Objective To study the distribution of As and other trace elements in drinking water,grain and soil of arsenism disease area in Tumotezuoqi of Inner-Mongloia and to provide theoretical bases for the prevention and treatment of endemic arsenism and improving water quality.Methods The concentrations of As and other trace elements in well-water,wheat,corn,sorghum and soil were determined using neutron activation analysis.Results The result showed that the arsenic contents in drinking water of Tumotezuoqi were from139to899?g /L,which were much higher than that of the allowance limit(

Objective To develop a method for the determination of aflatoxins B1,B2,G1 and G2 in Chinese herbal medicine.Methods The herbal medicine samples were cleaned up on immunoaffinity columns and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) with fluorescence detection.For chromatographic separation,a Zorbax SB C18(4.6 mm?150 mm,5 ?m) column was employed.The separation was carried out as the mobile phase of methanol-0.01 mol/L KH2PO(44+6)with a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min at column temperature of 35 ℃.The reaction tube temperature of postcolumn derivatization system was 70 ℃.The detection was observed by fluorescence with excitation at 360 nm and emission wavelength at 425 nm.Results The calibration curve showed good linearity in the range of 12.00-300.00 ?g/L for aflatoxin B1,and 24.00-600.00 ?g/L for aflatoxin B2,G1 and G2.The lowest limits of detection for aflatoxins in Chinese herbal medicine were 0.025 ?g/L for AFB1,0.085 ?g/L for AFB2,0.060 ?g/L for AFG1,and 0.055 ?g/L for AFG2,and the correlation coefficients were ≥0.996.Recoveries were 81.7%-101.2% for aflatoxin B1,B2,G1 and G2 spiked to Fructus amomi,Radix angelicae sinensis,Rhizoma polygonati,Rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae and Rhizoma dioscoreae at the level of 5 ?g/L,and the relative standard deviations were 0.7%-4.9% in all instances.Conclusion The method has good stability,high sensitivity and high selectivity,and it is applicable to the determination of aflatoxins in Chinese herbal medicine.

[Objective]To explore the results of the treatment of the ischemic necrosis of femoral head using titanium alloy cage in animal models.[Method]The ischemic necrosis of femur head was made with the liquid nitrogen in 15 hybrid adult dogs.The titanium alloy cage of threaded central empty cylinder with multi-hole periphery was driven into the full depth of the center decompression canal to the subchondral bone.The dogs were divided into 3 groups,5 dogs in each groups were sacrificed respectively at 3,6,12 weeks after operation.Radiograph and histologic examination were used to evaluate the results.[Result]No collapse of femoral head was observed postoperation.The position of the cages was located wall in X-ray films.Under microscope,the cancellous bone of necrotic femoral head rebuilted up gradually.The cancellous bone grew into cage.After 12-week creeping substitution,the cancellous bone filled up the hollow and the peripheral holes of the cages.[Conclusion]The titanium alloy cage can provide structural support to the subchondral bone and prevent collapse.The cancellous bone grows into the cages through the peripheral holes.The necrotic femoral heads are restoration.The titanium alloy cage could be recommended for the treatment of the ischemic necrosis of femoral head.

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects and mechanism of ACEI(Fosinopril),AT1 receptor antagonism (Irbesartan),and combination of these two drugs on ventricular remodeling in rats with myocardial infarction.Methods Rats were randomly divided into four groups at twenty-four hours after MI,and treated for 6 weeks.Mean blood pressure and left ventricular end diastolic pressure(LVEDP) were evaluated,as well as ventricular weight(VW)/body weight(BW) ratio.The total,type I and type Ⅲcollagen and nonmyocyte cellular proliferation were quantified by histomorphometry.The expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-? 1)mRNA within the noninfarction zone was determined by in situ hybridization.Results Irbesartan and combination therapy decreased total collagen more significantly compared with fosinopril.Combination therapy decreased typeⅠcollagen more significantly than fosinopril.Nonmyocyte cellar proliferation in MI-combination group was more significantly suppressed than in MI-fosinopril group.Treatment with irbesartan or combination therapy normalized TGF-? 1 mRNA level within the noninfarction zone.Conclusion Fosinopril or irbesartan alone ,and combination of these two drugs can limit myocardial hypertrophy,attenuate the development of myocardial interstitial fibrosis,and prevent nonmyocyte cellar proliferation in the noninfarcted left ventricle.The use of irbesartan,especially combined with fosinopril was more effective than fosinopril alone in the suppression of histopathologic changes resulting in ventricular remodeling after MI.Irbesartan and combination therapy was more effective than fosinopril alone in suppressing TGF-? 1 mRNA expression.

