Objective It has been known that cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) acts as a tumor promoter in rodent models for colorectal cancer, but its precise role in the processes of carcinogenesis remains unclear. The study was designed to observe the relationship between expression of COX and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the mouse embryo fibroblast (MEF) with knock out of COX-1 gene (COX-1 -/- ) or COX-2 gene (COX-2 -/- ) and wild MEF cells (COX-1 +/+ /COX-2 +/+ ). Methods We cultured the mouse embryo fibroblasts, measured the VEGF levels in the culture medium of these cells using ELISA, and extracted mRNA from these cells to identify the expressions of VEGF isoforms by RT-PCR. Results VEGF level could hardly be measured in the COX 2-deficient cells (COX-2 -/- ), however, the VEGF level was significantly increased in the cells with COX-2 gene (COX-2 +/+ ) and decreased by celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor. The level of VEGF was not associated with COX-1 expression. COX-2 inhibited the expressions of three isoforms of VEGF at mRNA level. Conclusions COX-2 plays an important role in the VEGF secretion and synthesis and therefore, it has an effect on the angiogenesis and tumor growth.

Based on the records of ancient medical books, this article analyzed the etiology and pathogenesis of primary bile reflux gastritis. Combined with the clinical diagnosis and treatment experience and thinking, this article explained from various aspects of the principle, method, formula, and medicine, and divided the treatment into three steps, with a purpose to provide references for clinical treatment.

Professor Liu Shenlin is one of the famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) oncologists. Through his own experience in clinical practice , Prof . Liu has put forward the theory that the onset of gastric cancer is based on spleen deficiency , and presented with cancerous toxin , namely the theory of spleen-deficiency and toxin-accumulation. In addition , he had conducted clinical as well as basic research on this theory , which had received great progress. This article was aimed to conclude and explore the theory postulated by Prof. Liu in order to improve the clinical effects of TCM treatment in gastric cancer .

Objective To explore the effects and mechanism of atrovastatin on the expression of the NF-κB in renal tissues of diabetic rats.Methods A total of 60 male SD rats was randomly taken out 40 rats to make diabetic model by injection of 65mg streptozotoein (STZ) into enterocoelia,the rest of 20 rats were normal control group.After the model made,atrovastatin (2 mg/kg/d) was given to the treated group,and the normal control group and diabetic rats without treatment group were given equivalent water.After 12 weeks,the rats were killed.Total RNA of the renal tissues was isolated from one kidney for each rat,and the renal tissues from the another kidney was prepared for immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis.The NF-κB mRNA expressions among three groups were determined by RT-PCR.The distribution of NF-κB in the renal tissues was observed,and compared its difference among three groups.ResultsPCR showed that NF-κB mRNA was increased in the renal tissues of diabetic rats compared to control rats ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Drug-treated rats showed significantly decreased levels of NF-κB mRNA in the renal tissues compared to the untreated diabetic group( P ＜0.05).The results were also observed in protein lelel of NF-κB expression.IHC showed that there existed positive cells in the glomerular and renal tubulointerstitum.Conclusions Atrovastatin can down-regulate the expression of NF-κB and suppress the increased level of NF-κB protein in the renal tissue of diabetic rats,and slow the progress of retinopathy.

BACKGROUND:Although drug treatment.physics-behavior therapy,and postoperative therapy have been commonly used to treat stress urinary incontinence(SUI),there is still no satisfactory treatment at present.OBJECTlVE:To build a stable animal model simulating stress urinary incontinence(SUI)by bilateral transaction of pudendal nerve and nerves innervating pelvic floor muscles,including iliococcygeous muscle and pubococcygeous muscle.METHODS:A total of 18 6-week-old female SD rats weighing(1 99.44±8.41)g were randomly divided into 3 groups:normal,model,and sham-surgery groups,with 6 rats in each group.Rats in the model group underwent bilateral transaction of pudendal nerves and nerves innervating iliococcygeous/pubococcygeous muscles,while rats in the sham-surgery group had same procedures except nerve transaction.The normal group did not undergo any operation.Each rat was subjected to measure leak point pressure(LPP)at 2 weeks after the operation.After the measurement of LPP,cross sections of connection area of bladder and urethra were sent to histology.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:One rat in the sham-surgery group died at 1 week after the operation.The LPP of model group decreased significantly by approximately 33%compared with the normal group(P＜0 05):however,there was no significant difference in LPP between sham-surgery and normal groups(P＞0.05).The results of histology showed loosely arrangement and atrophy of urethral sttriated muscle fibers in rats of the model group.Bilateral transaction of pudendal nerves and nerves innervating to iliococcygeous/pubococcygeous muscles resulted in SUI in rats stably.

