Objective To investigate the clinical effect of radiofrequency ablation (RF) combined with digital subtraction angiography (DSA)-guided percutaneous ethanol injection sclerotherapy in the management of high-return flow venous malformation (VM).Methods Forty-one patients,who were diagnosed as high-return flow VM with clinical and radiographic evidence,were divided into the observation group (n=19) and the control group (n=22) using a random number table.All high-return flow VM patients received DSA-guided percutaneous ethanol injection sclerotherapy while the patients in observation group were given radiofrequency ablation.The clinical effect,treatment times and adverse effect of the two groups were analyzed.Results The effectiveness of the observation group was significantly higher than those of the control group [94.7％ (18/19) vs 81.8％ (18/22)].The facial paralysis occurred in three patients (13.6％) after ethanol injection in the control group,while the observation group had no facial nerve injury after treatment.The patients in observation group had significantly fewer numbers of ethanol injection.Conclusions RF can improve the efficacy of high-return flow VM and reduce the number of ethanol injection.The scheme is safe and effective.

Objective: To investigate the changes of gastric mucosal mast cells in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) after Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection, and to explore the correlation between the changes and dyspeptic symptoms. Methods: From November 2012 to March 2014, 32 patients with FD and 16 asymptomatic patients (control group) from Beijing Jishuitan Hospital were enrolled. H. pylori infection situation was examined. The mucosal biopsies from gastric antrum and gastric body were taken for histological examination. The mast cells of gastric mucosa were detected by immunohistochemical stain. T test was performed for statistical analysis. Results: Among 32 FD patients, 17 had H. pylori infection (one with gastric body involved, two with gastric antrum involved, 14 with both gastric antrum and gastric body involved), and 15 had no H. pylori infection. Among 16 asymptomatic patients, 12 had H. pylori infection and four had no H. pylori infection. Among FD patients, the percentage of degranulated mast cells in gastric mucosa with H. pylori infection group was (61.45±24.86)%, which was higher than that without H. pylori infection group ((48.34±21.63)%), and the difference was statistically significant (t=-2.145, P=0.036). The percentage of degranulated mast cells in gastric mucosa with H. pylori infection group was (29.73±12.99)%, which was higher than that without H. pylori infection group ((20.77±10.86)%), and the difference was statistically significant (t=-2.856, P=0.006). In H. pylori infection group, the percentage of degranulated mast cells in gastric body mucosa of FD patients was (66.99±18.85)%, which was higher than that of asymptomatic patients in control group ((46.77±8.43)%), and the difference was statistically significant (t=3.642, P=0.002). The ratio of degranulated mast cells in gastric body mucosa and the density of mast cells in gastric antrum mucosa of prandial distress syndrome (PDS) patients, the density of mast cells in gastric body mucosa of epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) patients and the ratio of degranulated mast cells in gastric body mucosa and the degree of degranulation of mast cells of PDS and EPS patients were all higher than those of asymptomatic patients in control group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=2.750, 3.601, 2.799, 9.522 and 5.755, all P<0.05). Conclusions The dyspeptic symptoms of FD patients with H. pylori infection is correlated with the changes of mast cells. With the infection of H. pylori, dyspeptic symptoms of different subtypes of FD may be correlated with the changes of mast cells in different gastric region. H. pylori infection may cause the dyspeptic symptoms of FD patients by increase the number and activation of mast cells.

Objective To observe the short-term clinical effect of compound phellodendron gargle combined with the total glucosides of paeony (TGP) in the treatment of erosive oral lichen planus (OLP). Methods 62 patients were divided into observation group and control group through a designed parallel randomized controlled study. All the patients used the total glucosides of paeony capsule , the patients in the observation group also used the compound phellodendron gargle. The pain condition, the healing condition of face, and the treatment effective in both group were evaluated through physical signs and VAS scores evaluations by SPSS 22.0, which could further evaluate the short-term clinical efficacy of compound phellodendron. Results After 30 days, the scores of VAS and physical signs of each group are much better than before. And the scores of VAS and treatment effective of observation group were significantly better than those of the other control groups (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of phellodendron gargle with total glucosides of paeony capsule could improve the treatment effect of OLP patients and reduce the oral pain , which could be used widely in clinical practice.

Background:The pathological and physiological mechanisms of functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs)are complex.In recent years,FGIDs have been referred to as gut-brain interaction disorders.Emotional disorders are widely present in patients with FGIDs.Our study aims to analyze the occurrence of emotional disorders in patients with functional dyspepsia(FD)overlap with other FGIDs.Aims:To explore whether detailed consultation and comprehensive analysis can provide more accurate treatment for patients with FD.Methods:This study included 137 patients with FD,who complete a detailed gastrointestinal symptom survey questionnaire.We evaluated their emotional status through an anxiety and depression scale.Results:Among patients with anxiety or depression disorder,the symptoms of FD were more severe thanthose without anxiety or depression(P=0.003,P=0.003).There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of anxiety and depression scores between patients with simple FD and those with overlapping 1,2,and 3 FGIDs(P=0.021,P=0.010).Compared with patients with simple FD and overlapping 1,2 and 3 FGIDs,there was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of anxiety and depression patients(P=0.005,P=0.005).The chi square test showed a significant trend in the proportion of anxiety patients(P=0.009),indicating that patients with FGIDs overlapping syndrome are more likely to develop anxiety or depression disorders,and the more overlapping quantities,the more likely they are to develop anxiety disorders.There is a significant difference in the distribution of quantities of FGIDs between patients with and without anxiety(P=0.010),indicating that patients with anxiety disorders are more likely to suffer from two or more types of FGIDs.The score of gastrointestinal symptoms is positively correlated with the score of anxiety and depression,and this correlation is statistically significant(P=0.009,P=0.021).Conclusions:The prevalence of FGIDs overlapping syndrome is closely related to emotional disorders.Clinicians,especially grassroots general practitioners and gastroenterologists,should pay attention to the emotional state of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms,especially those with extensive and diverse symptoms.Timely psychological state assessment should be conducted,and if necessary,psychiatric specialists should be recommended for consultation.

