Objective To establish a new processing method for gait data on Matlab to evaluate the hindlimbs behavior of non-human primates. Methods Gait analysis was tested on three rhesus monkeys 6 weeks after spinal cord injury, and kinematics data of hindlimbs were obtained using the VICON system. The raw data of kinematics were filtered and extracted, which were achieved through VICON 3D motion capture system with the Excel link combining Matlab with Microsoft Excel, and calculated in the Matlab environment. Results The kinematic parameters such as step length, step height, knee joint angle, and malleolus joint angle were gained by calculating. The mean values of step length (F=2.869, P=0.088) and step height (F=1.148, P=0.344) showed no significant difference at three speeds, which implied a higher repeatability of the data model. Angle-time curve reflected the joint function and movement. This system initially described the foot gait trajectory which could be used in gait repetitive analysis, and also generated the gait 2D/3D trajectories of hindlimbs. Conclusion The implement of these functions makes the post-processing of data more flexible and open whitout VICON system, and the calculated parameters and space tracing of gait trajectory basically meet the need of hindlimb behavior evaluation for nonhuman primate.

Objective To investigate the effects of levetiracetam combined with topiramate on immune function and cognitive function in children with intractable epilepsy.Methods A total of 54 hospitalized children with intractable epilepsy were randomly divided into control group and combination group.All the children were treated with antiepileptic drugs,and the complications were prevented.The control group was treated with levetiracetam and the combination group was treated with topiramate.All the children were treated foR3 months.The levels of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin levels were detected by EEG analysis,and the cognitive function was evaluated.Results Compared with before treatment,levels of CD3+,CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ increased significantly in both groups (P<0.05),CD8+ decreased significantly (P<0.05),and levels of serum IgA and IgG increased significantly (P<0.05).There were no significant changes in IgM and relative poweRof δ,α and β bands (P<0.05),and the relative poweRof the θ band decreased (P<0.05).Visual space and executive ability,attention and concentration,memory,calculation and orientation,and total scores increased significant (P<0.05),and scores of naming,language,abstract thinking did not change (P< 0.05).Compared with the control group,levels of CD3+,CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the combined group were significantly higheR(P<0.05),CD8+ was significantly lower(P<0.05),levels of IgA,IgG were significantly higher(P<0.05),relative poweRreduction of the θ band were significantly lower(P<0.05),and visual space and executive ability,attention and concentration,memory,calculation and orientation and total score were significantly higheR(P<0.05),and the total effective rate was significantly higheR(P<0.05).Conclusion Levetiracetam combined with topiramate is effective in the treatment of intractable epilepsy in children,which can effectively improve the immune function and cognitive function.

Objective To investigate the effects of levetiracetam combined with topiramate on immune function and cognitive function in children with intractable epilepsy.Methods A total of 54 hospitalized children with intractable epilepsy were randomly divided into control group and combination group.All the children were treated with antiepileptic drugs,and the complications were prevented.The control group was treated with levetiracetam and the combination group was treated with topiramate.All the children were treated foR3 months.The levels of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin levels were detected by EEG analysis,and the cognitive function was evaluated.Results Compared with before treatment,levels of CD3+,CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ increased significantly in both groups (P<0.05),CD8+ decreased significantly (P<0.05),and levels of serum IgA and IgG increased significantly (P<0.05).There were no significant changes in IgM and relative poweRof δ,α and β bands (P<0.05),and the relative poweRof the θ band decreased (P<0.05).Visual space and executive ability,attention and concentration,memory,calculation and orientation,and total scores increased significant (P<0.05),and scores of naming,language,abstract thinking did not change (P< 0.05).Compared with the control group,levels of CD3+,CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the combined group were significantly higheR(P<0.05),CD8+ was significantly lower(P<0.05),levels of IgA,IgG were significantly higher(P<0.05),relative poweRreduction of the θ band were significantly lower(P<0.05),and visual space and executive ability,attention and concentration,memory,calculation and orientation and total score were significantly higheR(P<0.05),and the total effective rate was significantly higheR(P<0.05).Conclusion Levetiracetam combined with topiramate is effective in the treatment of intractable epilepsy in children,which can effectively improve the immune function and cognitive function.

