy were involved and divided into upstaging group and non-upstaging group. The independent predictive factors of cT1 to pT3a stage were determined with univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. A model was established. The area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and calibration plot were used to assess the predictive model’s discrimination and calibration. 【Results】 The upgrading rate was 11.4% (n=76). The RENAL score, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), prognosis nutrition index (PNI) and Cystatin C (Cys C) were correlated to pT3a upgrading. Our model exhibited good discrimination (AUC=0.726, 95%CI:0.662-0.791) and decent calibration. In the internal validation, the high C-index value of 0.717 was still attainable. 【Conclusions】 RENAL score, NLR, PNI, and Cys C can be used to predict the risk of postoperative pT3a stage escalation in patients with cT1 stage renal cancer. Urologists can complete risk stratification and treatment based on these indicators.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical experience of kidney transplantation from donors with Marfan syndrome (MFS). Methods Clinical data of 2 recipients undergoing kidney transplantation from the same MFS patient were retrospectively analyzed and literature review of 2 cases was conducted. Characteristics and clinical diagnosis and treatment of kidney transplantation from MFS patients were summarized. Results The Remuzzi scores of the left and right donor kidneys of the MFS patient during time-zero biopsy were 1 and 2. No significant difference was observed in the renal arteriole wall compared with other donors of brain death and cardiac death. Two recipients who received kidney transplantation from the MFS patient suffered from postoperative delayed graft function. After short-term hemodialysis, the graft function of the recipients received the left and right kidney began to gradually recover at postoperative 10 d and 20 d. After discharge, serum creatinine level of the recipient received the left kidney was ranged from 80 to 90 μmol/L, whereas that of the recipient received the right kidney kept declining, and the lowest serum creatinine level was 232 μmol/L before the submission date (at postoperative 43 d). Through literature review, two cases successfully undergoing kidney transplantation from the same MFS donor were reported. Both two recipients experienced delayed graft function, and then renal function was restored to normal. Until the publication date, 1 recipient has survived for 6 years, and the other recipient died of de novo cerebrovascular disease at postoperative 2 years. Conclusions MFS patients may serve as an acceptable source of kidney donors. However, the willingness and general conditions of the recipients should be carefully evaluated before kidney transplantation. Intraoperatively, potential risk of tear of renal arterial media should be properly treated. Extensive attention should be paid to the incidence of postoperative complications.