Objective To observe the effect of the electroacupuncture ( EA) on the expression of cyclin-de-pendent kinase 5 ( Cdk5 ) in rats with muscle contusion and to explore its mechanism. Methods Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal group of 4, a model group of 4, a natural recovery group ( NR) of 12 and an EA group of 12. All except those in the normal group had acute skeletal muscle contusion induced through a heavy blow. The EA group was treated with 15 minutes of EA daily beginning 48 h after the injury while the other rats received no EA. The model group was sacrificed 24 h after modeling, and rats from the NR and EA groups were sacrificed on the 7th, 14th and 21st day after the modeling to collect tissues. Hematoxylin eosin ( HE) staining, Western blotting and quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR were used to observe any histological changes, as well as Cdk5 protein and mRNA expression. Results The HE staining showed that the other 3 groups displayed larger a-mounts of muscle fiber fracture, dissolution and inflammatory cell invasion than was observed in the normal group. Compared with the NR group, quicker recovery was seen in the EA group as evidenced by faster muscle satellite cell proliferation and more new muscle fiber generation. The average Cdk5 protein expression in both the NR and EA groups was higher than in the normal group, and that of the EA group was significantly lower than that of the NR group. Conclusions Muscle contusion can increase Cdk5 expression in skeletal muscles, at least in rats. EA can promote the restoration of skeletal muscle function, probably by inhibiting CDK5 protein and mRNA expression.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of plasma exchange (PE) combined with intensive insulin glycemic control on related indexes of patients with HLP.METHODS:A total of 120 HLP patients were randomly divided into control group (60 cases) and observation group (60 cases).Based on routine treatment,2 groups were given PE treatment for 3 times+Low molecular weight heparin calcium for injection 5 000 U subcutaneously+Methylprednisolone sodium succinate for injection 40 mg intravenously+Calcium gluconate injection 2 g intravenously.Based on it,Insulin injection was pumped to random blood glucose ＜12 mmol/L with a micro-infusion pump in control group when random blood glucose concentration was equal to or more than 12 mmol/ L.When random blood glucose of patients in observation group were higher than 8.3 mmol/L,Insulin injection was pumped with a micro-infusion pump for a week and random blood glucose concentration was maintained at 6.1-8.3 mmol/L.Plasma levels of triglyceride,PCT,WBC count,APACHE Ⅱ score,Balthazar CT score,length of hospitalization stay in ICU and the occurrence of ADR were observed in 2 groups before and after treatment.RESULTS:After treatment,plasma levels of triglyceride,amylase and PCT,WBC count,APACHE Ⅱ score and Balthazar CT score in 2 groups were significantly lower than before treatment,and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).Length of hospitalization stay in ICU observation group was significantly shorter than control group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P＞0.05).CONCLUSIONS:PE combined with intensive insulin glycemic control can effectively reduce the level of plasma triglyceride,relieve inflammatory reaction and improve prognosis without increasing the occurrence of ADR.

Objective: To analyze the current nutritional composition of commonly consumed prepackaged foods among children in Chengdu and to provide a scientific basis for health education among children and adolescents. Methods: Based on the 3 day and 24 hour dietary data of children aged 6-12 in Chengdu of the Southwest China Childhood Nutrition and Growth Cohort from 2021 to 2022, the nutritional information of prepackaged foods was collected by combining offline and online methods. All foods were classified step by step, and the nutrient content of each 100 g or 100 mL food was counted and graded. Results: A total of 1 902 children s prepackaged foods in 23 sub categories of 10 major categories were investigated. Nuts and seeds, snack foods, instant foods and other dairy products had higher total energy(2 476, 2 027, 1 728, 1 816 kJ/100 g), with the nutrient reference value percentage(NRV%) exceeding 20%. Fish, poultry, meat, eggs and their products had the highest protein content(22.8 g/ 100 g ) with an NRV% of 38%, nuts and seeds had the highest fat content(47.5 g/100 g) with an NRV% of 79%, confectionery and jelly had the highest carbohydrate content(82.1 g/100 g) with an NRV% of 27%, and seasoning flour products had the highest sodium content with an NRV% up to 118%. Seasoning flour products and instant foods were mostly high sodium, high fat and high carbohydrate food. Baked and puffed foods were almost high fat and high carbohydrate. Fish, poultry, meat, eggs, beans and their products were rich in protein but mostly high in sodium. Beverages and cold drinks were low in other nutrients except carbohydrate. Conclusion The nutrient content of various prepackaged foods commonly consumed by children in Chengdu are quite different. Most of the foods consumed by children are high sodium, high fat and/or high carbohydrate. Nutrition education should be strengthened to help children choose healthy foods.

Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) is a kind of RNA longer than 200nt, whose abnormal expression plays a significant role in the development of tumors. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcription 1 (MALAT1), as one of LncRNAs, is closely related to the pathogenesis of breast cancer. MALAT1 can affect the tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer and is expected to be an effective target for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Herein, we review the research status of MALAT1 in breast cancer.

