Objective To study the chemical constituents of Helicia nilagirica. Methods The ethanol extract was seperated by petroleum ether, dichloromethane, and n-butanol in sequence, then isolated by silica gel column chromatography. The structures were identified and elucidated by physicochemical pro-(perties) and spectral analysis. Results Four compounds were isolated from the petroleum ether extract and identified as n-hexadecane acid (Ⅰ), ?-sitosterol (Ⅱ), ?-sitosterol-3-O-?-D-glucoside-6′-acetate (Ⅲ), and daucosterol (Ⅳ). Conclusion All the compounds are isolated from the plant for the first time. Compounds Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ are isolated from the plants of Helicia Lour. for the first time, and compound Ⅲ is a new natural product.

Object To study the chemical constituents of the whole plant of Selaginella stauntoniana Spring. Methods Various chromatographic techniques were employed for the isolation and purification of its constituents, and structurally identified by spectral analysis (IR, UV, MS, 1HNMR, 13CNMR) and chemical evidence. Results Four compounds were identified from its extract as: emodin (Ⅰ), ginkgetin (Ⅱ), hinokiflavone (Ⅲ), amentoflavone (Ⅳ). Conclusion All the compounds were isolated in this plant for the first time; compound Ⅰ was found from the plants of Selaginellaceae Beauv. for the first time.

Objective To investigate the behavioral characteristics of circadian rhythm disturbance in 3xTg-AD mice.Methods The free-running period,average activity per hour,total amount of exercise and circadian amplitude were examined with voluntary wheel-running test in 3-to 9-month-old C57BL/6 and 3xTg-AD mice under 12 h light/12 h dark cycle and constant darkness environment.Results In constant darkness environment,the free-running period in 3-month-old 3xTg-AD mice was (23.2±0.4) h,and shorter than the period((23.5±0.2) h) in C57BL/6 mice.In 6-and 9-month-old 3xTg-AD mice,activity pattern was disorganized,without clear boundary between activity and rest phase.The free-running period was unavailable.The circadian amplitude and total exercise amount were(40.6± 11.5) counts/5 min and(2.6±0.1) × 104 counts/d,(37.0±20.8) counts/5 min and(2.3±0.4) × 104 counts/d,(29.3± 11.0) counts/5 min and(1.6± 0.9) × 104 counts/d in 3-,6-and 9-month-old 3xTg-AD mice,respectively,which was significantly lower than that in age-matched C57BL/6 mice.In 12 h light/12 h dark cycle,the circadian amplitude and total exercise amount of 3-,6-and 9-month-old 3xTg-AD mice were (87.0 ± 37.8) counts/5 min and (2.2 ± 0.8) × 104 counts/d,(25.9± 6.3) counts/5 min and (1.1 ± 0.2) × 104 counts/d,(14.3 ± 5.7) counts/5 min and (0.6 ± 0.3)× 104 counts/d respectively,and with a significant decrease from the age of 6 months.Meanwhile,the locomotor activity decreased at night and increased during the day.Conclusion The endogenous circadian rhythm disturbance emerges in 3xTg-AD mice at 3-month-old,while the exogenous circadian rhythm disorder appears at 6-month-old;the degree of disorder in circadian rhythm is gradually aggravated with the increase of age in of the AD mice.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Jin's three-needling therapy on children autism with different TCM syndrome types.Methods A total of 202 autism children was enrolled into the study.Autism children were divided into two groups:the treatment group(N=118)received Jin's three-needling therapy,the acupoints mainly consisted of Sishen needling,Dingshen needling,temporal triple needling,supertemporal triple needling,brain triple needling,mental triple needling,Xingshen needling,hand needling for improving mental,foot needling for improving mental and tongue triple needling,and some other acupoints were selected according to the syndrome patterns;the control group(N=84)received special training.The treatment was done one time per day,six times one week,and 4 months constituted one treatment course.After treatment,the therapeutic effect was evaluated by Children Autism Rating Scale(CARS).Results After one treatment course,the total curative effective rate was 88.1% in the treatment group and 65.5% in the control group(P

The technology of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used for analysis Chloriti Lapis and the XRD Fourier fingerprints were established. The dates were analyzed by fuzzy cluster and fingerprint similarity evaluation software to compare the similarity of samples. XRD fingerprint with 10 common peaks of 14 batches of Chloriti Lapis were established. The average, median coefficients of crystal lattice spacing d (A), peak position 2 theta, relative intensity value I/I0 (%) were all more than 0.95. And similarity( angle cosine value) were all more than 0. 97. There were small number samples differed from others. And obvious differences between the pre-and post-processing samples. This paper shows the powder XRD Fourier fingerprint can be used for appraisal and study of the Chloriti Lapis.
Aluminum Silicates ; analysis ; chemistry ; Cluster Analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; Ferrous Compounds ; analysis ; chemistry ; Fourier Analysis ; Geography ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; X-Ray Diffraction ; methods

OBJECTIVETo determine the total content of 10 ginsenosides in Yiqifumai lyophilized injection by near infrared spectroscopy.