Objective To observe the sedative effect of dexmedetomidine in senile cataract surgery with retrobulbar nerve block.Methods Ninety-three senile cataract patients,ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ grades,aged from 65 to 82 years old,scheduled for cataract surgery with retrobulbar nerve block were equally randomized into three groups by systematic sampling.The patients in three groups were given bolus infusion dexmedetomidine 0.5 μ g/kg before operation and group A was maintained by 0.2 μ g/ (kg· h),group B was maintained by 0.4 μ g/(kg· h) and group C was maintained by 0.6 μ g/(kg· h).Ramsay score,mean arterial blood pressure (MAP),heart rate (HR),respiratory rate,pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded before anesthesia (T0),after retrobulbar nerve block (T1),and after sedative administration for 10 (T2),20 (T3),30 (T4),60 min (T5).Results The operation in three groups was successful.The scores of Ramsay at T2-T5 in three groups was significantly higher than that at T0 [group A:(2.6 ± 0.7),(2.5 ±0.2),(2.4 ±0.8),(2.4 ± 0.3) scores vs.(2.0 ± 0.0) scores;group B:(3.0 ± 0.7),(3.8 ± 0.7),(4.2 ± 0.2),(4.5 ± 0.2)scores vs.(2.0 ± 0.0) scores;group C:(3.8 ± 0.6),(4.7 ± 0.4),(5.2 ± 0.8),(5.6 ± 0.6) scores vs.(2.0 ± 0.0) scores].The scores of Ramsay at T3-T5 in group C was significantly higher than that in group A and group B,the scores of Ramsay in group B was significantly higher than that in group A,there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The HR at T3-T5 in three groups was significantly lower than that at T0 [group A:(77 ± 5),(76 ± 7),(74 ± 12) times/min vs.(88 ± 12) times/min; group B:(72 ± 9),(70 ± 8),(70 ± 11)times/min vs.(90 ± 10) times/min;group C:(64 ±7),(55 ±7),(54 ±6) times/min vs.(88 ±9)times/min],the HR at T3-T5 in group C was significantly lower than that in group A and group B,there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The level of MAP,respiratory rate in three groups and interclass had no significant difference (P＞ 0.05).There was no respiratory depression,nausea,vomiting and dizzy occurred.Conclusion Bolus infusion dexmedetomidine 0.5 μ g/kg followed by intravenous infusion at 0.2-0.4 μ g/(kg·h) is suitable for sedation of elderly patients with cataract surgery.

Objective: To explore whether high epidural blockade(HEB) can lower the elevated serum free fatty acids(FFA) level in the patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Method:In 7 patients with AMI,HEB at T 15 was performed by injecting 5 to 7ml of 0.5%-0.75% lidocaine every 2 to 4 hours for 7 successive days;while the other 7 patients with AMI didn't use HEB as control. only morphine or dolantine was used for relieving angina cordis. Result: The elevated FFA level returned to normal range in 12 hours following HEB in the study group, but in one week in the control group. Conclusion:HEB(T1-5) can lower the elevated FFA level in AMI patients to normal within12 hours.

Objective:To explore influence of rehabilitation exercise on daily living capacity in aged patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) .Methods :A total of 60 aged CHF patients were randomly and equally divided into rou‐tine treatment group (received routine CHF treatment and nursingcare ) and rehabilitation exercise group (received rehabilitation exercise based on routine treatmentgroup ) .Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level ,left ventricular e‐jection fraction (LVEF) ,daily living capacity and 6min walking distance (6MWD) were measured and evaluated in both groups at hospitalization and six weeks after treatment .Results:After six‐month treatment ,BNP level signifi‐cantly reduced and LVEF significantly rose in both groups ,and there were significant rise in 6MWD and daily living score in rehabilitation exercise group ,P<0.05 or <0.01 ;compared with routine treatment group ,there was signif‐icant reduction in BNP level [ (525.3 ± 113.2) pg/ml vs .(252.2 ± 114.5) pg/ml] ,and significant rise in LVEF [ (43.46 ± 9.12)% vs .(47.24 ± 8.46)% ] ,6MWD [ (286.6 ± 46.2) mm vs .(582.5 ± 55.3) mm] and daily living score [ (65.12 ± 17.6) scores vs .(82 ± 14.8) scores] in rehabilitation exercise group , P<0.05 or <0.01. Conclu‐sion:Rehabilitation exercise can significantly improve heart function ,raise daily living capacity in aged patients with chronic heart disease .

