With non-professional based on-site detection mode and miniature , portable and intelligent techniques as the basis , the potential of point-of-care testing ( POCT ) to feedback the result timely and help to make right decisions to handle emergencies has drawn the attention from extensive fields , including clinical investigation , disease control and prevention , quality control , environmental protection , forensic investigation, import and export inspection and so on.In this review, the definition, history and challenge of POCT promotion from qualitative detection to quantitative one were discussed .

Yersinia pestis is the pathogen of plague which has caused three pandemics in human history. Understanding the evolution of Y. pestis in different plague foci from the genomic point of view is of deep significance in improving detection, identification, prevention and treatment of plague. The results of the study of genomic evolution of Y.pestis and their practical implications are discussed in this paper. [HS(1*2/3]

Objective Accidental public health emergencies occurred frequently all over the world in the last decade. The problem of how to set up an effective system for prevention and control of infectious diseases has aroused the attention of all the nations worldwide. The present paper discussed the contributions of the clinical laboratory in hospital during public health emergencies by collecting samples, establishing and applying a rapid diagnosis platform for infectious pathogens, ensuring laboratory biosafety, and developing a strategy in case of emergency. These countermeasures may be helpful for the army to establish an effective system and mechanism in handling public health emergencies.

Genotype ; Humans ; Yersinia pestis

Objective To detect 10 RNA viruses including Alphavirus in Togoviridae, Flavivirus in Flaviridae, Hantavirus and Nairovirus in Bunyavirudae and SARS-CoV in Coronavirudae by using genechip technique. Methods The universal PCR primers of Alphavirus and Flavivirus and the PCR primers specific for HFRSV in Hantavirus and XJHFV in Nairovirus were designed by DNAStar software. PCR primers specific for SARS-CoV were adopted from WHO website. In addition, all the PCR primers specific for each virus were designed inside the regions of universal primers. These specific primers were utilized for amplification of cDNA probes. The concentration of probes, the hybridization temperature and duration, the formulation of hybridization solution and the washing conditions were optimized. Results The specific hybridization signals could be obtained when the concentration of probes was 0.3?g/?l. Good hybridization signals could be obtained for all the 10 RNA viruses when the hybridization solution contained 20% formamide, and the hybridization reaction was conducted at 60℃ for 1.5 hours. Two or four pathogens could be detected simultaneously when the target nuclear acids were amplified by multiplex PCR. Conclusion The results showed that the virus pathogens could be detected by genechip technique, and the key step was to design suitable primers and probes.

[Objective]To establish osteoarthritis model in rabbit knees by two kinds of surgery methods,and to explore their applicable conditions.[Method]Seventeen rabbits were divided into three groups(Hulth group,ligament-excised group and control group),they were anesthetized and operated differently according to their group.The rabbits were sacrificed at 1,3 and 6 weeks after surgery.The femoral condylars were harvested and studied in both gross morphological and pathohistological aspect.[Result]The degeneration of articular cartilage of the two surgery groups got worse by time,and their Mankin's scores were significantly higher than those in the control group(P

From the data of inspection of the tongue and colonoscopy in 1121 cases it was found that in changes of tongue coating and tongue proper, and colonoscopy were significant differences (P

Objective To investigate the effect of salinity and temperature on motility of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Methods V.parahaemolyticus was inoculated on swarming or swimming agar plates containing different amounts of salinity (0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, and 4.0% NaCl, respectively), followed by incubation at 26 or 37℃, before the diameters of bacterial lawns were measured .Results and Conclusion The swarming motility was not affected by salinity , while the swimming motility was positively correlated with salinity .Maximum swimming occurred in 2.0% NaCl, and displayed a slight decline in salinity of 4.0%.Both swimming and swarming were affected by temperature , and the motility was signifi-cantly enhanced in 37℃vs 26℃.These results indicate that both salinity and temperature can modulate the motility of V. parahaemolyticus.

Objective To identify small non-coding RNAs encoded by plasmid pPCP1 and investigate their roles in biofilm formation, stress tolerance and/or virulence in Yersinia pestis.Methods Seven plasmid pPCP1-encoded sRNAs were identified by RNA-seq results in Y.pestis in our previous studies.Northern blot was used to validate the presence of the seven sRNAs.The sRNA-deletion mutants were constructed via λ-Red homologous recombination system.The biofilm formation, high salt tolerance and virulence of the phenotypes were compared between Y.pestis WT strain and sRNA mutants.Results and Conclusion The expression of seven pPCP1-encoded sRNAs was validated and the transcript length detected by Northern blotting corresponded to the length observed by RNA-seq.On this basis, five sRNA-deletion mutants were obtained.The capacity of biofilm formation was weakened upon deletion of sR3446.The tolerance of sR3446, sR3457, sR4338 and sR4340 mutants was found weakened in vitro compared to that of wild-type strain,but the tolerance of sR6143 was found increased.Slight virulence attenuation was found in two sRNA mutants ( sR4338 and sR4340 ) .The results suggest that pPCP1-deriving sRNA might be implicated in stress response, biofilm and virulence in Y.pestis.

Objective To establish the rep-PCR DNA fingerprinting technique for typing K. pneumoniae strains and apply it in the epidemiological investigation.Methods The 39 strains of K. pneumoniae were typed by plasmid profile analysis, then their chromosomal DNA were extracted and purified by NaI-lyses-glass-powder absorption method for rep-PCR. Results Different strains of K.pneumoniae showed different rep-PCR fingerprint patterns. Phylogenetic analysis showed that they could be classified into six types, mainly type 1, type 2, and type 3. Otherwise, plasmid profile analysis suggested that there were four types; mainly type 1 which contained only one plasmid.Conclusions (1) Rep-PCR DNA fingerprinting technique developed in this study is enough for epidemiological studies with its high typeability, strong discrimination, simplicity and rapidness. (2) There were three predominant K. pneumoniae transmitted between patients in Taihe Hospital during the last two years, and there might be serious cross-infection among different types.