OBJECTIVE To discuss the prevention and control of the urinary tract infection related to the catheterization.METHODS According to recent research on the control of the urinary tract infection related to the catheterization in our country,we investigated and assessed the problems existing in urethral catheterization and indwelling urethral catheterization in our hospital via a questionnaire.RESULTS There were lots of pitfalls in catheterization.By organizing training,carefully examining,and adopting the examination of the quality of health care,our staff had significantly improved their levels in the field of necessity of catheterization,choice of catheters,asepsis,maintenance of closing cycle of drainage system and others.CONCLUSIONS Enhancing the prevention and control of the urinary tract infection related to the catheterization is very meaningful to reduc of the rate of hospital infections.

Objective:To study the effects of obesity induced by high-fat diet on T lymphocyte subsets in the adipose tissue in mice.Methods:C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into 2 groups, the normal control group and high-fat diet group.After feeding 16 weeks, serum was separated and CHOL, TG, HDL, LDL and glucose levels were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer.The concentrations of TNF-αwere determined by ELISA kit.FACS was used to analyze the number of T cells and the percentage of subgroup in epididymal fat adipose tissue.Results:Compared with control group,body weight,weight gain,epididymal fat pad weight,perirenal fat weight,blood lipids,glucose and TNF-αwere significantly increased in high-fat diet group,but there were no difference in the thymus index and spleen index between the two groups.Compared with the control group,the mice fed a high-fat diet had increasing proportion of CD3+T cells,CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells in adipose tissue and there was a significant increase on the proportion of Th1 and Th17 sublineage in the HFD group.Conclusion:High-fat diet induced obesity can lead to the increasing proportion of CD3+T cells,CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells in epididymal fat pads and generate a progressive Th1 and Th17 bias.

Objective: To determine the active components of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker (Tu Bie Chong) and explore the mechanisms underlying its fracture-healing ability. Methods: A modified Einhorn method was used to develop a rat tibial fracture model. Progression of bone healing was assessed using radiological methods. Safranin O/fast green and CD31 immunohistochemical staining were performed to evaluate the growth of bone cells and angiogenesis at the fracture site. Methylthiazoletetrazolium blue and wound healing assays were used to analyze cell viability and migration. The Transwell assay was used to explore the invasion capacity of the cells. Tubule formation assays were used to assess the angiogenesis capacity of human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). qRT-PCR was used to evaluate the changes in gene transcription levels. Results: Tu Bie Chong fraction 3 (TF3) significantly shortened the fracture healing time in model rats. X-ray results showed that on day 14, fracture healing in the TF3 treatment group was significantly better than that in the control group (P = .0086). Tissue staining showed that cartilage growth and the number of H-shaped blood vessels at the fracture site of the TF3 treatment group were better than those of the control group. In vitro, TF3 significantly promoted the proliferation and wound healing of MC3T3-E1s and HUVECs (all P < .01). Transwell assays showed that TF3 promoted the migration of HUVECs, but inhibited the migration of MC3T3-E1 cells. Tubule formation experiments confirmed that TF3 markedly promoted the ability of vascular endothelial cells to form microtubules. Gene expression analysis revealed that TF3 significantly promoted the expression of VEGFA, SPOCD1, NGF, and NGFR in HUVECs. In MC3T3-E1 cells, the transcript levels of RUNX2 and COL2A1 were significantly elevated following TF3 treatment. Conclusion TF3 promotes fracture healing by promoting bone regeneration associated with the RUNX2 pathway and angiogenesis associated with the VEGFA pathway.