Lupus nephritis (LN), a severe manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus, poses a substantial risk of progression to end-stage renal disease, with increased mortality. Conventional therapy for LN relies on broad-spectrum immunosuppressants such as glucocorticoids, mycophenolate mofetil, and calcineurin inhibitors. Although therapeutic regimens have evolved over the years, they have inherent limitations, including non-specific targeting, substantial adverse effects, high relapse rates, and prolonged maintenance and remission courses. These drawbacks underscore the need for targeted therapeutic strategies for LN. Recent advancements in our understanding of LN pathogenesis have led to the identification of novel therapeutic targets and the emergence of biological agents and small-molecule inhibitors with improved specificity and reduced toxicity. This review provides an overview of the current evidence on targeted therapies for LN, elucidates the biological mechanisms of responses and failure, highlights the challenges ahead, and outlines strategies for subsequent clinical trials and integrated immunomodulatory approaches.

Objective:To establish a hydride generation atomic fluorescence method using ammonium persulfate as the digestion reagent for determination of arsenic in urine (hereinafter referred to as this method).Methods:The collected urine samples with ammonium persulfate were heated and digested on the tubular electric heating automatic control constant temperature digester (60 holes), with 5% hydrochloric acid solution as reaction medium and current carrier and 1.5% potassium borohydride solution as reducing agent. Arsenic content was determined with a four-channel atomic fluorescence spectrometer. The arsenic standard solution of 0 - 10 μg/L was prepared to determine the standard curve of this method, and the method was evaluated from the detection limit, linear range, correlation coefficient, precision, standard addition recovery experiment, and urine arsenic quality control sample detection. The standard method "Determination of Arsenic in Urine by Hydride Generation Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry" (WS/T 474-2015, referred to as the standard method) was used for comparison experiments.Results:When the sampling volume was 1 ml, the detection limit of this method (digest with 1 ml 1.5 mol/L ammonium persulfate) was 0.03 μg/L. In the range of arsenic content from 0 - 10 μg/L, the linear relationship between arsenic content and fluorescence intensity was good, and the correlation coefficients ( r) were all 0.999 9. The relative standard deviations( RSD) of the three replicates of urine samples with different concentrations were 1.00%, 0.89% and 0.49%, respectively. Urine arsenic quality control samples were tested, and the test results were all within the range of public values; the overall average recovery was 102.29%, and the recovery range was 92.10% - 108.15%. Compared with the standard method in the determination results of 20 urine samples, the difference was not statistically significant ( t = - 0.40, P > 0.05). Conclusions:The hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry using ammonium persulfate as digestion reagent for the determination of arsenic in urine has the advantages of low detection limit, good precision, high accuracy, small amount of sampling and digestion reagent, simple operation, and less harmful gas generation in sample pretreatment. It is suitable for rapid determination of arsenic in urine in large quantities.

Hypoxia is the common characteristic of almost all solid tumors,which prevents therapeutic drugs from reaching the tumors.Therefore,the development of new targeted agents for the accurate diagnosis of hypoxia tumors is widely concerned.As carbonic anhydrase Ⅸ(CA Ⅸ)is abundantly distributed on the hypoxia tumor cells,it is considered as a potential tumor biomarker.4-(2-Aminoethyl)benzenesulfo-namide(ABS)as a CA Ⅸ inhibitor has inherent inhibitory activity and good targeting effect.In this study,Ag2S quantum dots(QDs)were used as the carrier to prepare a novel diagnostic and therapeutic bio-probe(Ag2S@polyethylene glycol(PEG)-ABS)through ligand exchange and amide condensation reaction.Ag2S@PEG-ABS can selectively target tumors by surface-modified ABS and achieve accurate tumor im-aging by the near infrared-Ⅱ(NIR-Ⅱ)fluorescence characteristics of Ag2S QDs.PEG modification of Ag2S QDs greatly improves its water solubility and stability,and therefore achieves high photothermal sta-bility and high photothermal conversion efficiency(PCE)of 45.17％.Under laser irradiation,Ag2S@PEG-ABS has powerful photothermal and inherent antitumor combinations on colon cancer cells(CT-26)in vitro.It also has been proved that Ag2S@PEG-ABS can realize the effective treatment of hypoxia tumors in vivo and show good biocompatibility.Therefore,it is a new efficient integrated platform for the diagnosis and treatment of hypoxia tumors.