OBJECTIVETo investigate the imaging features and diagnostic value of MRI and CT in diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis by comparing study.

METHODSFrom May 2014 to December 2014, 32 patients with spinal tuberculosis were diagnosed as patients with spinal tuberculosis, and the data of MRI and CT were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSPatients with lesions appeared respectively in the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine; CT diagnosis of bone destruction and vertebral disc soft tissue injury rate is lower than that of MRI, the intervertebral disc injury diagnosed rate higher than that of MRI, P < 0.05, the difference is statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONCT and MRI in the diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis imaging studies are different, and combination of both can improve the diagnosis rate, can prevent and treat in a timely manner, so as to improve the treatment effect.

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a leading cause of blindness and caused by abnormal repairs for the damaged vitreous and retina.The formation of PVR involves many cytokines,including platelet derived growth factor (PDGF),vascular endothelial growth factor,hepatocyte growth factor,transforming growth factor-β,epidermal growth factor,tumor necrosis factor-α,connective tissue growth factor,etc.The Jagged-1/Notch signaling pathway and RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway are involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells.The migration and proliferation of RPE cells are associated with the PKC/ERK and Akt/mTORCl signaling pathway.Non-PDGF cytokines indirectly active PDGF receptor α,which seems to be the key pathway in the development of PVR.The methods of cocktail neutralizing reagents targeted to multiple cytokines and the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine are effective in preventing PVR.Here,we reviewed the mechanisms and signaling pathways of multiple relevant cytokines involved in development and treatment of PVR.

In China,professional ethics education in universities suffers a late start and requests an improvement.The same problem also consists in medical universities.They are faced with how to enhance the medical ethics education of future physicians and match it with the training of clinical techniques and skills so as to cultivate qualified medical professionals.The article established guidelines of professional ethics education and suggested that the issue could be tackled by substantiating the content of education,broadening effective means,and forming joint efforts.

The transient surge in the hypothalamic GnRH pulse generator-pituitary gonadotropin-gonadal apparatus,sometimes called the minipuberty of early infancy, is associated with special secretion pattern of many sex hormones. This period is thought to be an important stage for sex development, and provides clinicians early evidences to diagnose sexual abnormality diseases. This review summarizes the formation and characteristic of minipuberty,and the mechanism of its abnormal hormone secretion leading to sexual abnormality, and thus focus on the value of minipuberty for early diagnosis of sexual abnormality diseases.

It is clear that genetic background contributes to the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR).However,the identification of susceptibility loci through candidate gene approaches,linkage disequilibrium analysis of case-control data and genome wide association study is still in its infancy and faces many challenges due to the complexity of the disease itself.China has rich resources of clinical samples.In order to facilitate elucidating the susceptibility genes of DR in China,we look forward multi-disciplinary,multi-regional collaboration studies integrating novel technologies,such as proteomics,metabolomics and next-generation sequencing to analyze gene-gene and gene-environment interaction factors comprehensively.

Objective To compare the curative effect of tiotropium bromide combined with salmeterol flutica-sone of different specifications in treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)at stable stage in senile patients.Methods 84 senile patients of COPD were selected.All the patients were divided into observation group (42 cases)and control group(42 cases).And both groups were provided with basic treatment of tiotropium bromide, on the basic treatment,the patients in the observation group were provided with 50μg/250μg salmeterol fluticasone, and the control group with 50μg/500μg salmeterol fluticasone.The course of treatment in the two groups was 12 months.The arterial blood gas,lung function,motor function and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups after treatment.Results 12 months after treatment,the arterial oxygen partial pressure(PaO2 ),arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure(PaCO2 ),forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1 ),forced vital capacity(FVC),1 second forced expiratory volume accounted for the percentage of forced vital capacity(FEV1 /FVC)of the control group were (51.66 ±3.96)mmHg,(66.58 ±4.90)mmHg,(1.39 ±0.09)L,(2.41 ±0.09)L,(60.40 ±4.25)%,(366.01 ± 17.21)m respectively,which of the observation group were (46.29 ±3.38)mmHg,(75.83 ±5.09)mmHg,(1.59 ± 0.12)L,(2.65 ±0.10)L,(67.33 ±485)%,(325.69 ±15.62)m respectively.The arterial blood gas,lung function and exercise capacity of the two groups were significantly improved,among them,PaO2 of the control group was significantly better than that of the observation group,the difference was statistically significant (t =6.684,P <0.001).PaCO2 of the control group was significantly better than that of the observation group,the difference was statistically significant(t =-8.485,P <0.001).FEV1 of the control group was significantly better than that of the observation group,the difference was statistically significant(t =-8.641,P <0.001).FVC of the control group was significantly better than that of the observation group,the difference was statistically significant(t =-11.561,P <0.001).FEV1 /FVC of the control group was significantly better than that of the observation group,the difference was statistically significant(t =-6.964,P <0.001).6MWD of the control group was significantly better than that of the observation group,the difference was statistically significant(t =-11.243,P <0.001).After 12 months of treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 97.62%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group 85.71%(χ2 =3.896,P =0.048).Conclusion The comprehensive effect of tiotropium bromide combined with 50μg/500μg salmeterol fluticasone is better than that of tiotropium bromide combined with 50μg/250μg salmeterol fluticasone.

