Objective To investigate the feasibility of the gene therapy on angiogenesis after myocardial infarction in rats.Methods Thirty-six male SD rats,after the ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery,were divided into 2 groups as experimental and control one.Expressions of VEGF were measured by RT-PCR and Immunohistochemistry(IHC).Angiogenesis and capillary density were evaluated by HE stain,and qualitative and quantitative analysis were carried out.The adverse effects were tested after injection of pVEGF165-PLGA nanoparticle.Results Compared with control groups,ischemic myocardial cells persistently and stably expressed VEGF in experimental group;Vascular endothelial cells actively proliferated,and the effect of angiogenesis was significant;48 hours later,nanoparticles were observed in myocardial cells.Conclusion Injection of with pVEGF165-PLGA nanoparticle,it can stimulate effective host-derived angiogenesis,which results in the prevention of impaired cardiac muscle after myocardial infarction.It may be an effect way to treat MI.