Spasticity often results in motor dysfunction, lowering individual abilities of daily living, and limitation of social particitation of the patients, prolonging function recovery, deteriorating quality of life. Drug is helpful to improve spasiticity and reduce complications. But there are some adverse effects in cognition function. Individual medication should be recommended as proposal.

Caveolae is a specified micro-domain of plasma membrane, which consists of caveolin and many lipid molecules and membrane proteins. Caveolae plays important roles in internalization of extra-membrane molecules, transmembrane signal transdution and transport of cholesterin. Recent studies indicated that caveolae and its components were up-regulated in multidrug resistant tumor cells and might participate the development of multidrug resistance of tumor cells. This paper concentrated on the role of caveolae in tumor multidrug resistance.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of tolterodine tartrate in treating patients with early overactive bladder(OAB) symptoms after transurethral resection prostate (TURP).Methods Thirty-one patients who received TURP and were found OAB at recent follow-up were enrolled and divided by random digits table method into study group ( 16 cases) and control group ( 15 cases).The patients in study group were treated with 2 mg tolterodine tartrate twice a day for four weeks,while the changes of OAB in control group were observed.The OAB symptoms score (OABSS),maximum flow rate(Qmax),24 h urination and adverse reactions during the period of medication of two groups before and after treatment were recorded and observed.Results The second evaluation,all the indexes except Qmax in study group improved significantly compared with those of the first evaluation in study group and control group the second evaluation.The indexes included urination times[(6.8 ± 1.0) times vs.( 12.5 ± 1.5) times,(11.8 ± 1.2)times],urgency times[(1.4 ± 1.1) times vs.(4.1 ±2.2) times,(4.1 ±2.3) times],urine volume [(214 ±36) ml vs.( 177 ± 46) ml,( 178 ± 44) ml ],nocturia times [ ( 1.9 ± 0.7) times vs.(2.9 ± 1.3 ) times,(2.8 ±1.4) times ],urge incontinence times [ (0.6 ± 0.5 ) times vs.( 1.6 ± 1.0) times,( 1.5 ± 1.0) times ].OABSS in study group the second evaluation was significantly lower than that in the first evaluation in study group and the second evaluation in control group [ (3.6 ± 1.8 ) scores vs.( 7.6 ± 3.3 ) scores,(7.4 ± 3.2) scores,P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05 ].There was no statistical significance in all the indexes in control group between the first evaluation and the second evaluation (P ＞ 0.05).There were 2 cases with adverse reactions which performed as dry mouth which could be tolerant.ConclusionTolterodine tartrate is efficient and safe in treating patients with early OAB symptoms after TURP.

Literature review, field survey and data analysis were called into play in this paper for systematic analysis of the basic models and performance of government health spending in China. The paper covered features and problems in China's health spendings and analyzed the growth rate and performance appraisal of such spendings. Recommendations for improved government health spendings include such six aspects as forming a consensus for building a new concept on government spendings, building a stable and sustainable health input mechanism for public finance, expanding government health financing capacity for assured health spendings, building a mechanism of balanced interests in health reform, intensifying health governance and government accountability mechanism, as well as reinforcing the supervision and assessment of government health spending.

0.05). But the CaO2-CjO2 and jugular vein Glu level at D in group I were significantly lower than those at D in group C. In group C CaO2-CjO2 and jugular vein glutamate level at D were significantly higher than those at B (P

Buprenorphine,one kind of new drugs,is abused in recent years.In this review,some determination and extraction methods for buprenorphine are introduced.The relative merits of liquid-liquid extraction,solid phase extraction,hydrolysis and derivatization methods are compared.The analytical methods such as TLC,GC,GC/MS and LC,LC/MS are discussed.

Objective To verify the performance of three kinds of ischemia‐modified albumin(IMA) reagents .Methods The performance of three IMA reagents(labeled as reagent A ,B ,C) using colorimetric method from Shanghai Aikang Biotechnology Co .,Ltd .,Zhejiang Kuake Bioscience Technology Co .ltd .and Beijing Jiuqiang Biotechnology Co .,Ltd .were assessed by using O‐lympus AU5800 automatic biochemistry analyzer .According to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory(NCCLS) EP6‐A , EP15‐A and EP7‐A documents and WS/T 420‐2013 verificationof analytical performance of quantitative kits by clinical labo‐ratory ,the precision ,linearity range ,accuracy and anti‐interference capability were assessed .Results The within‐run coefficient of variations(CVs) of reagent A ,B and C were 0 .59% -0 .82% ,0 .27% -0 .54% and 0 .62% -0 .69% respectively .The between‐run CVs of reagent A ,B and C were 0 .98% -1 .74% ,0 .99% -1 .01% and 0 .71% -0 .78% ,respectively ,which were lower than decla‐rations of these reagent kits .The linearity range of reagent A ,B and C were 11 -142 U/mL(r2 = 0 .993) ,10 -120 U/mL(r2 =0 .996) ,14-123 U/mL(r2 =0 .992) respectively ,which showed good linearities .About interference tests ,no remarkable interfer‐ences(all Bias were less than ± 10% ) of reagent A ,B and C were detected when Vitamin C≤10 mg/dL ,hemoglobin≤200 mg/dL , bilirubin≤40 mg/dL and triglyceride≤500 mg/dL .Conclusion The three IMA reagents show high precision ,which could meet clinical requirements ,nevertheless ,differences of anti‐interference capabilities are observed in these three reagents .

Objective To validate the analytical performance of four LP(a)reagents with Immunoturbidimetry method used on the automatic biochemistry analyzer for preliminary clinical application.Methods The performance of four LP(a)reagents (labeled as A,B,C,D)with method from RANDOX,Zhejiang Kuake Co.,Beijing Leadman Co.and Beijing Jiuqiang Co.on Olympus AU5800 automatic biochemistry analyzer were assessed.The precision,linearity range,accuracy,disturbance (vita-min C,bilirubin,hemoglobin,TG)were assessed.Results The within-run CVs of the four reagents (A,B,C and D)were 0.64%~1.18%,3.59%~4.75%,1.33%~3.05% and 1.43%~2.01% respectively.The between-run CVs in A,B,C and D were 1.04%~1.7%,3.81%~4.93%,2.16%~4.76% and 2.33%~3.21% respectively,lower than the stated.The lin-earity range was 82~923 mg/L (r2 =0.997),130~935 mg/L (r 2 =0.996 4),120~1025 mg/L (r 2 =0.992 1)and 117~943 mg/L (r2 =0.999 5)in the four reagents,which demonstrated a sound linear correlation.For interference tests,no re-markable interferences (<±10%)of reagent A and reagent D were detected when Vitamin C≤10 mg/dl,hemoglobin≤200 mg/dl,bilirubin≤40 mg/dl and TG≤500 mg/dl.Interference of reagent B was found when VC≥5 mg/dl,TG≥250 mg/dl and when TG≥250 mg/dl reagent C was interfered significantly.The four LP(a)reagents were used to detect the lipid con-trol,and the deviations of the target value were - 8.07%,1.34%,- 8.05% and 7.38% respectively.Conclusion When used in automatic biochemical analyzer,the four LP(a)reagents showed high precision.The four reagents are all able to meet clinical test requirements,nevertheless,anti-interference capability were different.