BACKGROUND: Whether nerve root is involved or not in cervical spondylosis of nerve root type is related not only to stenosis of bone canal and inflammatory disorder and swelling in peripheral soft tissues, but also to the relevant size of external diameter of nerve root.OBJECTIVE: To probe into the anatomical factors of cervical spondylosis of nerve root type with occurrence rate of involved cervical nerve in cervical intervertebral foramen and sulcus of spinal nerve.DESIGN: Single sample observation was designed.SETTING: Department of Anatomy of Chengde Medical College.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 120 sides of 60 adult corpses were employed with formaldehyde fixation (28 cases of male and 32 cases of female).METHODS: Sixty adult corpses were measured with the vernier of 0.02 mm spinal nerve and the transverse diameter of anterior branch (A-diameter) of superoinferior diameter (S - I diameter) of cervical intervertebral foramen and its spinal nerve root. The ratios were calculated between A-diameter cervical nerve and E-diameter of the corresponding sulcus of spinal nerve and between A - P diameter and S - I diameter of spinal nerve root and those of corresponding intervertebral foramen respectively. The rates of occurrence were concluded for those cervical nerves whose A-diameter larger than or equal to E-diameter of sulcus of spinal nerves and for those spinal nerve roots whose rations larger than or equal to those of corresponding intervertebral foramens.cervical nerve in C3-6 larger than or equal to E-diameter of sulcus of spinal nerve roots in C3-6 larger than or equal to those of corresponding intervertebral foramens.RESULTS: Totally 120 sides of 60 corpses were measured (56 cases of male wedge pressure in intervertebral foramen of cervical nerve root for both male and female, of which, that of female was remarkably superior to the male was 6. 3% for wedge pressure of anterior branch of cervical spinal nerve in sulcus in spinal nerve for both male and female, of which, that of male was remarkably superior to the female(8.9%, 3.9%, χ2 = 6.65, P ＜ 0. 01 ).CONCLUSION: The involvement of cervical nerve is related not only to the stenosis of bone canal but also to the injury of peripheral soft tissues. By the ratios between E-diameter of nerve root and intervertebral foramen and between A-diameter of cervical nerve and E-diameter of sulcus of spinal nerve, those ≥ 1 can be obtained directly as the rate of occurrence of nerve compression.

Objective To evaluate the asynchrony of the different segments of left ventricle(LV) and its relation with LV function, QRS duration in the patients with congestive heart failure(CHF) by quantitative tissue velocity imaging(QTVI). Methods Forty normal controls and 40 patients with CHF were studied by QTVI. The regional velocity profiles of 18 segments of LV along LV apical long axis view, apical two chamber view and four chamber view were obtained. The time from onset of QRS complexes to peak velocity during systole and early diastole (T S and T E) were measured. The maximal difference in T S and T E within the same wall (Intra ?T S and Intra ?T E), the same segment (Inter ?T S and Inter ?T E ) and all 18 segments(Max ?T S and Max ?T E ) of LV were calculated. The parameters of LV function calculated included the mean of mitral annulus systolic peak velocities and early diastolic peak velocities of six wall(Mean Vs and Mean Ve), and ejection fraction of LV(LVEF). Results Inter ?T S,Inter ?T E,Intra ?T S,Intra ?T E,Max ?T S and Max ?T E in CHF group were significantly prolonged, all showing statistic significance when compared with control group(all P

Cytochrome P450 is one of the microsomal mixed function oxidase,and plays an important role in the metabolism of exogenous and endogenous material.Lots of domestic and overseas relative literatures were red,the article summarized the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine affecting the metabolism of CYP in recent years.Eight main drug-metabolizing enzymes were respectively introduced,including CYP1A1,CYP1A2,CYP2A6,CYP2C,CYP2D6,CYP2E1,CYP3A4 and CYP3A4.It is important to research CYP450 for drug screening,individual administration.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of interventional ultrasound treatment for non-ruptured ectopic pregnancy. Methods Seventeen cases of ectopic pregnancy with masses 20~50 mm(mean,35 mm) in diameter and embryo sacs 15~42 mm(mean,26 mm) in diameter were included.Under the guidance of ultrasonography,needle puncture and aspiration of lesions of ectopic pregnancy was conducted through the posterior fornix.Then the methotrexate(MTX) 20~40 mg was injected into.Results All the 17 cases were punctured and MTX-injected on one session.The embryo sac disappeared within 4 weeks after the treatment in 16 cases,while there was no improvement in 1 case and a further surgery was given.Of the 16 successfully treated cases,salpingography showed the oviduct as "patent" in 14 cases and as "unobstructed" in 2.Conclusions Interventional ultrasound treatment of non-ruptured ectopic pregnancy has advantages of simplicity of performance,good safety and efficiency,minimal invasion,and few adverse effects.This procedure is worthy of being recommended.