Objective To screen for ?-glucosidase inhibitors from the extracts of marine invertebrates collected at the seashore of Qingdao China.Method The 95% ethanol extracts of 33 species of marine invertebrates were screened for the presence of ?-glucosidase inhibitors using rapid colorimetric method.Result Some extracts have inhibitory activity against ?-glucosidase,among which the extracts of Tubularia marina,Asterina pectinifera,Apostichopus japonicus and Scapharca subcrenata have much higher inhibitory rate: 56.1%,67.3%,62.2%,and 66.3% at the concentration of 0.6 mg?mL-1.Conclusion The results suggested that marine invertebrates are sources of new ?-glucosidase inhibitors.

Objective To study the role of adiponectin (ADP)post-conditioning in alleviating myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) in 3-week old rats.Methods SD rats (3-week old) were randomly divided into 4 groups by random digits table (n =6):sham group was processed identically except that the left anterior descending coronary artery(LAD) was not ligated;MIRI group was subjected to occlusion of the LAD followed by reperfusion,occlusion for 30 min and reperfusion for 120 min;ADP group was subjected to injection of ADP into femoral vein before reperfusion;LY294002 group (ADP post-conditioning and LY294002) was subjected to injection of ADP and LY294002 into femoral vein before reperfusion.The titer of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),cardiac troponin I(cTnl) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in plasma were observed.The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD)and MDA in myocardial tissue were observed.Results The levels of LDH,cTnI and MDA in plasma of MIRI group was (732.11 ± 111.29) IU/L,(38.05 ± 6.17) g/L and (4.49 ± 0.17) nmol/L,respectively,compared with sham group,the levels of LDH,cTnI and MDA in plasma of MIRI group increased obviously(all P ＜ 0.05);the levels of LDH,cTnI and MDA in plasma of ADP group were (581.72 ± 68.41) IU/L,(20.70 ± 5.43) g/L and (3.10 ± 0.20) nmol/L,respectively;compared with MIRI group,the levels of LDH,cTnⅠ and MDA in plasma of ADP group declined significantly (all P ＜0.05);the levels of LDH,cTnI and MDA in plasma of LY294002 group were (701.10 ±99.59) IU/L,(33.13 ± 4.32) g/L and (4.19 ± 0.46) nmol/L,compared with ADP group,the levels of LDH,cTnI and MDA in plasma of group LY294002 increased remarkably (t =2.477,1.804,2.961,all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with sham group,the SOD level decreased and the MDA level increased in myocardial tissue of MIRI group(all P ＜ 0.05);compared with MIRI group,the SOD level increased and the MDA level decreased in myocardial tissue of ADP group (all P ＜ 0.05);compared with ADP group,the SOD level decreased and the MDA level increased in myocardial tissue of LY294002 group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions ADP postconditioning is perhaps a protective factor for alleviating myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in 3-week-old rats,the protective effect is perherps related to alleviating the damage of the lipid peroxidation by signaling pathway of adiponectin/phosphoinositide-3 kinase/protein kinase B.

Visiting doctors' training is a main part of medical education in general hospital,but it has not gained full attention.Based on the features of visiting doctors and the department,a new teaching method-tutorial system was applied to enhance the responsibility of tutors and the sense of belongings of visiting doctors.Individual teaching method was used to enhance the overall quality of visiting doctors and to guarantee the safety of anesthesia treatment for patients.The tutorial system clarified and enhanced the relationship between tutors and visiting doctors and it would be a new teaching mode for the visiting doctors' education in the department of anesthesiology.