When growing and metabolizing through carbon resources of hydrocarbon, Pseudomonas 23-1 produces acidicacid and gas. The amount of acidic acid is 0. 015mol/L The output of gas,which thd main composition is CO2 and CH4, is 20ml/L. The organic acid and gas is the important reasons of decreasing the viscosity, enhancing the flow and improving the product of oil.

Pseudomonas 23-1 Can metabolize hydrocarbon to produce the surfactant which is glycolipid outside the cell. The glycolipid, whose content is 1.25g / L, is composed of rhamnose and tencarbon fatry acid. It's critical micella concentration is 200g/L. It has the good ability to emulsify the oil. The main reason of improving the product of oil, decreasing the viscosity and enhancing the flow of oil is the effect of surfastant-glycolipid.

Objective To observe the expression of induced nitricoxide synthase(iNOS)in ligustrazine against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.Methods Fifty white guinea pigs with normal hearing were randomly divided into the control group,ligustrazine group and traditional Chinese drug(TCD)group.The alternations of hearing function were evaluated by the examination of auditory brainstem response(ABR).Some specimens were perfused by AgNO3 and observed the damage of bristle cell.And some were sent for immunohistochemistry to detect the expression of iNOS.Results Compared with the control group,the threshold of ABR in ligustrazine group and TCD group were significantly different.There was a significant difference between the ligustrazine group and TCD group.There was no expression of iNOS in Cortis',spiral ganglion cell and stria vascularis in normal cochlear(control group).In the ligustrazine group,the expression became stronger in spiral ganglion cell,stria vascularis,spiral ligament and Cortis'.INOS also expressed in TCD group.Conclusion Ligustrazine can antagonize cisplatin-induced ototoxicity by inhibiting the expression of iNOS.

Objective: To observe the characteristics of serum homocysteine (Hcy) distribution and the epidemiological characteristics of high serum level of Hcy (HHcy) in Kazakh population.
Methods: The stratiifed cluster random sampling method was used to investigate 1003 kazakh individuals in Xinyuan county of Xinjiang including 433 male and 570 female, and they were individuals into 5 age groups:①(25-34) years, n=333,②(35-44) years, n=306, ③(45-54) years, n=230, ④(55-65) years, n=90, ⑤>65 years, n=44. The questionnaire survey, physical check-up and blood biochemical examination were performed and compared among different groups.
Results: ① The geometrical mean of Hcy was 13.3μmol/L, and the male was higher than female as 16.0μmol/L vs 11.6μmol/L. ②By age stratiifcation, the serum levels of Hcy elevated with the increased age accordingly. Except for those with the age>65 years, the serum levels of Hcy were all higher in male than female in other 4 age groups. ③The average rate of HHcy prevalence was 31.5%, and the male was higher than female as 49.9%vs 17.5%.④The average rate of H type hypertension prevalence was 35.1%, and the male was higher than female as 44.3%vs 28.1%. There were 87.6%of H type hypertensive patients with H type hypertension, and the male was higher than female as 95.0%vs 80.0%, all P<0.001.
Conclusion: The serum levels of Hcy were different from gender and age; the prevalences of HHcy and H type hypertension were higher in Kazakh population at Xinyuan county of Xinjiang. Community intervention should be conducted to improve the public health condition in Kazakh population.

Objective To investigate the relationship between polymorphisms of PPARγ gene(rs1801282, rs3856806 and rs4684847) and hypertension in Uygur. Methods Polymorphisms of PPARγ gene,rs1801282, rs3856806 and rs4684847, were identified in 145 hypertension patients and 165 healthy volunteersby matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Results(1)Frequencies of rs1801282 CC genotype and C allele were 75.9% and 87.2% in hypertension grouprespectively, which were higher than those in control group (63.6% and 79.7%, respectively, P < 0.05);(2) After risk analysis, individuals with GG and CG genotypes of rs1801282 had 0.273 and 0.594 times higherrisks to develop hypertension than those with CC genotype respectively , while individuals with C allele had 1.742times higher risk to develop hypertension than those with G allele ; (3) Multivariate logistic regression analysisshowed that polymorphism of rs1801282, overweight and obesity were risk factors for the incidence ofhypertension. (4) No significant differences in both frequencies of rs3856806 and rs4684847 genotypes andallele were noted between hypertension group and control group (P > 0.05). (5) SBP in rs1801282 CC genotypecarriers was higher than in CG / GG gene ones, whereas TC was opposite (P < 0.05). Conclusions In theUygur, individuals with CC genotype and C allele at rs1801282 of PPARγ gene are at higher risk ofhypertension. Polymorphism of rs3856806 and rs4684847 may be irrelevant with hypertension in the Uygur.

Objective To investigate the effect of haplotype and linkage disequilibrium of PPARγgene rs3856806, rs12490265, rs1797912, and rs1175543 in patients with metabolic syndrome ( MS) in Kazakhs of Xinjiang.Methods MALDI-TOF-MS was used to detect PPARγgene rs3856806, rs12490265, rs1797912, and rs1175543 genotypes in 489 subjects ( including 245 MS and 244 controls ) .Results ( 1 ) The frequencies of rs3856806T, rs12490265A, rs1797912C and rs1175543G alleles for MS group in Kazakhs were all significantly lower than those for controls [ rs3856806T allele:12.53% vs 17.01%; rs12490265A allele: 31.84% vs 38.52%;rs1797912C allele:35.31%vs 43.24%;rs1175543G allele:40.61%vs 47.54%(all P<0.05)].(2)Significant linkage disequilibrium were observed between PPARγgene rs1797912 and rs1175543, rs12490265, and rs1175543 polymorphisms.(3)AGCC and GAAT were significantly different between MS and control group in Kazakhs(both P<0.05).(4) Carrying rs3856806T, rs12490265A, rs1797912C, rs1175543G was 0.267 times that of carrying rs3856806C, rs12490265G, rs1797912A, rs1175543A.Conclusions The PPARγgene rs3856806, rs12490265, rs1797912 and rs1175543 polymorphisms were associated with metabolic syndrome in Kazakhs.There were very strong linkage disequilibrium between PPARγgene rs1797912 and rs1175543, rs12490265 and rs1175543 polymorphisms, The AGCC haplotype and GAAT haplotype may serve as protective factors of metabolic syndrome.Carrying rs3856806T, rs12490265A, rs1797912C, and rs1175543G may confer lower risk of MS in Kazakhs.