BACKGROUND:Many clinical research observations have indicated a close association between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis as well as bone mineral density(BMD).However,it remains unclear whether there is a causal genetic relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and the development of osteoporosis and alterations of BMD. OBJECTIVE:To assess the potential causal relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis as well as BMD using a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach,provide meaningful insights from a genetic perspective into the underlying mechanisms and offer a reference for early prevention of osteoporosis and improvement in the progression of the disease. METHODS:We conducted a study using data from publicly available genome-wide association studies databases to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with rheumatoid arthritis as instrumental variables(P＜5×10-8).The main outcomes of the study included osteoporosis and BMD at five different sites,including total body BMD,lumbar spine BMD,femoral neck BMD,heel BMD,and forearm BMD.The inverse variance-weighted method was used as the primary analysis method to evaluate causal effects.Weighted median,simple median,weighted mode and MR-Egger regression were used as supplementary analyses.Causal relationships between rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of osteoporosis and BMD were assessed using odds ratios(OR)and 95%confidence intervals(CI).Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test and horizontal pleiotropy was evaluated using MR-Egger intercept tests. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The inverse variance-weighted analysis demonstrated a positive association between genetically predicted rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis(OR=1.123,95%CI:1.077-1.171;P=4.02×10-8).Heterogeneity test(P=0.388)indicated no significant heterogeneity among the single nucleotide polymorphisms.MR-Egger intercept(P=0.571)tests did not detect horizontal pleiotropy,and sensitivity analysis showed no evidence of bias in the study results.There was no causal relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and BMD at the five different sites.The total body BMD(OR=1.000,95%CI:0.988-1.012;P=0.925),lumbar spine BMD(OR=0.999,95%CI:0.982-1.016;P=0.937),femoral neck BMD(OR=1.001,95%CI:0.986-1.016;P=0.866),heel BMD(OR=0.996,95%CI:0.989-1.004;P=0.419),and forearm BMD(OR=1.063,95%CI:0.970-1.031;P=0.996)indicated no significant association.MR-Egger intercept analysis did not detect potential horizontal pleiotropy(total body BMD:P=0.253;lumbar spine BMD:P=0.638;femoral neck BMD:P=0.553;heel BMD:P=0.444;forearm BMD:P=0.079).Rheumatoid arthritis may contribute to the development of osteoporosis through the interaction between chronic inflammation and bone formation,resorption,and absorption.Additionally,the use of glucocorticoids and the presence of autoantibodies(such as anti-citrullinated protein antibody)in patients with rheumatoid arthritis showed associations with osteoporosis.Future research should focus on monitoring systemic inflammatory markers,standardized use of glucocorticoids,and regular screening for osteoporosis risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective To observe effects and mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) on denervated skeletal muscle atrophy. Methods Forty-nine male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group (group A, n=7), natural recovery group (group B, n=21) and EA group (group C, n=21). The groups B and C, established the model of denervated skeletal muscle atrophy by transecting the sciatic nerve of rats, were divided into subgroups of 7 days, 14 days, 21 days postoperation, seven in each subgroup. Electroacupuncture was given to the group C at Zusanli (ST36) and Chengshan (BL57) once a day since 24 hours after modeling. The muscle wet weight ratio of the affected gastrocnemius was determined. Cross-sectional area and fiber diameter of the gastrocnemius were measured with HE staining. The expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), Myostatin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein and gene in the gastrocnemius were detected with Western blotting and RT-PCR. Results The wet weight ratio, cross-sectional area and fiber diameter were less in the groups B and C than in the group A (P<0.001), and they were more in the group C than in the group B (P<0.001). Compared with the group B, the protein and gene of IGF-1, PCNA increased in the group C (P<0.05), while the Myostatin decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture can increase the expression of IGF-1 and decrease the expression of Myostatin, to promote the proliferation of satellite cell, which may relate with the prevention of denervated skeletal muscle atrophy.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of paeoniflorin(PF) on cardiac dysfunction and myocardial cell injury induced by cisplatin(CDDP) in rats. METHODS SD male rats were randomly divided into control group, CPPD group, and CDDP PF+low-dose, high-dose group. PowerLab multifunctional recorder was used to detect the related indexes of cardiac function: the changes of left ventricular peak pressure(LVSP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP) and left ventricular pressure change rate(±dp/dt). Serum levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were measured in each group. Myocardial tissue was stained to observe the changes of tissue structure. H9c2 cardiomyocytes were divided into control group, CDDP group, PF group and CDDP+PF group. The activity of H9c2 cardiomyocytes was measured by CCK-8. The apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in each group was detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of MAPK signaling pathway related proteins p38, ERK, JNK and their phosphorylated proteins and apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, Casp3, Cl-casp3 were detected in cardiomyocytes by Western blotting. RESULTS Compared with the control group, LVSP and ±dp/dt decreased, LVEDP increased in rats of CDDP group(P<0.01). Compared with CDDP group, both CDDP+low-dose and high-dose PF pretreatment increased LVSP and ±dp/dt value(P<0.05 or P<0.01), decreased LVEDP(P<0.01), and could decrease the serum inflammatory factor TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6(P<0.01). Cell level results showed that compared with control group, in CDDP group, the cell activity decreased, the apoptosis-related protein Bax, Cl-casp3 increased(P<0.01), expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 decreased(P<0.01), and the expression of p38 and ERK phosphorylation also increased(P<0.01). Compared with CDDP group, PF could restore cell activit, down-regulate apoptosis-related protein Bax, Cl-casp3(P<0.05 or P<0.01), and increase anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 expression(P<0.01), inhibit MAPK pathway p38 and ERK phosphorylation expression(P<0.01). CONCLUSION PF can restore cardiac dysfunction and myocardial cell injury induced by cisplatin in rats, which may be related to inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis by regulating ERK/p38 MAPK signal expression.