METHODSixty samples were collected and determined of the total contents of ten ginsenosides by HPLC. The optimal calibration model was established by the contents of 10 ginsenosides in fifty samples and their NIR spectroscopy using the PLS. And the contents of 10 samples were successfully predicted.

RESULTWhen using the pretreatment of the first derivative and MSC in the range of 4 246.8 - 4 602.2, 5 446.8 - 61 02.6 cm(-1), the best dimension was 9, and the quantitative model was accurate. The R2 was 94.2, and the RMSECV was 0.186. The RMSEP of ten samples was 0.234.

CONCLUSIONThis method is easy, rapaid and precise, and can be used to determine the content of 10 ginsenosides in Yiqifumai lyophilized injection.

OBJECTIVETo determine 4 nortriterpenoids (de-hydroxy arisanlactone D, 25-hydroxy schindilactone, schindilachone A, lancifodilactone D) in Schisandra chinensis extract by HPLC.

METHODThe analysis was performed on a waters symmetry column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (33:67) at a flow rate of 1 ml x min(-1). The column temperature was set at 37 degrees C, and the detector wavelength was 264 nm.

RESULTThe linear ranges of de-hydroxy arisanlactone D, 25-hydroxy schindilactone, schindilachone A, and lancifodilactone D are 0.075-1.800, 0.098-0.980; 0.095-0.950, and 0.053-0.530 microg, respectively, and the average recoveries were 98.57%, 96.44%, 97.96%, and 97.27%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe four nortriterpenoids were well separated by this method, and it could be used to determine the four nortriterpenoids in Schisandra chinensis extract.

OBJECTIVETo detect alkaloids in Ipecac by direct analysis in real time tandem mass spectrometry (DART-MS) without pre-treatment and chromatographic separation.

METHODUnder the optimum conditions, DART-MS characteristic spectra were collected for tablet of Ipecac powder, Ipecac stems and leaves by full scanning, and secondary spectra were adopted for identifying alkaloids. The multiple reaction monitoring mode was adopted to determine the mass spectrum peak intensity of determinands on the surface of determined samples, in order to calculate their average content in samples.

RESULTSpectra of tablet of Ipecac powder and Ipecac stems showed remarkable ionized ion peaks of emetine and cephaeline at m/z 481 and 467, while spectra of leaves showed ionized ion peaks of other alkaloids at m/z 479 and 465. Furthermore, the quantitative analysis was also demonstrated with good reproducibility and linear relationship.

CONCLUSIONThe mode can play a role in rapid determination of medicinal materials and prepared herbal medicines and real-time rapid quantitative analysis on intermediates and preparations.

OBJECTIVETo measure the contents of the water-soluble iron, five heavy metals and harmful elements in Magnetiturn and provide a basis for the quality control and safety evaluation of Magnetitum.

METHODIron (Fe), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS); arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) were determined by atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS).

RESULTThe mean content of element iron is 764.30 mg x kg(-1). The contents of five water-soluble heavy metals and harmful elements in Magnetitum were within the safety range. The recovery of the standard addition was in the range of 93.7% - 110.6%, and the RSD was less than 5.0%.

CONCLUSIONAnalyzing the water-soluble iron, heavy metals and harmful elements in Magnetitum is effective to the quality control and the safety evaluation of magnetitum.

Objective To assess the health status of rodent laboratory animals by pathological diagnosis, our lab has being take apart in investigating the quality of laboratory animals in Beijing area for years and offer some advices for standardized breeding to ensure accurate results of scientific research.This paper focuses on the analysis of laboratory rodent samples that collected in October 2014.Methods We collected the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, large intestine and small intestine, and put these organs into 10%Calcium formaldehyde solution for fixation, and then prepared into two different sections for optical microscopy observation including all paraffin specimens stained with H&E and the frozen sections stained with Oil Red-O and PAS.Results The vast majority of laboratory rodents were up to standard, but there still a problem in individual units.The main problem is liver and lung disease.The rate of Hepatocyte swellingis 6%(mouse), 2.5% (rat), 8.2% (guinea pig), moreover part of them were lipidosis, according to Oil Red-O stain.the mainly problem of lung is congestion ,edema and Interstitial pneumonia ,the detectable rate of pulmonarydiseases is 15.5%(guinea pig).Conclusions The vast majority of laboratory rodents were pathologically diagnosed as healthy animals.The liver disease may be caused by improper feeding.And disease of lung may led by haze, unqualified bedding and low temperature.