Gastric cancer is the most common gastrointestinal cancer in China. The morbidity and mortality are extremely high and there are significant challenges in the treatment of gastric cancer. Recent studies have shown that the expressions of T lymphocyte subsets vary in the immune microenvironment of gastric cancer patients. T lymphocytes are not only the main effector cells of human cellular immunity, but also the important immunoregulatory cells. T lymphocytes not only reflect the state of the tumor microenvironment, but also closely relate with the prognosis of patients. T lymphocytes play a crucial guiding role in the clinical treatment. Currently, clinical trials related to immunological checkpoint inhibitors are still underway, among which PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibody has been approved for the treatment of gastric cancer. The applications of tumor vaccines and adoptive cell therapies in gastric cancer are also being explored. How to screen patients suitable to immunotherapy, develop the best combination therapy and evaluate the effectiveness of immunotherapy need to be studied and solved.

ObjectiveTo explore the medication characteristics and clinical efficacy of the Tenghuang Jiangu tablets in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis （KOA） in the remission stage in the real world，providing references for rational clinical use of this prescription. MethodBased on the "registration system of KOA treated with Tenghuang Jiangu tablets"，2 439 KOA cases in the remission stage were analyzed by SPSS 25.0，IBM SPSS Modeler18.0，and Apriori algorithm. To be specific，the age，body mass index （BMI），and course of treatment were described in the form of x̄±s. The information on gender，K-L grade，daily dose，and frequency of drug use was described by frequency analysis. The number of cases，course of treatment，daily dose，and drug use frequency of the single-use group and the combined-use group were described by frequency analysis，and the combination of drugs was described by frequency analysis and Apriori algorithm. Mann-Whitney U test was employed to compare the scores of Visual Analogue Scale （VAS），Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index （WOMAC），pain，stiffness，and joint function between the single-use group and the combined-use group. ResultThe results of clinical treatment showed that 2 439 patients with KOA in the remission stage were treated with Tenghuang Jiangu tablets，with 1 432 （58.71%） in the single-use group and 1 007 （41.29%） in the combined-use group. The average daily dose of Tenghuang Jiangu tablets was （3.90±1.44） g，and the majority of the patients were at grade Ⅱ （54.47%）. The daily average daily dose of Tenghuang Jiangu tablets in the single-use group was （3.64±1.35） g，which was lower than that in the combined-use group ［（4.26±1.48） g，P<0.05］. In the combined use，the top three western medicines were glucosamine （270 times，14.68%），sodium hyaluronate （126 times，6.85%），and imrecoxib （116 times，6.31%），and the top three Chinese medicines were Huoxuezhitong capsules/tablets/ointments （31 times，1.69%），Biqi capsules （25 times，1.36%），and Maizhiling （23 times，1.25%）. As for the overall clinical efficacy，the VAS score was （5.13±0.93） score before treatment and （2.22±1.18） score after treatment （P<0.05），with an overall average decrease of （2.91±1.14） score， and the average decrease in the single-use group was （2.76±1.43） score， which was lower than that in the combined-use group ［（3.12±1.36） score，（P<0.01）］. The WOMAC score was （31.05±11.84） score before treatment and （13.55±9.91） score after treatment （P<0.05）. The overall average decrease was （17.50±11.79） score， and the average decrease in the single-use group and combined-use group was （16.39±11.14） score and （19.08±12.50） score，respectively （P<0.01）. The patients with KOA>grade Ⅱ accounted for 91.34%（1 308/1 432） and 93.55%（942/1 007） in the single-use group and combined-use group，respectively （χ²=80.026，P<0.05）. A total of 43.37%（621/1 432） of the patients in the single-use group had other complications，lower than that in the combined-use group ［54.92%（553/1 432），（χ²=20.087，P<0.01）］. ConclusionMore than half of the patients with KOA in the remission stage are treated with Tenghuang Jiangu tablets alone，and the combination therapy is mainly applied in patients with severe conditions or other complications. In relieving knee joint pain and improving joint stiffness and joint function，both the Tenghuang Jiangu tablets alone and the combination therapy are effective.

Starch is the predominant compound in bulb scales, and previous studies have shown that bulblet development is closely associated with starch enrichment. However, how starch synthesis affects bulbification at the molecular level is unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that