Objective To explore how to elevate the efficiency of fetal heart screening.Methods Volume data of 83 normal fetuses ranging between 20 to 24 gestational weeks were acquired by spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) with the apical four-chamber view(4CV).Tomographic ultrasound imaging (TUI) was then used to present the different views of fetal hearts,and were compared with those aquired by 2-dimensional (2D) ultrasound.Results All the 83 volume datasets were obtained by STIC.(1) Qualification ratio of short axis view of the aorta (SAV) by TUI was higher than that of 2D (94.0％ vs 84.3％,x2 =5.57,P=0.042).While,in the other 8 planes,the qualification ration by STIC were higher than that of 2D,however no significant difference was found (P＞0.05).(2) In 4CV,5-chamber view (5CV),left ventricular outflow tract view (LVOT),right ventricular outflow tract view (RVOT) and SAV,STIC showed excellent consistency with 2D (Kappa =0.79,0.90,0.92,0.93 and 0.77,respectively).And in long axis view of the aortic arch (LAV-AoA),long axis view of the duct (LAV-DA),superior and inferior vena cava (SVC+IVC) and short axis view of the ventricle (SVV),STIC showed good agreement with 2D (Kappa=0.72,0.67,0.74 and 0.70,respectively).(3) Image collecting time of T2D,TSTIC,TTUI and TSTIC+TUI were (5.80±1.58) min,(0.85±0.18) min,(2.57±1.32) min and (3.29±1.13) min,respectively.There were significant difference between TSTIC and T2D(t=3.500,P=0.000) and between TSTIC+TUI and TTUI (t=2.877,P=0.001).Conclusion The technique of STIC-TUI used in this study can display the standard planes of fetal heart conveniently,clearly and in shorter time.It is helpful for improving the quality and efficiency of fetal heart screening.

Objective To investigate clinical significance of counting follicles classification by three-dimensional imaging with sonography based automated volume calculation(SonoAVC)in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods Eighty cases with PCOS were counted classified follicles and determined ovarian volume by three-dimensional(3D)imaging with SonoAVC method matched with 60 infertile women with fallopian tube or male factors as control.Main clinical.biological and other ultrasonographic markers were assessed during the early follicular phase,and the relationship between the follicle number range per ovary or the volume per ovary and the major hormonal features of PCOS was studied.Results Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging with SonoAVC methed provides a new path for objective quantitative assessment of follicle count.ovarian volume,total follicle numbers.The volume of (11 ±8)ml,total numbers of 27 ±14 follicle and number of22 ±19 follicle with diameter of≥2-＜6 mm in PCOS patients were significantly higher than(6 ±4)ml in ovarian volume.6 ±4 in total follicles and 2 ±3 in follicle with diameter of≥2-＜6 mm in controls(P＜0.05).while follicles were similar for the≥6-≤9mm range(P＞0.05).Total follicle numbers and follicles≥2-＜6 mm had significantly positive relationships with ovarian volume ( r= 0. 600, 0. 618, P＜0. 01 ) and level of testosterones ( r= 0. 364,0. 291, P＜0.05), follicles ≥2-＜6 mm also had significantly positive relationships with total follicle number (r=0. 916,P＜0. 01 ). The follicles within the ≥6 - ≤9 mm range was significantly and negatively related to ovarian volume and total follicle numbers ( r = - 0. 618, - 0. 263, all P = 0. 001 ), but no significantly related to the major hormonal features of PCOS. The ovarian volume was significantly positively related with luteinizing hormone ( LH)/follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio ( r= 0. 282, P = 0. 010)but negatively related to FSH level (r = - 0. 226, P = 0. 042). Conclusions Ovarian volume, total follicle numbers and follicles ≥2 - ＜6 mm in PCOS patients were significantly higher than those in controls. The larger ovarian volume might produce more total follicle and follicles ≥ 2 - ＜6 mm. The higher level of testosterone might produce more total follicle probably, which mainly result in more follicles ≥2 -＜6 mm.These morphologically ultrasonographic characteristics could reflect pathophysiological changes in PCOS. Obviously, it has important clinical significance to count follicles in patients with PCOS by the threedimensional ultrasound imaging with SonoAVC method.

Objective To investigate the natural infection of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) in mice,and to survey the distribution of virus in tissues and the changes of serum antibody in the experimentally TMEV-infected mice.Methods Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay were used to detect the antibody and nucleic acid of TMEV in clinical samples.These samples included SPF mice collected from Guangdong area in 2010-2015,mice obtained from a non-barrier laboratory rodent colony,and wild Rattus norvegicus live-trapped around the non-barrier laboratory rodent colony.36 ICR mice were intracerebrally inoculated with TMEV BeAn strain.The clinical signs of the animals were observed daily post-inoculation.Three mice were euthanatized at day 0,3,7,10,17,21,31,39 and 46 post-inoculation (dpi),respectively.Tissue and serum samples were collected for TMEV detection.Results The TMEV antibody and nucleic acid positive rates of SPF mice collected from Guangdong area in 2010-2015 were 5.29％ (n=2834) and 27.27％ (n=457),respectively.The TMEV antibody and nucleic acid positive rates of the mice obtained from a non-barrier laboratory rodent colony were 71.95％ (n=82) and 53.66％ (n=82),respectively.The TMEV nucleic acid positive rate of wild Rattus norvegicus was 25.93％ (n=27).In the TMEV positive mice,only two mice showed obvious clinical symptoms.The cecal contents,feces and brain samples were the best candidates for qRT-PCR assay.The viral nucleic acid could be detected in the brain,heart,liver,lung and stomach of ICR mice at 3 dpi,but no viral nucleic acid was detected in the spleen,kidney,and cecum.The viruses in liver,heart,lungs and stomach were completely cleared at 10 dpi,and the viruses persisted in the brain throughout the experiment.The TMEV antibody could be detected at 7 dpi,and then the antibody positive rate reached 100％ at 17 dpi.The antibody level increased gradually and maintained up to 46 days.ICR mice showed latent infection after TMEV inoculation,with no obvious symptoms and eye pathological changes.Conclusions The experimental mice and wild Rattus norvegicus in Guangdong area are both infected with TMEV,and the infection rate is high.The mice inoculated with TMEV BeAn strain show latent infection.The TMEV antibody produced in mice can be detected at 7 dpi and persisted until the end of the experiment.The viruses are found in the liver,heart,lung and stomach for a short time,but are persisted in the brain for a long time.There is a good consistency of TMEV detection between qRT-PCR and ELISA.The qRT-PCR assay can be used as a powerful complement method for the national standard of laboratory animals.