To explore the relationship between maternal insulin levels and fetal insulin resistance.Maternal blood and venous cord blood samples were collected in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mothers and control subjects.The glucose and insulin levels were measured and insulin resistance levels estimated.Maternal levels of insulin and homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMAIR) were significantly higher in the GDM group than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05) ; fetal levels of insulin and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in the GDM group than in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Maternal insulin level positively correlated with fetal insulin (r =0.326,P ＜ 0.05) and HOMA-IR levels (r =0.378,P ＜0.05).In this study,a higher level of fetal insulin resistance was reported in the GDM group.And maternal hyperinsulinemia might affect fetal insulin resistance in pregnant women with GDM.

A total of 166 women with intrahepatic cholestasis in pregnancy (ICP) participated in the study. Serum levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine 4 (FT4) and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) were quantified for all of them with electrochemiluminescence (ECL) technique, and compared with those in normal pregnant women. Results showed that serum TSH and TPOAb [22. 9%(38/166)] increased significantly, but no significant change in serum level of FT4 was observed in women with ICP, as compared to those in normal pregnant women. Overall prevalence of thyroid diseases in ICP women was 35.5% (59/166), significantly higher than that in normal population screened for thyroid disease (17. 1%, 143/837) at the same time period. It suggests that thyroid dysfunction may be involved in pathogenesis of ICP.

Objective To assess lipid status of pregnant women with GDM based on the lipid reference intervals for pregnant women .Methods Maternal blood and venous cord blood samples were collected in 81 well-controlled GDM mothers and 86 control subjects .The total cholesterol (CHOL) ,trigalloyl glycerol (TRIG) ,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) ,low-density lipo-protein cholesterol (LDL) ,apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA) ,apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and lipoprotein (a) levels were measured by auto-matic biochemical analyzer .We used a normal pregnancy specific lipid reference interval (PSR) and normal non-pregnant reference intervals (NPR) respectively to assess the lipid status of pregnant women with GDM .Results Compared with normal control group ,the Apo A ,HDL and LDL levels in GDM group were significantly lower (P<0 .05) .The HDL ,LDL and Lp(a) levels of GDM cord blood were significantly lower (P<0 .05) .The weight of offspring birth of GDM pregnant women with low level HDL was significantly higher (P<0 .05) ,and that of GDM pregnant women with high level LDL offspring birth weight was significantly lower (P<0 .05) .Maternal HDL was not correlated with birth weight (r= -0 .190 ,P=0 .103) .Parent LDH and birth weight was negatively correlated (r= -0 .252 ,P=0 .029) .Conclusion The reference range of normal pregnancy-specific lipid we had estab-lished is more scientific for assessment of blood lipids .

Objective To explore the value of MRI histogram analysis in the risk assessment of medulloblastoma recur rence.Methods The data of 28 patients pathologically confirmed of medulloblastoma was analyzed retrospectively.All patients were divided into recurrent group and the non recurrent group (each n=14).The ROIs were drawn on the maximum level of enhanced MR sagittal images,and the histogram analysis were performed using the software named Mazda.The statistical analysis was performed on the histogram parameters to find out the different characteristics between the two groups,and the ROC curve was drawn to evaluate its diagnostic efficacy for recurrence of medulloblastoma.Results In all of the 9 parameters which are extracted from histogram,kurtosis had statistical significance between the 2 groups (P=0.018).The area under the ROC curve was 0.776 (P=0.018),and the sensitivity and specificity of kurtosis in the risk assessment of medulloblastoma recurrence were 64.3％ and 71.4％,respectively.Conclusion MRI histogram analysis can be an important method to assess the risk of medulloblastoma recurrence.