Objective To investigate the relationship between serum levels of surfactant protein( SP)-A,SP-C and lung function impairment in coal workers with pneumoconiosis(CWP) in order to provide evidence for the biomarker study of pneumoconiosis.Methods Thirty-two coal workers with pneumoconiosis snd 41 healthy controls were included in this study.Serum levels of SP-A and SP-C were measured.Grading assessment of dyspnea and pulmonary function including predicted percentages of FVC,FEV1,FEV/FVC,MVV,and DLCO were conducted.Results Among the 32 participants with CWP,the severity of dyspnea was rated as level Ⅲ for 14 and level Ⅳ for 18 individuals.The pulmonary function was significantly impaired in CWP patients with level Ⅳ dyspnea compared with the healthy controls (FEV1％ predicted:[69.38 ± 15.17 ]％ vs.[96.35 ±10.24 ] ％ ; MVV％ predicted:[ 65.89± 8.14 ] ％ vs.[ 94.13 ± 10.38 ] ％ ; DLCO％ predicted:[ 96.51 ±11.37 ] ％.The serum levels of SP-A and SP-C were significantly higher in CWP patients than that in the healthy controls (SP-A:[4.02 ± 1.22] μg/L vs.[2.41 ±0.68 ] μg/L,t =6.480,P =0.001 ;SP-C:[3.58 ±0.67 ] ng/L vs.[ 2.31 ± 0.29] ng/L,t =9.290,P ＜ 0.001 ).Serum SP-A and SP-C levels in CWP patients were found to be significantly correlated with exposure to dust,dyspnea severity,FEV1％ predicted and DLCO％ predicted.Conclusion Serum SP-A and SP-C levels in CWP patients are closely associated with lung function,suggesting their role as candidate biomarkers for CWP.

Objective:To explore the mediating role of mindfulness between professional identity and positive emotions among medical students.Methods:From February to April 2022, a total of 878 undergraduates from a medical school in Shandong Province were selected by cluster sampling method. The medical professional identity questionnaire, positive and negative affective scale, and mindful attention awareness scale were utilized for cross-sectional investigation. SPSS 22.0 software was used for descriptive and correlation analysis, and AMOS 25.0 software was used to test the mediating effect.Results:(1) The scores for medical students' professional identity, positive emotions, and mindfulness were 140.00 (125.00, 150.00), 30.00 (28.00, 35.00), and 52.00 (44.00, 63.00), respectively. The dimension scores of occupational cognition, occupational emotion, occupational commitment, occupational behavior, occupational expectation and occupational sense of value in the medical professional identity questionnaire were 23.00 (20.00, 25.00), 19.00 (16.00, 20.00), 19.00 (16.00, 21.00), 16.00 (13.00, 16.00), 32.00 (28.00, 36.00), and 31.00 (29.00, 34.00), respectively. (2) The total and dimension scores of professional identity, positive emotions, and mindfulness were significantly and positively correlated with each other( r=0.125-0.390, all P<0.001). (3) Mindfulness partially mediated the relationship between professional identity and positive emotions (effect size=0.02, 95% CI=0.01-0.04), and the mediating effect accounted for 4.76%(0.02/0.42) of the total effect. Conclusion:Professional identity can directly affect the positive emotions of medical students, and indirectly affect the positive emotions through the mediating role of mindfulness.

