OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of penehyclidine on the level of cytokines in infants with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB).METHODS:A total of 60 children with congenital heart disease(CHD)were divided into three groups:Group P1(intramuscularly injected with penehyclidine before operation),Group P2(intramuscularly injected with penehyclidine before and after operation),and Group C(intramuscularly injected with atropine before operation).The levels of cytokine were determined at different time.Postoperative salivary secretion and X-ray of chest were observed.RESULTS:After CPB,the levels of the inflammatory cytokine in all the three groups were significantly higher,with those in Group P1 and P2 significantly lower than in Group C(P