Background Several types of cells participate in the formation of proliferative membrane in proliferative retinopathy (PVR),and the proliferation,migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells play an important role.Many studies have confirmed high blood glucose is the basic pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR).However,whether EMT could be induced in RPE cells under the high glucose condition has not been reported.Objective This study was to investigate the effects of high glucose on the migration and EMT of RPE cells in high glucose culture model in vitro.Methods Human RPE cell line D407 were cultured and passaged in DMEM/F12 medium with 10％ fetal bovine serum,and 6-8 generations of cells were used in experiment.The cells were divided into 3 groups based on different glucose concentrations in medium.The glucose at the final concentration 5.5 mmol/L or 60.0 mmol/L was respectively used in the normal control group or high glucose group,and the DMEM with 5.5 mmol/L glucose and mannitol was used in the hypertonic control group.The migration rate of the cells were detected 0,24,48 and 72 hours after scratching by wound-scratch test.Real-time PCR was used to detect the relative expressions of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the cells.Results Cultured cells showed a polygon shape with the clear nucleolus and dense arrangement in the normal control group and the hypertonic control group,but the cells were larger and elongated with the lapse of culture time with the indistinct structure and loose arrangement.At 48 hours after scratching,migrating cells were seen in the scratching area,and the scratching area disappeared at 72 hours after scratching in the high glucose group,but the scratching area still was existed in the normal control group or hypertonic control group.The migrating rate of the cells was higher in the high glucose group than that in the normal control group or hypertonic control group,showing total differences among 3 groups and various time points (Fgroup =328.600,P =0.000 ; Ftime =773.270,P=0.000).Compared with the normal control group,the expression level of ZO-1 mRNA was significantly lower,and α-SMA mRNA level was higher 48 hours and 72 hours in the high glucose group than those in the normal control group (all at P＜0.05).Conclusions High glucose induce the migration and EMT of RPE cells in vitro,which may be associated with the pathogenesis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

AIM　To study the kinetic character of zinc transport and its influencing factors in osteoblasts, and scientific evidence is expected to provide to clarify the role of zinc on bone development. METHODS　65Zn tracing method was used to evaluate kinetic character of zinc transport. RESULTS　Increase of extracellular zinc level could enhance the influx of zinc, but when the osteoblast became zinc deficiency the influx of zinc decreased. The histidine, Na+、K+-ATPase enzyme inhibitor had no effect on zinc transport into the cell, but Ca2+ channel blocker could enhance the influx of zinc. CONCLUSION　The excellular level of zinc could influence zinc transport into osteoblasts, and Ca2+ channel could interact with Zn2+ transport.

Objective To identify the chemical structures for the components in the liposoluble portion of Achillea alpi-na L .by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) .Methods Achillea alpina L .was extracted with 95% alcohol and petroleum ether .The chemical compositions in the extract were analyzed with GC-MS .The structures were identified by comparing to the authentic samples and searching NIST 10 database .The relative content of each compound in the extract was calculated by area normalization method .Results Twenty-nine compounds were separated and identified ,which accounted for 82 .74% of petroleum ether extract .The major constituents were octamethylpicen-3-ol (33.16% ) ,Lup20(29)-en-3-ol ,acetate (3b) (10 .99% ) , n-Hexadecanoic acid (7 .98% ) , Stigmasterol (3 .68% ) , Octadecanoic acid (3 .55% ) , Friedelan-3-one (3 .51% ) .Conclusion This simple and accurate method can be used for the assay of liposoluble chemicals from Achillea alpi-na L .The results provide a foundation for pharmacological research and better use the resource of Achillea alpina L .

Objective: To explore the association of body fat mass and distribution indices including fat mass percentage (FMP), visceral fat area (VFA) and percentage of trunk fat mass (%TFM) with blood pressure in children to inform early management of blood pressure in children. Methods: Based on the Beijing Child Growth and Health Cohort in Shunyi District, lifestyle questionnaire survey, baseline and follow up physical examination were conducted among children from October to November 2018 and September 2020. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was used to measure the body composition, and 1 098 participants with completed data were finally included. Results: Both body fat indices and blood pressure increased with age in boys and girls. For FMP, VFA, and %TFM, no significant differences presented between sex at baseline, while FMP, VFA, and %TFM were significantly higher in boys than girls at follow up ( t=2.73, 3.76, 3.41, P <0.01). Before and after adjusting for age, height and lifestyles or not, linear mixed effect models showed longitudinal associations existing between body fat indices and blood pressure in both boys and girls ( β=0.64-3.48, P <0.05). The association coefficients of body fat indices with systolic blood pressure were ranked as %TFM>FMP>VFA in both boys and girls. The association coefficients of body fat indices with diastolic blood pressure were ranked sequentially as FMP>%TFM>VFA in boys, and VFA>FMP>%TFM in girls. Conclusion Longitudinal associations are observed between body fat indices and blood pressure in children. Primordial prevention of high pressure should pay attention on body fat distribution.