Objective To investigate the causes,treatments,and prevention of dysuria after transurethral resection of prostate (TURP). Methods The clinical data of 49 cases of dysuria post-TURP that were treated in our hospital from July 2004 to September 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Among the cases,6 patients received silica catheterization again because of edema of the bladder neck and urethra; 9 underwent catheterization after bladder flush for delayed prostate bleeding; 20 underwent urethral dilatation or meatotomy due to meatal stenosis,5 received urethral dilatation for urethral stricture; urethral dilatation or direct vision internal urethrotomy were performed on 4 cases who had bladder neck fracture; TURP was carried out for a second time in 4 cases because of glandular residual; suprapubic cystostomy was made in 1 case of colonal carcinoma for long-term bed rest. All cases were cured after the treatment. Conclusions Meatal stenosis is the most common cause of dysuria post-TURP.Urethral dilatation is the first choice for the disease.