Objective To explore the effect of hierarchical executive function training on executive dysfunction among stroke survivors.Methods Thirty-six recovering stroke survivors with executive dysfunction were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=18) and a control group (n=18).Both groups received routine rehabilitation training and medication for three weeks,but the experimental group also received working memory training,inhibitory control training,set shifting training,and central executive function training.Before and after the training,everyone's cognitive functioning was screened using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA),and executive functioning was evaluated using the digit span test (DST),the color trail test (CTT),the complex fluency test and the simple fluency test.Results Before the training there were no significant differences in clinical indicators between the two groups.After the treatment,the average MoCA,DST,CTT complex fluency test and simple fluency test scores of the experimental group had all improved significantly,but no significant improvement in any of the measurements was observed in the control group except for a significant improvement in their average MoCA score.Conclusion Hierarchical executive function training can improve the sub-components of executive function among recovering stroke survivors,including working memory,set shifting and fluency.

Objective To analyze the clinical features of cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR).Methods The clinical data of 10 patients who diagnosed as CAR during 5 years were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent detailed ocular examinations,including electroretinogram (ERG),optical coherence tomography (OCT),visual field (VF) and autofluorescence(AF).Results The primary malignancy was lung carcinoma in 3 patients,thymoma in 3 patients,thyroid carcinoma in 1 patients,maxillary sinus tumor in 1 patients,nasopharyngeal carcinoma in 1 patients and rectal cancer in 1 patients.All patients complained progressive visual reducing.Three patients manifested night blindness.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA)＜0.1 was in three eyes,≤0.1-＜0.5 in seven eyes,and ≥0.5 in ten eyes.Patients showed normal fundi or mild abnormality.OCT images showed disorganization and/or loss of the ellipsoid zone in the macular area in 4 patients,and other six patients had only central foveal ellipsoid zone preserved.Eight patients had moderately or severely reduced ffERG,and 2 patients demonstrated electro-negative ERG.Five patients revealed peripheral visual defect.AF images were from normal to low or high AF patches in the posterior pole and mid-peripheral retina.Conclusions The clinical manifestations of CAR are varied as common characteristics of progressive visual decrease with or without night blindness,visual field defect and abnormal ffERG recording.

Objective:To observe and analyze the rate of visual acuity progression and binocular symmetry in patients with choroideremia (CHM).Methods:A single-center retrospective longitudinal cohort study. From April 2009 to August 2022, 38 eyes of 19 patients diagnosed with CHM through clinical and genetic testing at the Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, were included in this study. All patients underwent at least 2 follow-up visits with a minimum interval of 1 year between visits, and binocular best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) results were recorded at each follow-up visit. Decimal visual acuity was converted into logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) for analysis. The patient group consisted of 19 males from 16 unrelated families. The age at initial visit was (39.52±13.24) years, with a (2.63±1.61) follow-up visits over a duration of (4.95±2.68) years. A total of 50 binocular BCVA data were included. Annual progression rate of visual acuity was calculated based on longitudinal and cross-sectional data. Spearman correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman method were used to evaluate the binocular symmetry.Results:The rate of visual acuity progression was (0.095±0.148) logMAR units/year based on longitudinal data and (0.018±0.009) logMAR units/year based on cross-sectional data. The binocular symmetry for BCVA of the baseline values was strong; however, the binocular symmetry of progression rates for BCVA was moderate. Spearman correlation analysis showed that binocular symmetry in baseline BCVA was high ( r=0.881, P<0.001). The symmetry of binocular vision progression rates based on longitudinal data was moderately symmetric ( r=0.528, P=0.020). Bland-Altman analysis showed that 94.7% of binocular baseline BCVA differences were within 95% confidence interval ( CI) of 95% limit difference (LOA), indicating good symmetry of binocular baseline BCVA. The number of binocular BCVA progression rate differences within 95% CI of 95%LOA was 89.5%, suggesting moderate symmetry in binocular BCVA progression rate. The results of Spearman correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman analysis of binocular symmetry were basically consistent. Conclusions:The rate of visual acuity progression of patients with CHM based on longitudinal and cross-sectional data is (0.095±0.148) and (0.018±0.009) logMAR units/year, respectively. Cross-sectional data from patients of different ages should not be used to infer the progression rate of the natural history. Binocular eyes with highly symmetrical baseline visual acuity may differ in the rate of visual acuity progression.