Objective To study changes in expression of claudin-11 and proteins related to mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, as well as the ultrastructure of the blood testis barrier(BTB), in male ICR mice exposed to decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209). Methods Fifty-two mice, 4 weeks of age, weighing 15-21 g, were provided with adaptive feeding for 1 week. Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, named control, low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups. The treated groups received BDE-209, by intragastric gavage, at doses, respectively, of 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg. Mice were sacrificed after 6 weeks and organs harvested on ice, weighed and stored at-80 °C. The ultrastructure of testicular tissues was examined by electron microscopy. Western blotting was used to detect proteins related to the MAPK pathway, including p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38), phosphorylated p38 (p-p38), extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) , phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) , c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK) and the BTB tight junction protein claudin-11. Analyze the difference between each groups. Results At sacrifice, the body weights in each treated group were compared with those in the control group weighing (41.14 ± 0.60) g. Compared with controls, body weights were significantly different (P<0.05) in the middle dose, at (39.97 ± 0.66) g and high dose, at (39.98± 0.55) g in control group. The coefficients of the testis were significantly lower (P<0.05) in each treated group than in controls, with values of (0.37±0.0)%, (0.31±0.05)% and (0.31±0.04)% for low- dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups, respectively. The epidymus coefficient values were also significantly lower than controls (P<0.05), with values of (0.16±0.06)%, (0.11±0.05)% and (0.07±0.03)%, respectively in the same three dose groups. Electron microscopy ultrastructure showed that, compared with the control group, the testes in the middle and high dose groups had closely connected fractures, cell edema and more vacuoles. Compared with in the control group, levels of p-p38 and p-JNK in testicular tissue were significantly increased (P<0.05). In the control group and in low-, medium- and high-dose groups, the p-p38/p38 ratios were 1.35±0.13, 3.46±0.10, 5.71±0.26 and 4.79±0.21, respectively. The corresponding p-JNK/JNK ratios were 2.07±0.0, 4.77±0.18, 3.63±0.06 and 4.85±0.15. Claudin-11 levels were significantly lower (P<0.05) than control values in each dosed group. The corresponding values in control, low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups were 8.33±0.36, 2.06±0.27, 3.37±0.27 and 1.55±0.19, respectively. Conclusion BDE-209 increased expression of proteins in the MAPK pathway and decreased expression of the BTB tight junction protein claudin-11 in testicular tissue. It also caused ultrastructural damage to the Sertoli cell BTB tight junctions.This suggested that BDE-209 might damage Sertolicells BTB through effects on the MAPK pathway.

Objective To study changes in expression of claudin-11 and proteins related to mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, as well as the ultrastructure of the blood testis barrier(BTB), in male ICR mice exposed to decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209). Methods Fifty-two mice, 4 weeks of age, weighing 15-21 g, were provided with adaptive feeding for 1 week. Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, named control, low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups. The treated groups received BDE-209, by intragastric gavage, at doses, respectively, of 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg. Mice were sacrificed after 6 weeks and organs harvested on ice, weighed and stored at-80 °C. The ultrastructure of testicular tissues was examined by electron microscopy. Western blotting was used to detect proteins related to the MAPK pathway, including p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38), phosphorylated p38 (p-p38), extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) , phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) , c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK) and the BTB tight junction protein claudin-11. Analyze the difference between each groups. Results At sacrifice, the body weights in each treated group were compared with those in the control group weighing (41.14 ± 0.60) g. Compared with controls, body weights were significantly different (P<0.05) in the middle dose, at (39.97 ± 0.66) g and high dose, at (39.98± 0.55) g in control group. The coefficients of the testis were significantly lower (P<0.05) in each treated group than in controls, with values of (0.37±0.0)%, (0.31±0.05)% and (0.31±0.04)% for low- dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups, respectively. The epidymus coefficient values were also significantly lower than controls (P<0.05), with values of (0.16±0.06)%, (0.11±0.05)% and (0.07±0.03)%, respectively in the same three dose groups. Electron microscopy ultrastructure showed that, compared with the control group, the testes in the middle and high dose groups had closely connected fractures, cell edema and more vacuoles. Compared with in the control group, levels of p-p38 and p-JNK in testicular tissue were significantly increased (P<0.05). In the control group and in low-, medium- and high-dose groups, the p-p38/p38 ratios were 1.35±0.13, 3.46±0.10, 5.71±0.26 and 4.79±0.21, respectively. The corresponding p-JNK/JNK ratios were 2.07±0.0, 4.77±0.18, 3.63±0.06 and 4.85±0.15. Claudin-11 levels were significantly lower (P<0.05) than control values in each dosed group. The corresponding values in control, low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups were 8.33±0.36, 2.06±0.27, 3.37±0.27 and 1.55±0.19, respectively. Conclusion BDE-209 increased expression of proteins in the MAPK pathway and decreased expression of the BTB tight junction protein claudin-11 in testicular tissue. It also caused ultrastructural damage to the Sertoli cell BTB tight junctions.This suggested that BDE-209 might damage Sertolicells BTB through effects on the MAPK pathway.