Objective:To explore the effectiveness of autologous fat grafting in the treatment of undesirable skin expansion.Methods:Patients' data were reviewed from 2011 to 2016, including the expanded regions with early signs of skin complications in face and neck. The effects of fat grafting group and control group were evaluated by follow-up records of expansion volume, skin thickness, skin texture and local capillary reaction.Results:Fat grafting could increase the thickness of expanded skin. It also improved the texture of expanded skin, with 0.83± 0.71 points before treatment and 1.30±0.66 points after treatment ( P=0.04). The local capillary reaction was also improved from 1.06±0.54 points before treatment and 1.45±0.51 points after treatment ( P=0.03). The expansion in the fat grafting group was 2.21±0.57 times before treatment and 2.94±0.83 times after treatment. In the control group, the expansion was 2.19 times when it showed early signs, and no obvious changes were observed during the follow-up period. Conclusions:Autologous fat grafting can effectively treat complications of skin expansion, prolong expansion process and promote tissue regeneration.

Objective: To compare metabolic syndrome(MS)with Framingham risk score as predictors of cardiovascular disease(CVD)among Kazakhs population. Methods: The participants were the residents who had been followed up for more than 5 years in representative areas of Kazakhs in Xinjiang. We assigned MS a continuous risk score for predicting the development of CVD based on the weights of MS components. MS and Framingham risk score were compared in terms of their ability in predicting years in representative areas of Kazakhs in Xinjiang. We assigned MS a continuous risk score for predicting the development of CVD based on the weights of MS components. MS and Framingham risk score were compared in terms of their ability in predicting development of CVD using Cox regression and receiver operating characteristic curve. Results: The incidence of CVD was 13.87%. The incidence of CVD was higher in the MS group than it in the non-MS group(21.59% vs 11.10%, P<0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve of MS risk score was significantly larger than that of MS classification(0.727 vs 0.585, P<0.001); the area under the curve of MS risk score was close to that of Framingham risk score(0.732 vs 0.727, P=0.673). The association between CVD and each quintile of MS risk score was more significant than that between Framingham risk score and CVD under the same exposed condition(4.61, 9.33, 14.15, 22.29 vs 3.69, 6.36, 8.47, 16.99). Conclusion MS risk score that included age may be a better predictor of CVD among Kazakhs population.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and appropriate cut-off point of waist circumference of abdominal obesity for components of metabolic syndrome in Uygur population in Xinjiang. Methods A questionnaire-based survey, physical examination, and blood testing were conducted according to cluster random sampling in Uygur residents above 18 years old in Xinjiang.There were 3 542 samples collected,based on the International Diabetes Federation(IDF)standard of metabolic syndrome, the relativities of clustering of metabolic syndrome components and different strata of waist circumference for Uygur were analyzed,and looking for the appropriate cut-off points for identifying two or more components of metabolic syndrome within the shortest distance of receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results According to IDF standard,the waist circumference(85 cm for men,82 cm for women)corresponded to the shortest distance in ROC curve,at these cut-offs of abdominal obesity for component of metabolic syndrome,the prevalences of metabolic syndrome were 21.3%,19.5%in men, while 23.0%in women,the prevalence of women was higher than that of men(P<0.05).The prevalences of≥1,≥2 components of metabolic syndrome were shown an increasing trend with the increasing size of waist circumference, and the odds ratio of clustering of metabolic syndrome components were also increased significantly.Conclusion The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Xinjiang Uygur population was higher than that of national level.The cut-off points of waist circumference(85 cm for men,82 cm for women)combining other components definition of IDF standard were recommended for identifying metabolic syndrome of Uygurs.

Objective: To construct and confirm a predictive model for the risks of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) with metabolic syndrome (MS) and its factors in Xinjiang Kazakh population. Methods: A total of 2 286 Kazakh individuals were followed for 5 years from 2010 to 2012 as baseline survey. They were recruited in Xinyuan county, Yili city, Xinjiang. CVD cases were identified via medical records of the local hospitals in 2013, 2016 and 2017, respectively. Factor analysis was performed on 706 MS patients at baseline, and main factors, age, and sex were extracted from 18 medical examination indexs to construct a predictive model of CVD risk. After excluding the subjects with CVD at baseline and incomplete data, 2007 were used as internal validation, and 219 Kazakhs in Halabra Township were used as external validation. Logistic regression discriminations were used for internal validation and external validation, as well as to calculate the probability of CVD for each participant and receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: The prevalence of MS in Kazakh was 30.88%. Seven main factors were extracted from the Kazakh MS population, namely obesity factor, blood lipid and blood glucose factor, liver function factor, blood lipid factor, renal metabolic factor, blood pressure factor, and liver enzyme factor. The area under the curve (AUC) for predicting CVD in the internal validation was 0.773 (95%CI 0.754-0.792). In the external validation, the AUC for predicting CVD was 0.858 (95%CI 0.805-0.901). Conclusions The CVD risk prediction model constructed by 7 main factors extracted from Kazakh MS patients has high validation efficiency and can be used for risk assessment of CVD in Xinjiang Kazakh population.